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Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 1988, Volume: 17 Issue: 1-2, 45 - 58, 31.12.1988

Kenan Kaynaş , İsmail Karaçalı

Abstract

1981 yılında başlayıp, üç yıl devam eden bu çalışmada, Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde yaygın yetiştiriciliği yapılan Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious elma çeşitlerinde olgunluk karakteristikleri ve depolama olanakları araştırılmıştır. Tam çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen süre, meyve eti sertliği, asitlik, meyve suyunda erimiş madde, top lam şeker, klorofil yoğunluğu, klorofil-a, klorofil-b, karotenoid miktarları, solunum hızı, ağırlık kaybı ve duyusal değerlendirme gibi parametreler incelenmiştir. Bu değerlendirmelere göre standart çeşit ile spur tip arasında önemli farklılık bulunmamış ve en uygun hasat olumu her iki çeşitte de 2. ve 3. hasat dönemleri olarak saptanmıştır. Meyvelerde hasat olumu Bursa’da Yalova ve Kocaeli bölgelerine göre 7-10 gün erken olmuştur.

Keywords

Doğu Marmara Bölgesi Golden Delicious Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma

References

  • Abbott, J.A., A.E. Watada, D.R. Massie, 1976. Effegi, Magness Taylor and Instron Fruit Pressure Devices for Apple, Peaches and Nectarines. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 101:698-700.
  • Anonim, 1968. Analyses Determination of Titratable Acid. Inst. Fed. Fruit Juices Producers. No:2.
  • Anonim, 1984. Entreposage et Considération des Fruits et Légumes Frais. CTIFL Bull. Paris.
  • Biale, J.B. 1989. Synthetic and Degradative Processes in Fruit Ripening. Postharvest Biology and Handling of Fruits and Vegetables Editor: M.F. Haard, D.K. Salunkhe. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport, Connecticut, USA. pp:5-18.
  • Blanpied, G.D., S. Ben-David, 1970. A New York Study of McIntosh Apple Optimum Harvest Dates. 7. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 35:151-154.
  • Blanpied, G.D., A.B. Virginia, 1977. A Comparison of Pressure Tests Acid Levels and Sensory Evaluations of Over ripeness in Apples. Hort. Sci., 12:78-74.
  • Buchloh, G., J. Neubeller, 1974. Aroma Changes of Golden Delicious Apples During Ripening on the Tree. 11. Erwerbsobstbau, 16(5): 69-52.
  • Claypool, L.L., R.H. Keefer, 1942. A. Colorimetric Method for CO₂ Determination Respiration Studies. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40:177-180.
  • Eccher, T., P.Z. Echer, F.L. Gorini, 1978. Quality Parameters of Golden Delicious Apples from Orchards at Different Altitudes. 1. Val. Tec. Pro. Agr., 1:45-70.
  • Ecluse, B., 1976. The Flavour Quality of Golden Delicious Apples from the Middle Loire Valley. FSTA, 83:1078.
  • Faust, M., 1964. The Relation Between Leucoanthochanins and Anthocyanins in. McIntosh Apples. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 85:85-90.
  • Fidler, T.C., B.G. Wilkinson, K.L. Edney, R.D. Sharples, 1973. The Biology of Apple Pear Storage. Commonwealth Bureau of Hort and Plantation Crops. Research Rev. 3. London.
  • Günel, T., İ. Karaçalı, 1985. İç Ege Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Starking ve Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinde Uygun Hasat Zamanının Saptanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 22(3):1-19.
  • Goodwin, T.W., L.J. Goad, 1970. Carotenoids and Triterpenoids. The Biochemistry of Fruit and Their Products (Editor: A.C. Hulme) Vol. 1 Academic Press, London-New York.
  • Gorin, N., J.W. Rudolphij, F. T. Heidema and R. G. Van der Vuurstde Vries, 1975. Metabolites in Golden Delicious Apples as Possible Parameters of Acceptability, J. Sci. Fd. Agric. 26: 559-607.
  • Gorin, N., F.T. Heidema, 1976. Peroxidase Activity in Golden Delicious Apples as a Possible Parameter of Ripening and Senescence. J. Agric. Fd. Chem. 24(1):200-202.
  • Gorin, N., W. Klop, 1982. L-Malate and Sucrose as Criteria for internal Quality of Golden Delicious Apples. Size. 70-80 mm. z. Lebanism-Unters. Farsch., 174:1-4.
  • Gorini, F.L., C. Fidegheli, P. Rosati, 1975. Attitudine alia Conserveziona Frigofera di Cloni Spure non-Spur di Golden Delicious. Annali I.V.T.PA. 6:1-13.
