Effect of Alar-85, Ethrel and NAA on Fruit Quality and Coloring of Starking Delicious Apple
Year 1987,
Volume: 16 Issue: 1-2, 30 - 38, 31.12.1987
Onur Konarlp
Kenan Kaynaş
,
Kahraman Kepenek
Abstract
Three years of studies, starting in 1983 have been conducted to investigate the effects of Alar-85 (Succicinic 2.2-dimethyhydrazide-also known as daminozide) and Ethrel (2-choloroethylphosphonic acid-also known as ethophon) + NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid) on fruit quality and coloring of Starking Delicious apples at Atatürk Horticultural Research Institute, Yalova. Results of the experiment were as following: 1. Ethrel should be applied with NAA for preventing preharvest drop. 2. Application of Ethrel at 350 ppm + 20 ppm increased the red color of the skin of fruit was better than other application of ethrel doses. 3. Application of Alar-85 at 1000 ppm + Ethrel at 350 ppm + NAA at 20 ppm was found to the best treatment for the red color of the skin of fruit. 4. Only Ethrel applications hastened the harvest by one week and only Alar-85 application delayed the harvest by two weeks compared to control. 5. Application of Alar-85 + Ethrel + NAA was not effective in harvesting maturity. 6. Application of Ethrel and Alar-85 combinations were not effective in maturity and physiological disorders during storage.
References
-
Anonim, 1968. Analyses determination of titratable acid. Int. Fed. Fruit Juice Producers No. 3.
-
Bartman, R., 1969. Use for alar on Red Delicious in 1968. Good Fruit Gr., 19:11-13.
-
Burg, S.P., 1962. The physiology of ethylene formation. Ann. Plant Phys. 13:265-302.
-
Costa, G., N. Filiti, 1973. The use for alar and ethephon on standard Delicious apples. Univ. Cologna, Report. Italy.
-
Edgerton, L.J., G.D. Blanpied, 1970. Interaction of succinic acid, 2-2 dimethyl hydrazide, 2-chloroethylphosphanic acid and auxin on maturity, quality and abscission of apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 95:664-666.
-
Ergün, M.E., 1984. Üretimin yoğun olduğu bazı yörelerde elma üretimi değerlendirmesi, maliyeti ile pazarlama sorunları üzerinde araştırma (sonuç raporu). Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü, Yalova.
-
Flore, J.A., 1980. The effect of daminozide and ethephon on harvest maturity of Paulared apple. Hort. Sci. 15(3):745.
-
Fraysse, J.L., P. Cassagnes, 1978. Improving color in Red with alar-85 (SADH) and PRM (Ethephon + 2.4-5 TP). Acta Hort., 80:361-365.
-
Hulme, A.C., J.C. Rhodes, 1970. Pome fruits. In "The Biochemistry of Fruit and Their Products". A.C. Hulme Vol. 7. Academic Press. London, pp:620.
-
Jones, T., 1977. Early improving the color with ethephon. Hort. Abst. 5248.
-
Kader, A.A., 1979. Quality factors for fresh fruits and vegetables. Postharvest App. Tec. Shourt Courses Notes. Lec. 19-1:20-21, California.
-
Karaçalı, İ., 1974. Hasat sonu ethrel uygulamasının elma üzerine etkileri. Yalova Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7:19-39.
-
Konarlı, O., K. Kepenek, K. Kaynaş, 1984. Starking Delicious elma çeşidinde Alar-85 (daminozide) uygulamasının meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Bahçe, 13(11):34-41.
-
Looney, E.N., 1971. Introduction of ethylene, auxin and succinic acid, 2-2 dimethyl hydrazide in apple fruit ripening control. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 96:350-353.
-
Micke, W.C., R.H. Tyler, S.T. Tenger, 1977. Growth regulators effect apple maturity. California Agric. 3(3):15.
-
Monselise, J.P., 1974. A comparative evolution of the effects of applied of applied regulators and other factors on maturation and ripening of orange and apple fruits. Colleque Inst. CNRS, 238:97-104.
