An Effective Approach for Potato Leaf Disease Classification Using Deep Learning

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 483 - 492, 31.12.2025

Şükrü Aykat

https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1776532

https://izlik.org/JA44KK24PZ

Abstract

This study comparatively investigates the performance of deep learning and hybrid approaches for the detection and classification of potato leaf diseases (early blight, late blight, and healthy). In the first stage, direct image classification was performed using pre-trained deep learning models DenseNet201, ResNet50V2, VGG16, and Xception. Of these models, the VGG16 model achieved the highest accuracy. In the second stage, the same deep learning models were used as feature extractors, and the resulting features were classified using traditional machine learning algorithms, SVM, KNN, RF, and XGB. These hybrid approaches provided a significant increase in classification performance. The findings revealed that DenseNet201's combination of SVM and XGB exhibited superior performance with an overall accuracy rate of 99.31%. These results demonstrate that the powerful feature extraction capabilities of deep learning architectures, combined with the effective classification power of traditional machine learning algorithms, provide higher accuracy and reliability compared to the direct deep learning approach. The study highlights the potential of hybrid approaches, particularly for applications such as agricultural image processing and plant disease detection.

Keywords

potato leaf disease , agriculture , machine learning , deep learning

Derin Öğrenme Kullanılarak Patates Yaprak Hastalığının Sınıflandırılması İçin Etkili Bir Yaklaşım

https://izlik.org/JA44KK24PZ

Abstract

Bu çalışma, patates yaprak hastalıklarının (erken yanıklık, geç yanıklık ve sağlıklı) tespiti ve sınıflandırılmasında derin öğrenme ve hibrit yaklaşımların performansını karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektedir. İlk aşamada, önceden eğitilmiş derin öğrenme modelleri DenseNet201, ResNet50V2, VGG16 ve Xception kullanılarak doğrudan görüntü sınıflandırması yapılmıştır. Bu modeller arasında VGG16 modeli en yüksek doğruluğu elde etmiştir. İkinci aşamada, aynı derin öğrenme modelleri özellik çıkarıcı olarak kullanılmış ve elde edilen özellikler geleneksel makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları olan SVM, KNN, RF ve XGB kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu hibrit yaklaşımlar sınıflandırma performansında önemli bir artış sağlamıştır. Bulgular, DenseNet201'in SVM ve XGB kombinasyonunun %99,31'lik genel bir doğruluk oranıyla üstün bir performans sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu sonuçlar, derin öğrenme mimarilerinin güçlü özellik çıkarma yeteneklerinin, geleneksel makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarının etkili sınıflandırma gücüyle birleştiğinde, doğrudan derin öğrenme yaklaşımına kıyasla daha yüksek doğruluk ve güvenilirlik sağladığını göstermektedir. Çalışma, özellikle tarımsal görüntü işleme ve bitki hastalığı tespiti gibi uygulamalar için hibrit yaklaşımların potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Patates yaprağı hastalığı , tarım , derin öğrenme , makine öğrenimi

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