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Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 138 - 143, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.867294

Abstract

References

  • S. Grönroos, K. Nybom, J. Björkqvist, J. Hallio, J. Auranen and R. Ekman. "Distributed spectrum sensing using low cost hardware." Journal of Signal Processing Systems. 83:1, 2016, pp.5-17.
  • M. S. Melo, G. R. Arroyave, and J. A. Quijano. "Spectrum Occupation Assessment in Bogota and Opportunities for Cognitive Radio Systems." IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), 10-14 September, Cartagena des Indias, Colombia, 2018, pp. 932-935.
  • F. Kiftaro, M. El-Tarhuni and K. Assaleh. "UHF Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in Sharjah-UAE." 9th IEEE-GCC Conference and Exhibition (GCCCE), 8-11 May, Sharjah, U.A.E, 2017, pp. 1-5.
  • H. Maloku, Z. L. Fazliu, M. Ibrani, A. Mekuli, E. Sela and M. Rajarajan. "Measurement of Frequency Occupancy Levels in TV Bands in Urban Environment in Kosovo." 18th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), 31 October. -2 November, Prishtina, Kosovo, 2018, pp. 268-271.
  • C. Kurnaz, Z. Albayrak. "Measuring and evaluating TV white spaces in Samsun, Turkey." Journal of New Results in Science, 5, 2016, pp. 139-148.
  • E. Wiles, K. Negus. "Long-term Spectrum Monitoring and Occupancy from 174 to 1000 MHz in Rural Western Montana." 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 9-13 April, Butte, USA, 2018, pp. 1-5.
  • J. Popoola, U. Otuu. "Assessment of radio spectrum profile in Nigeria using multi-band and multi-location radio spectrum occupancy measurements." Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 19 (4) , 2018, pp.948-962.
  • I. Şeflek, E. Yaldız. "Spectrum occupancy measurements at University Campus in Turkey." International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 5 (1), 2017, pp.1-6.
  • A. Abdou, O. Najajri and A. Jamoos. "Developing a Secondary Mobile Network in the Palestinian GSM Band Using Cognitive Radio." 2017 IEEE Jordan Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT), 11-13 October, Jerusalem, Palestine, 2017.
  • B. K. Engiz, Y. A. Rajab. "Investigation of Spectrum Occupancy in GSM Band in Samsun, Turkey." 6th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE), Istanbul, Turkey, 2010, pp. 158-161.
  • S. D. Barnes, P. A. Jansen van Vuuren and B. T. Maharaj. "Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa." Measurement, vol. 46, no. 9, 2013, pp. 3098- 3112.
  • G. Ayugi, A. Kisolo and T. W. Ireeta. "Telecommunication frequency band spectrum occupancy in Kampala Uganda. " International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, (4), 2015, pp.390-396.
  • M. López-Benítez, A. Umbert and F. Casadevall. "Evaluation of Spectrum Occupancy in Spain for Cognitive Radio Applications." IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference, 26-29 April, Barcelona, Spain, 2009, pp.1-5.
  • J. Xue, Z. Feng and P. Zhang. "Spectrum occupancy measurements and analysis in Beijing. " IERI Procedia, (4), 2013, pp.295–302.
  • D. A. Ramirez, M. Cardenas-Juarez, U. Pineda-Rico, A. Arce and E. Stevens-Navarro. "Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in the Sub-6 GHz Band for Smart Spectrum Applications." IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM), 14-16 November, Mexico, 2018, pp. 1-6.
  • N. Khoja, S. Anpat, V. Kale, P. Gadiya, S. Suryawanshi, M. Naikwadi and K. Patil. "Opportunistic Spectrum Access Measurements and Analysis in Urban Area for a Better Cognitive Approach." 2017 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), 17-18 August, Pune, India, 2017, pp.1-6.
  • V. Valenta, R. Marsalek, G. Baudoin, M. Villegas, M. Suarez and F. Robert. "Survey on Spectrum Utilization in Europe: Measurements, Analyses and Observations." 2010 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications, June 9–11, Cannes, 2010, pp.1-5.

Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in Cellular Frequency Band in Samsun

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 138 - 143, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.867294

Abstract

In this study, available spectrum parts in GSM900, LTE800, LTE900, GSM1800, LTE1800, UMTS2100 and LTE2600 were determined. The measurement campaigns were performed at 115 different locations in Samsun city center at the most active time of a day using RF Explorer 6G Combo analyzer device. The spectrum utilization rates were determined using energy detection technique (EDT), and average spectrum occupancy technique (ASOT). The thresholds were chosen manually as -40, -45, -50, -55, -60, -65, -70, -75 dBm, and as 10-dB above the noise floor, as recommended by International Telecommunication Union (ITU), and spectrum utilization was evaluated through EDT and ASOT. Obtained results show that at most of the measurement locations spectrum occupancy percentages calculated via EDT and ASOT very close to each other. Based on the results UMTS2100 band showed the highest average spectrum occupancy i.e. 33.91% and the overall average spectrum occupancy rate was found to 22.72%. Additionally, at 50% of the measurement locations occupancy percentage was below 33% for all services. The average occupancy over GSM900 band was between 0,87% - 66.61% according to the predetermined threshold. It was also found that the bands LTE1800 and LTE2600 were mostly occupied for the thresholds below -60 dBm whereas the measured spectrum was mostly vacant for -40 dBm. This led us to infer that there is a great potential for share some of UHF band for cognitive radio applications and future 5G systems.