  • Gorski, P.M., L.L. Creasy, 1977. Color Development in Golden Delicious Apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 102:73-75.
  • Gross, J., 1979. Changes of Carotenoid Pattern in Peel of Golden Delicious Apples During Storage. Gartenbau, 44(1):27729.
  • Haller, M.H. 1942. Fruit. Pressure Testers and Their Practical Applications. US Department of Agric., Sircular No:627.
  • Hammett, L.K., H.J. Kirk, H.G. Todd, S.A. Hale, 1977. Association Between Soluble Solids/Add Content and Days from Full Bloom of Golden Delicious Apple Fruits. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 102:429-431.
  • Henze, I., 1983. Criteria to Determine the Quality of Apples Dependent on Harvesting Date and Storage Treatments. Acta Horticulturae 138:69-75.
  • Knee, M., 1972. Anthocyanin, Carotenoid and Chlorophyll Changes in the Peel of Cox’s Orange Pippin Apples During Ripening on and of the Tree. J. Exp. Bot., 23:184-196.
  • Leblond, C., 1969. Maturation at Jaunissement Acceleres des Pommes Golden Delicious. Proc. 12. Int. Cong. Refrig. Madrid.
  • Lidster, P.D., S.W. Porritt, 1978. Influence of Maturity and Delay of Storage on Firmness and Disorders in Spart on Apple. J. Hort. Sci., 13:253-254.
  • Lott, R.V., 1963. Variability in Color and Associated Quality Constituents in Golden Delicious Apple Packs. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 83:139-148.
  • Morrison, W.W., 1964. Market Your Fresh Apples. USDA. Marketing Bull. No:35.
  • Naumann, W.D., 1964. Untersuchungen über den Einfluss der Temperatur auf die Nachreife von Äpfeln der Sorten "Jonathan" und "Ontario". Gartenbau: 29:523-537.
  • Özbek, S., 1978. Özel meyvecilik, kışın yaprağını döken meyve tülleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No:128.
  • Öz, F., ve G. Çelebioğlu, 1974. Marmara Bölgesi için ümitvar elma çeşitleri-1. Yalova Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi Dergisi 7(3-4):1-14.
  • Pekmezci, M., 1975. Bazı önemli armut ve elma çeşitlerinin solunum klimakterikleri ve soğukta muhafazaları üzerinde araştırmalar. Tarım Orman Bakanlığı, Basın ve Halkla İlişkiler Genel Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • Regnell, J.C., 1973. Analytical methods in quality control of processed fruit vegetables. Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü Technical Rep. No:11, İzmir.
  • Ross, A.F., 1959. Dinitrophenol Method for Reducing Sugar. Potato Processing (Editör: W.F. Talburt). The AVI Publishing Com. Inc., Westport, Connecticut, s: 588
  • Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1982. Handling Transportation and Storage of Fruit and Vegetables. Vol:2. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport, Connecticut, pp:610.
  • Sharpes, R.O., 1978. A Note on Fruit Storage. Crop Conservation and Storage in Cool Temperature Climates (Ed.: M.J. Nash). Pergaman Press, London, pp:365-369.
  • Smock, R.M., 1944. The Physiology of Decidious Fruits in Storage. The Botanical Review, 10:560-598.
  • Tukey, H.B., 1942. Time Interval Between Full Bloom and Fruit Maturity for Several Varieties of Apples, Pears, Peaches and Cherries. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 40:133-140.
  • Ulrich, R., 1970. Organic Acids. The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products (Ed.: A.C. Hulme) Vol:1 Academic Press, London, pp:89-115.
  • Visanska, J.D., Donoev, L. Velkov, 1970. Establishing the Optimal Harvesting Period and Storage Temperature Regime for Red Delicious, Golden Delicious and Jonathan Apple Varieties. Hort. Abs., 41(2):398.
  • Whiting, G.C. 1970. Sugars. The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products. (Ed.: A.C. Hulme), Vol:1 Academic Press. London, pp:1-27.
  • Wills, R.B.H., T.H. Lee, D. Graham, W.B. McGlasson, E.G. Hall, 1981. Postharvest, an introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetables. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport Connecticut, USA. 161 p.
  • Workman, M., 1963. Color and pigment changes in golden delicious and grimes golden apples. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 83:149-161.

