Comparative Analysis of PI and PR Control Strategies for Enhancing Voltage Quality in D-Statcom-Based Distribution Networks

Abstract

In recent years, the rise in the number of sensitive loads in distribution networks has highlighted the importance of not only ensuring the continuity of electricity supplies but also maintaining high power quality for consumers. In the present era, one of the most prevalent power quality issues in power systems is voltage sag, which is responsible for over 80% of the observed problems. Although the duration of the disturbance is relatively brief, typically between 10 ms and 1 minute, it can have a significant impact on the production process due to a minor deviation from the rated voltage. The disturbance can occur within a second, but the restoration process can take several hours. In order to enhance the power quality of the grid, it is essential to regulate reactive power. The objective of this study is to utilise a D-STATCOM for the correction of voltage by connecting it in parallel to the bus connection point between the grid and the loads. Modelling and simulation studies have been conducted to investigate the contribution of D-STATCOM with PI (proportional-integral) or PR (proportional resonance) controllers to the system in response to various fault scenarios that cause voltage sags by commissioning various loads at low voltage (0.4 kV). The simulation of both models was conducted using the PSCAD/EMTDC program. The performance of both controllers is evaluated through a comparison with the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation program. The results demonstrate that the D-STATCOM responds to short-term voltage sags caused by a fault or other system disturbances with a high degree of efficiency, rapidly restoring the bus voltage to a level close to the nominal value. This effectively mitigates the potential disruptions associated with voltage collapse. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that D-STATCOMs employing PI and PR controllers exhibit a combination of advantages and limitations in their performance.

Keywords

• D-Statcom
• PI controller
• PR controller
• SPWM
• voltage sag

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