Zeytin ve Zeytinyağlarında Aflatoxin Varlığının Tespiti Üzerinde Araştırma

Year 1973, Volume: 6 Issue: 3-4, 69 - 74, 31.12.1973

Günay Kalender

Abstract

Aflatoxini veren Aspergiullus flavus dediğimiz küf mantarının minimum gelişme şartları Akademic Press (1966)’da %85 nisbi nem ve 33℃ olarak verildiğine göre kuru ve serin yerlerde muhafaza edilen örneklerde Aflatoxin bulunamaz. Rafinasyonda alkali ile nötralizasyon ve yıkamanın mevcut aflatoxini 10-15 ppb seviyesine, ağartma muamelesinin ise aflatoxini yağdan dimine ederek, 1 ppb seviyesine indirdiği zikredilmektedir. Buna göre zeytinde bulunan küfün Aspergillus niger olması ve Wilbur ve Melnick’e göre yağdaki bulunabilen seviyenin tüketici için zararlı bir seviyede olmaması bizim endişelerimizi yok etmekle beraber çalışmalarımız zaten Türk Zeytinyağlarında minimum limitte dahi aflatoxin mevcudiyetini göstermemiştir.

Keywords

Zeytin , Zeytinyağı , Aflatoxin

Researches on Aflatoxin in Turkish Olives and Olive Oils

Abstract

Aflatoxin cannot be found on the samples which is stored in cold and dry places according to Academic Press (1966) as given minimum grown conditions for Aspegillus flavus is 85% realitive humidity and 30℃. They are mentioned that notralization with alcali rafination and washing decrease the Aflatoxin to 10-15 ppb level and also processing bleaching decreases the aflatoxin to 1 ppb level. According that above levels in oils are under of dangerous level and hadn’t found Aspegillus flavus in Turkish olives and oils.

Keywords

Olives , Olive Oils , Aflatoxin

References

• Epplay, Robert, M., 1966. A versatile Procedure for assay and Preparatory separation of Aflatoxins from Peanut Products. Journal of the AOAC, 49:6.
• Frazier, 1958. Food Microbiology. McGraw Hill Books Co. 7.
• Köşker, Ömer, Turgut Denizel, 1972. A mycological survey of various kinds of edible nuts commercially an available in the U.K. with reference to mycotoxins.
• Nesheime, Stanyley, 1964. Mycotoxins, Journal of the AOAC, 47:6.
• Mayura, K.V., Screnivasamurthy, 1969. Quantitative method for the Estimation of Aflatoxins in Peanuts and Peanuts Products. Journal of the AOAC, 52:1.
• Merck Index. 1968.
• Robertson, A., Louis S. Lee, Assay of Aflatoxin in Peanuts and peanuts Products using Acetone-Hexane-Water for extraction. The Journal of the American Oil Chemists Soc.
• Parker, W.A., Daniel Melnick, J. 1966. Am. Oil Cheam’s. 43.
• Teng, Jon I., Peter C. Hanzas, 1969. Thin Layer Chromatography of Aflatoxins in Silica Gel plates. AOAC, 52:1.
• Tropical Products Institute, 1968. Recommended Producers for the detection and estimation of Aflatoxin B, in Groundnuts and ground-nut materials.
• Velan, M.J. Reynaud, 1967. Sur le destin de I ’aflatoxine au cours du raffinage pardistillation de I’huile d’archide. Revue Francaise des Corps Gras. 5.
• W.A. Pons, 1965. The determination of Aflatoxins in Cottonseed products. AOCS, 42:471.
• Wogan, N. Gerald, 1964. Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs. pp:153-289.
• Campbell, Eisenberg and Zaic, 1971. Report on Investigation of processing of pistachio Nuts in Turkey.
• Charles E. Holaday, 1968. Rapid method for detecting Aflatoxins in Peanuts. Journal American Oil Chem. Soc. 45 April. pp:680-682.