Studies on Regional Maturity Standards and Storage Potentials of Golden Delicious and Starkspur Golden Delicious Apple Cultivars Grown in Marmara Region

Year 1988, Volume: 17 Issue: 1-2, 45 - 58, 31.12.1988

Kenan Kaynaş , İsmail Karaçalı

Abstract

Three years of studies, starting in 1981 have been conducted to investigate regional maturity, ripening characteristics, and storage potentials of Golden Delicious and Starkspur Golden Delicious cultivars of apples grown in Eastern Marmara Region. The fruits were harvested during five weeks period at one-week intervals and tested for the following parameters: the elapsed days from full-bloom to harvest, flesh firmness, soluble solids, total sugar, chlorophyll intensity, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoid contents, titratable acidity, respiration, weight loss and sensory evaluations. Based on these studies, the maturity between Golden and Starkspur Golden Delicious Cultivars was not different. On the other hand, optimum harvest date was the second or third harvest period for two varieties. Fruits are required to be picked 7 or 10 days earlier in Bursa than Yalova and Kocaeli regions.

Keywords

Eastern Marmara Region Golden Delicious Starkspur Golden Delicious Apple

References

  • Abbott, J.A., A.E. Watada, D.R. Massie, 1976. Effegi, Magness Taylor and Instron Fruit Pressure Devices for Apple, Peaches and Nectarines. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 101:698-700.
  • Anonim, 1968. Analyses Determination of Titratable Acid. Inst. Fed. Fruit Juices Producers. No:2.
  • Anonim, 1984. Entreposage et Considération des Fruits et Légumes Frais. CTIFL Bull. Paris.
  • Biale, J.B. 1989. Synthetic and Degradative Processes in Fruit Ripening. Postharvest Biology and Handling of Fruits and Vegetables Editor: M.F. Haard, D.K. Salunkhe. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport, Connecticut, USA. pp:5-18.
  • Blanpied, G.D., S. Ben-David, 1970. A New York Study of McIntosh Apple Optimum Harvest Dates. 7. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 35:151-154.
  • Blanpied, G.D., A.B. Virginia, 1977. A Comparison of Pressure Tests Acid Levels and Sensory Evaluations of Over ripeness in Apples. Hort. Sci., 12:78-74.
  • Buchloh, G., J. Neubeller, 1974. Aroma Changes of Golden Delicious Apples During Ripening on the Tree. 11. Erwerbsobstbau, 16(5): 69-52.
  • Claypool, L.L., R.H. Keefer, 1942. A. Colorimetric Method for CO₂ Determination Respiration Studies. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40:177-180.
  • Eccher, T., P.Z. Echer, F.L. Gorini, 1978. Quality Parameters of Golden Delicious Apples from Orchards at Different Altitudes. 1. Val. Tec. Pro. Agr., 1:45-70.
  • Ecluse, B., 1976. The Flavour Quality of Golden Delicious Apples from the Middle Loire Valley. FSTA, 83:1078.
  • Faust, M., 1964. The Relation Between Leucoanthochanins and Anthocyanins in. McIntosh Apples. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 85:85-90.
  • Fidler, T.C., B.G. Wilkinson, K.L. Edney, R.D. Sharples, 1973. The Biology of Apple Pear Storage. Commonwealth Bureau of Hort and Plantation Crops. Research Rev. 3. London.
  • Günel, T., İ. Karaçalı, 1985. İç Ege Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Starking ve Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinde Uygun Hasat Zamanının Saptanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 22(3):1-19.
  • Goodwin, T.W., L.J. Goad, 1970. Carotenoids and Triterpenoids. The Biochemistry of Fruit and Their Products (Editor: A.C. Hulme) Vol. 1 Academic Press, London-New York.
  • Gorin, N., J.W. Rudolphij, F. T. Heidema and R. G. Van der Vuurstde Vries, 1975. Metabolites in Golden Delicious Apples as Possible Parameters of Acceptability, J. Sci. Fd. Agric. 26: 559-607.
  • Gorin, N., F.T. Heidema, 1976. Peroxidase Activity in Golden Delicious Apples as a Possible Parameter of Ripening and Senescence. J. Agric. Fd. Chem. 24(1):200-202.
  • Gorin, N., W. Klop, 1982. L-Malate and Sucrose as Criteria for internal Quality of Golden Delicious Apples. Size. 70-80 mm. z. Lebanism-Unters. Farsch., 174:1-4.
  • Gorini, F.L., C. Fidegheli, P. Rosati, 1975. Attitudine alia Conserveziona Frigofera di Cloni Spure non-Spur di Golden Delicious. Annali I.V.T.PA. 6:1-13.
