Melatonin Uygulamalarının Süs Bitkilerinde Stres Toleransı, Bitki Gelişimi ve Vazo Ömrüne Etkileri

Year 2025, Volume: 54 Issue: 2, 169 - 176, 27.11.2025

Ömer Öztaş , Özlem Üzal , Fikret Yaşar

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1668923

Abstract

Melatonin, bitkilerde endojen olarak sentezlenen ve büyüme, gelişme, çimlenme, kök-sürgün gelişimi, üreme süreçleri ile meyve olgunlaşmasını düzenleyen çok yönlü bir moleküldür. Güçlü antioksidan özellikleri sayesinde bitkileri çevresel ve içsel kaynaklı oksidatif streslerden korumaktadır. Özellikle abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı koruyucu etki göstermektedir. Kuraklık stresi altında antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini artırmakta, fotosentetik kapasiteyi iyileştirmekte ve osmotik dengenin korunmasını sağlamaktadır. Tuz stres koşullarında hücresel hasarı azaltarak, fotosentetik aktiviteyi koruyarak ve antioksidan savunma mekanizmalarını aktive ederek stresin olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmektedir. Sıcaklık stresi altında, termotoleransı artırarak hücre zarının bütünlüğünü korumakta ve oksidatif hasarı azaltmaktadır. Ağır metal stresinde ise antioksidan savunma sistemlerini aktive ederek reaktif oksijen türlerini temizlemekte ve bitkilerin antioksidan sistemlerini aktive ederek bitkilerin direncini artırmaktadır. Ayrıca, çiçeklenme sürecini düzenleyerek ve vazo ömrünü uzatarak bitkilerin estetik ve ticari değerini artırmaktadır. Bu özellikleriyle melatonin, tarımsal üretimde verimliliği ve kaliteyi artırma potansiyeli taşırken, modern bahçecilik uygulamalarında da önemli bir rol oynayabilmektedir. Ancak, melatonin uygulamalarının etkinliğinin bitki türüne, stres faktörüne ve uygulanan konsantrasyona bağlı olarak değişmesi, daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir. Bu derlemede, melatoninin süs bitkilerinde abiyotik ve biyotik stres koşullarına etkileri, generatif ve vejetatif gelişim üzerine etkileri ve vazo ömrü üzerindeki rolü ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

Süs bitkileri , Melatonin , Stres , Vazo ömrü , Çiçeklenme

Effects of Melatonin Applications on Stress Tolerance, Plant Growth and Vase Life of Ornamental Plants

Abstract

Melatonin is a versatile molecule that is synthesized endogenously in plants and regulates growth, development, germination, root and shoot development, reproductive processes and fruit ripening. Thanks to its strong antioxidant properties, it protects plants from environmental and endogenous oxidative stresses. It has a protective effect especially against abiotic stress factors. Under drought stress, it increases antioxidant enzyme activities, improves photosynthetic capacity and maintains osmotic balance. Under salt stress conditions, it alleviates the negative effects of stress by reducing cellular damage, maintaining photosynthetic activity and activating antioxidant defense mechanisms. Under heat stress, it protects the integrity of the cell membrane and reduces oxidative damage by increasing thermotolerance. Under heavy metal stress, it scavenges reactive oxygen species by activating antioxidant defense systems and increases plant resistance by activating antioxidant systems of plants. It also increases the aesthetic and commercial value of plants by regulating the flowering process and extending vase life. With these properties, melatonin has the potential to increase productivity and quality in agricultural production and may play an important role in modern horticultural applications. However, the fact that the efficacy of melatonin applications varies depending on the plant species, stress factor and concentration applied shows that more comprehensive studies are needed.

Keywords

Ornamental plants , Melatonin , Stress , Vase life , Flowering

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