-
Nauman, W.D., 1964. Untersuchungen überden einfluss der temperatur auf die nachreife von aepfein. der Gardenbauwises, 29:523-537.
-
Pollard, J., 1974. Effects of SADH, ethephon and 2-4 T on color and storage quality of McIntosh apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 99:341-343.
-
Pratt, H.K., 1975. The rola of ethylene in fruit ripening. Facteurs et Régulation de la Maturation des Fruits. Sempozyum Notu No:238. Paris.
-
Regnell, J.C., 1973. Analytical methods in quality control of processed fruit and vegetables. Tech. Reports No:11, Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü, İzmir.
-
Ross, F.A., 1959. Dinitrophenol method for reducing sugars. In "Potato Processing" W.F. Talburt, O. Smith. The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport, pp:588.
-
Royen, W.J.W., 1982. Alar-85 and Fruit Color of Jonagold. Fruitteeld, 72(28):881-887.
-
Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1982. Handling, transportation and storage of fruit and vegetables V.II The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport s. 610.
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Salisbury, F.B., C. Ross, 1969. Plant physiology. Wadsworth Pub. Inc. Belmond. s. 747.
-
Schomer, H., M.W. Williams, H.D. Billingsley, 1971. Effect of combinations of growth regulators of maturity and quality of Thydeman’s Red Apples. Hort. Sci. 6:453-455.
-
Westwood, M.N., 1978. Temperature Zone pomology. W.H. Freeman and com. San Francisco. pp:428.
-
Wills, R.B.H., T.H. Lee, D. Graham, W.B. McGlasson, E.G. Hall, 1981. Postharvest an introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetable. The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport, s. 161.
Starking Delicious Elma Çeşidinde Ethrel, NAA ve Alar-85 Karışımlarının Meyve Kalitesi ve Kırmızı Renk Oluşumuna Etkileri
Year 1987,
Volume: 16 Issue: 1-2, 30 - 38, 31.12.1987
Onur Konarlp
Kenan Kaynaş
,
Kahraman Kepenek
Abstract
1983, 1984 ve 1985 yıllarında 3 yıl süreyle yapılan bu çalışmada, Yalova Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü koleksiyon bahçesindeki Starking Delicious elma çeşidinde Alar-85 ve Ethrel + NAA’in tek başına ve birlikte kullanılmalarının kabuk rengi, hasat olumu ve meyve kalitesine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada yapılan gözlemler ve laboratuvar analizlerinde aşağıdaki sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. 1. Ethrel, hasat öncesi meyve dökümünün önlenmesi için NAA ile birlikte kullanılmalıdır. 2. Meyve kabuk üst rengi için ethrel 350 ppm + NAA 20 ppm uygulaması diğer Ethrel uygu lamalarına göre daha iyi sonuç vermiştir. 3. Meyve kabuk üst rengi için en iyi uygulama Alar-85 1000 ppm + Ethrel-350 ppm + NAA-20 ppm karışımıdır. 4. Ethrel’in tek başına uygulanması olgunluğu bir hafta öne alırken, Alar-85’in tek başına uygulanması olgunluğu iki haftaya kadar geciktirmektedir. 5. Alar-85 + Ethrel kombinasyonu olgunlaşmayı etkilememekte, normal zamanda hasadın yapılmasını sağlamaktadır. 6. Uygulamalara ait meyvelerde, depolama süresince fizyolojik ve mantari bozulma oranı kon trole göre yüksek olmamıştır.
References
-
Anonim, 1968. Analyses determination of titratable acid. Int. Fed. Fruit Juice Producers No. 3.
-
Bartman, R., 1969. Use for alar on Red Delicious in 1968. Good Fruit Gr., 19:11-13.
-
Burg, S.P., 1962. The physiology of ethylene formation. Ann. Plant Phys. 13:265-302.