  • Gorski, P.M., L.L. Creasy, 1977. Color Development in Golden Delicious Apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 102:73-75.
  • Gross, J., 1979. Changes of Carotenoid Pattern in Peel of Golden Delicious Apples During Storage. Gartenbau, 44(1):27729.
  • Haller, M.H. 1942. Fruit. Pressure Testers and Their Practical Applications. US Department of Agric., Sircular No:627.
  • Hammett, L.K., H.J. Kirk, H.G. Todd, S.A. Hale, 1977. Association Between Soluble Solids/Add Content and Days from Full Bloom of Golden Delicious Apple Fruits. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 102:429-431.
  • Henze, I., 1983. Criteria to Determine the Quality of Apples Dependent on Harvesting Date and Storage Treatments. Acta Horticulturae 138:69-75.
  • Knee, M., 1972. Anthocyanin, Carotenoid and Chlorophyll Changes in the Peel of Cox’s Orange Pippin Apples During Ripening on and of the Tree. J. Exp. Bot., 23:184-196.
  • Leblond, C., 1969. Maturation at Jaunissement Acceleres des Pommes Golden Delicious. Proc. 12. Int. Cong. Refrig. Madrid.
  • Lidster, P.D., S.W. Porritt, 1978. Influence of Maturity and Delay of Storage on Firmness and Disorders in Spart on Apple. J. Hort. Sci., 13:253-254.
  • Lott, R.V., 1963. Variability in Color and Associated Quality Constituents in Golden Delicious Apple Packs. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 83:139-148.
  • Morrison, W.W., 1964. Market Your Fresh Apples. USDA. Marketing Bull. No:35.
  • Naumann, W.D., 1964. Untersuchungen über den Einfluss der Temperatur auf die Nachreife von Äpfeln der Sorten "Jonathan" und "Ontario". Gartenbau: 29:523-537.
  • Özbek, S., 1978. Özel meyvecilik, kışın yaprağını döken meyve tülleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No:128.
  • Öz, F., ve G. Çelebioğlu, 1974. Marmara Bölgesi için ümitvar elma çeşitleri-1. Yalova Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi Dergisi 7(3-4):1-14.
  • Pekmezci, M., 1975. Bazı önemli armut ve elma çeşitlerinin solunum klimakterikleri ve soğukta muhafazaları üzerinde araştırmalar. Tarım Orman Bakanlığı, Basın ve Halkla İlişkiler Genel Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • Regnell, J.C., 1973. Analytical methods in quality control of processed fruit vegetables. Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü Technical Rep. No:11, İzmir.
  • Ross, A.F., 1959. Dinitrophenol Method for Reducing Sugar. Potato Processing (Editör: W.F. Talburt). The AVI Publishing Com. Inc., Westport, Connecticut, s: 588
  • Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1982. Handling Transportation and Storage of Fruit and Vegetables. Vol:2. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport, Connecticut, pp:610.
  • Sharpes, R.O., 1978. A Note on Fruit Storage. Crop Conservation and Storage in Cool Temperature Climates (Ed.: M.J. Nash). Pergaman Press, London, pp:365-369.
  • Smock, R.M., 1944. The Physiology of Decidious Fruits in Storage. The Botanical Review, 10:560-598.
  • Tukey, H.B., 1942. Time Interval Between Full Bloom and Fruit Maturity for Several Varieties of Apples, Pears, Peaches and Cherries. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 40:133-140.
  • Ulrich, R., 1970. Organic Acids. The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products (Ed.: A.C. Hulme) Vol:1 Academic Press, London, pp:89-115.
  • Visanska, J.D., Donoev, L. Velkov, 1970. Establishing the Optimal Harvesting Period and Storage Temperature Regime for Red Delicious, Golden Delicious and Jonathan Apple Varieties. Hort. Abs., 41(2):398.
  • Whiting, G.C. 1970. Sugars. The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products. (Ed.: A.C. Hulme), Vol:1 Academic Press. London, pp:1-27.
  • Wills, R.B.H., T.H. Lee, D. Graham, W.B. McGlasson, E.G. Hall, 1981. Postharvest, an introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetables. The AVI Publishing Com. Inc. Westport Connecticut, USA. 161 p.
  • Workman, M., 1963. Color and pigment changes in golden delicious and grimes golden apples. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 83:149-161.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Kenan Kaynaş