References

  • S. Grönroos, K. Nybom, J. Björkqvist, J. Hallio, J. Auranen and R. Ekman. "Distributed spectrum sensing using low cost hardware." Journal of Signal Processing Systems. 83:1, 2016, pp.5-17.
  • M. S. Melo, G. R. Arroyave, and J. A. Quijano. "Spectrum Occupation Assessment in Bogota and Opportunities for Cognitive Radio Systems." IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), 10-14 September, Cartagena des Indias, Colombia, 2018, pp. 932-935.
  • F. Kiftaro, M. El-Tarhuni and K. Assaleh. "UHF Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in Sharjah-UAE." 9th IEEE-GCC Conference and Exhibition (GCCCE), 8-11 May, Sharjah, U.A.E, 2017, pp. 1-5.
  • H. Maloku, Z. L. Fazliu, M. Ibrani, A. Mekuli, E. Sela and M. Rajarajan. "Measurement of Frequency Occupancy Levels in TV Bands in Urban Environment in Kosovo." 18th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), 31 October. -2 November, Prishtina, Kosovo, 2018, pp. 268-271.
  • C. Kurnaz, Z. Albayrak. "Measuring and evaluating TV white spaces in Samsun, Turkey." Journal of New Results in Science, 5, 2016, pp. 139-148.
  • E. Wiles, K. Negus. "Long-term Spectrum Monitoring and Occupancy from 174 to 1000 MHz in Rural Western Montana." 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 9-13 April, Butte, USA, 2018, pp. 1-5.
  • J. Popoola, U. Otuu. "Assessment of radio spectrum profile in Nigeria using multi-band and multi-location radio spectrum occupancy measurements." Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 19 (4) , 2018, pp.948-962.
  • I. Şeflek, E. Yaldız. "Spectrum occupancy measurements at University Campus in Turkey." International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 5 (1), 2017, pp.1-6.
  • A. Abdou, O. Najajri and A. Jamoos. "Developing a Secondary Mobile Network in the Palestinian GSM Band Using Cognitive Radio." 2017 IEEE Jordan Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT), 11-13 October, Jerusalem, Palestine, 2017.
  • B. K. Engiz, Y. A. Rajab. "Investigation of Spectrum Occupancy in GSM Band in Samsun, Turkey." 6th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE), Istanbul, Turkey, 2010, pp. 158-161.
  • S. D. Barnes, P. A. Jansen van Vuuren and B. T. Maharaj. "Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa." Measurement, vol. 46, no. 9, 2013, pp. 3098- 3112.
  • G. Ayugi, A. Kisolo and T. W. Ireeta. "Telecommunication frequency band spectrum occupancy in Kampala Uganda. " International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, (4), 2015, pp.390-396.
  • M. López-Benítez, A. Umbert and F. Casadevall. "Evaluation of Spectrum Occupancy in Spain for Cognitive Radio Applications." IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference, 26-29 April, Barcelona, Spain, 2009, pp.1-5.
  • J. Xue, Z. Feng and P. Zhang. "Spectrum occupancy measurements and analysis in Beijing. " IERI Procedia, (4), 2013, pp.295–302.
  • D. A. Ramirez, M. Cardenas-Juarez, U. Pineda-Rico, A. Arce and E. Stevens-Navarro. "Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in the Sub-6 GHz Band for Smart Spectrum Applications." IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM), 14-16 November, Mexico, 2018, pp. 1-6.
  • N. Khoja, S. Anpat, V. Kale, P. Gadiya, S. Suryawanshi, M. Naikwadi and K. Patil. "Opportunistic Spectrum Access Measurements and Analysis in Urban Area for a Better Cognitive Approach." 2017 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), 17-18 August, Pune, India, 2017, pp.1-6.
  • V. Valenta, R. Marsalek, G. Baudoin, M. Villegas, M. Suarez and F. Robert. "Survey on Spectrum Utilization in Europe: Measurements, Analyses and Observations." 2010 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications, June 9–11, Cannes, 2010, pp.1-5.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Engineering
Journal Section Araştırma Articlessi
Authors

Begüm Korunur Engiz 0000-0002-3905-1791

Yousif Ali Rajab Rajab 0000-0002-8186-3742

Publication Date April 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Korunur Engiz, B., & Rajab, Y. A. R. (2021). Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in Cellular Frequency Band in Samsun. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 9(2), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.867294

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