-
Costa, G., N. Filiti, 1973. The use for alar and ethephon on standard Delicious apples. Univ. Cologna, Report. Italy.
-
Edgerton, L.J., G.D. Blanpied, 1970. Interaction of succinic acid, 2-2 dimethyl hydrazide, 2-chloroethylphosphanic acid and auxin on maturity, quality and abscission of apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 95:664-666.
-
Ergün, M.E., 1984. Üretimin yoğun olduğu bazı yörelerde elma üretimi değerlendirmesi, maliyeti ile pazarlama sorunları üzerinde araştırma (sonuç raporu). Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü, Yalova.
-
Flore, J.A., 1980. The effect of daminozide and ethephon on harvest maturity of Paulared apple. Hort. Sci. 15(3):745.
-
Fraysse, J.L., P. Cassagnes, 1978. Improving color in Red with alar-85 (SADH) and PRM (Ethephon + 2.4-5 TP). Acta Hort., 80:361-365.
-
Hulme, A.C., J.C. Rhodes, 1970. Pome fruits. In "The Biochemistry of Fruit and Their Products". A.C. Hulme Vol. 7. Academic Press. London, pp:620.
-
Jones, T., 1977. Early improving the color with ethephon. Hort. Abst. 5248.
-
Kader, A.A., 1979. Quality factors for fresh fruits and vegetables. Postharvest App. Tec. Shourt Courses Notes. Lec. 19-1:20-21, California.
-
Karaçalı, İ., 1974. Hasat sonu ethrel uygulamasının elma üzerine etkileri. Yalova Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7:19-39.
-
Konarlı, O., K. Kepenek, K. Kaynaş, 1984. Starking Delicious elma çeşidinde Alar-85 (daminozide) uygulamasının meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Bahçe, 13(11):34-41.
-
Looney, E.N., 1971. Introduction of ethylene, auxin and succinic acid, 2-2 dimethyl hydrazide in apple fruit ripening control. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 96:350-353.
-
Micke, W.C., R.H. Tyler, S.T. Tenger, 1977. Growth regulators effect apple maturity. California Agric. 3(3):15.
-
Monselise, J.P., 1974. A comparative evolution of the effects of applied of applied regulators and other factors on maturation and ripening of orange and apple fruits. Colleque Inst. CNRS, 238:97-104.
-
Nauman, W.D., 1964. Untersuchungen überden einfluss der temperatur auf die nachreife von aepfein. der Gardenbauwises, 29:523-537.
-
Pollard, J., 1974. Effects of SADH, ethephon and 2-4 T on color and storage quality of McIntosh apples. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 99:341-343.
-
Pratt, H.K., 1975. The rola of ethylene in fruit ripening. Facteurs et Régulation de la Maturation des Fruits. Sempozyum Notu No:238. Paris.
-
Regnell, J.C., 1973. Analytical methods in quality control of processed fruit and vegetables. Tech. Reports No:11, Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü, İzmir.
-
Ross, F.A., 1959. Dinitrophenol method for reducing sugars. In "Potato Processing" W.F. Talburt, O. Smith. The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport, pp:588.
-
Royen, W.J.W., 1982. Alar-85 and Fruit Color of Jonagold. Fruitteeld, 72(28):881-887.
-
Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1982. Handling, transportation and storage of fruit and vegetables V.II The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport s. 610.
-
Salisbury, F.B., C. Ross, 1969. Plant physiology. Wadsworth Pub. Inc. Belmond. s. 747.
-
Schomer, H., M.W. Williams, H.D. Billingsley, 1971. Effect of combinations of growth regulators of maturity and quality of Thydeman’s Red Apples. Hort. Sci. 6:453-455.
-
Westwood, M.N., 1978. Temperature Zone pomology. W.H. Freeman and com. San Francisco. pp:428.
-
Wills, R.B.H., T.H. Lee, D. Graham, W.B. McGlasson, E.G. Hall, 1981. Postharvest an introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetable. The AVI Pub. Com. Inc. Westport, s. 161.