İsmail Karaçalı This is me

Publication Date December 31, 1988
Submission Date January 1, 1988
Acceptance Date January 31, 1988
Published in Issue Year 1988 Volume: 17 Issue: 1-2

Cite

APA Kaynaş, K., & Karaçalı, İ. (1988). Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bahçe, 17(1-2), 45-58.
AMA Kaynaş K, Karaçalı İ. Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bahçe. December 1988;17(1-2):45-58.
Chicago Kaynaş, Kenan, and İsmail Karaçalı. “Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious Ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Bahçe 17, no. 1-2 (December 1988): 45-58.
EndNote Kaynaş K, Karaçalı İ (December 1, 1988) Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bahçe 17 1-2 45–58.
IEEE K. Kaynaş and İ. Karaçalı, “Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Bahçe, vol. 17, no. 1-2, pp. 45–58, 1988.
ISNAD Kaynaş, Kenan - Karaçalı, İsmail. “Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious Ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Bahçe 17/1-2 (December1988), 45-58.
JAMA Kaynaş K, Karaçalı İ. Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bahçe. 1988;17:45–58.
MLA Kaynaş, Kenan and İsmail Karaçalı. “Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious Ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Bahçe, vol. 17, no. 1-2, 1988, pp. 45-58.
Vancouver Kaynaş K, Karaçalı İ. Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious Elma Çeşitlerinin Yöresel Olgunluk Standartlarının Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bahçe. 1988;17(1-2):45-58.
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