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Space Power Block Coding (SPBC): A Novel 6G Method for Providing High Throughput and Ultra-Reliability for Processing-limited Receivers

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 112 - 118, 30.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1478007

Abstract

In this work, we introduce a new transmission method inspired by space-time block-coding (STBC) with or-thogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to jointly improve spectral efficiency and reliability, while reducing receiver complexity, which is deemed as a critical requirement for processing-limited IoT devices. The newly developed transmission method, coined as space-power block-coding (SPBC), utilizes the superposition of specially precoded data streams to be trans-mitted to serve a single end-receiving device with two antennas, while keeping the receiver structure unchanged, thus making it compatible with any current or future modern smart end-devices. The proposed scheme objectives are to improve spectral efficiency, increase the link throughput, and enhance reliability for a single OFDM-based receiver. In particular, the user data streams are superimposed with intelligently designed pre-coders intending to cancel the intentionally introduced interference at the transmitter as well as the channel impact and effect at the receiver, while ensuring that the reception process is much simpler and way less complex. Moreover, we analyze the obtained comparative simulation results, where it is found that the performance of the proposed design is significantly higher than that of its conventional counterparts.

References

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  • [2] M. Vaezi, A. Azari, S. R. Khosravirad, M. Shirvanimoghaddam, M. M. Azari, D. Chasaki, and P. Popovski, “Cellular, wide-area, and nonterrestrial IoT: A survey on 5G advances and the road towards 6G,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2022.
  • [3] S. M. Alamouti, “A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications,” IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1451–1458, 1998.
  • [4] Y. Zhao, R. Adve, and T. J. Lim, “Precoding of orthogonal STBC with channel covariance feedback for minimum error probability,” in 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No. 04TH8754), vol. 1. IEEE, 2004, pp. 503–507.
  • [5] C.-K. Sung, I. Lee, and B. D. Choi, “An improved hybrid STBC scheme with precoding and decision feedback detection,” in IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004, vol. 2. IEEE, 2004, pp. 1328–1332.
  • [6] M. Vu and A. Paulraj, “Linear precoding for MIMO wireless correlated channels with non-zero means: K factor analysis, extension to nonorthogonal STBC,” in Proceedings.(ICASSP’05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005., vol. 3. IEEE, 2005, pp. iii–1113.
  • [7] C. Meng and J. Tuqan, “PRECODED STBC-VBLAST for MIMO wireless communication systems,” in 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing-ICASSP’07, vol. 3. IEEE, 2007, pp. III–337.
  • [8] H.-J. An, J.-H. Kim, and H.-K. Song, “Cooperative transmission scheme to increase gain by using STBC,” Eng. Lett., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 135–139, 2007.
  • [9] Y.-H. Chung and S.-M. Phoong, “Unitary precoders for ST-OFDM systems using alamouti STBC,” IEEE Transactions on circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 2860–2869, 2008.
  • [10] R. Ran, J. Yang, and D. Kim, “Multimode precoder design for STBC with limited feedback in MIMO based wireless communication system,” IEICE electronics express, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 173–179, 2009.
  • [11] I. Baig, V. Jeoti, and M. Drieberg, “A ZCMT precoding based STBC MIMO-OFDM system with reduced PAPR,” in 2011 National Postgraduate Conference. IEEE, 2011, pp. 1–5.
  • [12] J. Yang, Z. Zhang, Z. Jiang, X. Jiang, and M. He, “Study on joint-coding based on pre-coding and STBC in coordinated multi-point system,” in 2012 Spring Congress on Engineering and Technology. IEEE, 2012, pp. 1–4.
  • [13] J.-H. Deng, S.-C. Jhan, and S.-Y. Huang, “A low complexity precoding transceiver design for double STBC system,” IEICE transactions on communications, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 1075–1080, 2013.
  • [14] T. Y. Elganimi and A. A. Elghariani, “Space-time block coded spatial modulation aided mmWave MIMO with hybrid precoding,” in 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2018, pp. 1–6.
  • [15] M. F. Khan, D. Pesch, A. Iqbal, S. Iqbal, and J. M. Hamamreh, “A novel multi-user space-time block coding based superposition transmission for future generation wireless networks,” in 2023 IEEE 97th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2023-Spring), 2023, pp. 1–7.
  • [16] S. Iqbal and J. M. Hamamreh, “Modified MU-STBC with Round Transmission for Improving the Date Rate and Reliability of Future 6g and Beyond Wireless Networks,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 3, no. 8, may 31 2023, https://rsojict. pubpub.org/pub/ev4icpzz.
  • [17] J. P. Lemayian and J. M. Hamamreh, “Hybrid MIMO: a new transmission method for simultaneously achieving spatial multiplexing and diversity gains in MIMO systems,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 4, 2021.
  • [18] ——, “Physical layer security analysis of hybrid MIMO technology,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 5, p. 8, 2021.
  • [19] M. F. Zia, H. M. Furqan, and J. M. Hamamreh, “Multi-cell, Multi-user, and Multi-carrier Secure Communication Using Non-Orthogonal Signals’ Superposition with Dual-Transmission for IoT in 6g and Beyond,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 3, apr 6 2021, https://rs-ojict.pubpub.org/pub/om0x27nx.
  • [20] M. F. Zia and J. M. Hamamreh, “An advanced non-orthogonal multiple access security technique for future wireless communication networks,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 1, no. 2, 2020.
  • [21] S. Iqbal and J. M. Hamamreh, “Precoded universal mimo superposition transmission for achieving optimal coverage and high throughput in 6g and beyond networks,” Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 25ˆaC“34, 2023.
  • [22] H. M. Furqan, J. Hamamreh, H. Arslan et al., “Physical layer security for noma: Requirements, merits, challenges, and recommendations,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.05064, 2019.
  • [23] J. M. Hamamreh, E. Guvenkaya, T. Baykas, and H. Arslan, “A practical physical-layer security method for precoded OSTBC-based systems,” in 2016 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. IEEE, 2016, pp. 1–6.
  • [24] M. A. Res¸at, M. C. Karakoc¸, and S. O¨ zyurt, “Improving physical layer security in alamouti OFDM systems with subcarrier coordinate interleaving,” IET Communications, vol. 14, no. 16, pp. 2687–2693, 2020.
  • [25] E. Okamoto, “A chaos MIMO transmission scheme for channel coding and physical-layer security,” IEICE transactions on communications, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 1384–1392, 2012.
Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 112 - 118, 30.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1478007

Abstract

References

  • [1] M. Noor-A-Rahim, Z. Liu, H. Lee, M. O. Khyam, J. He, D. Pesch, K. Moessner, W. Saad, and H. V. Poor, “6G for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications: Enabling technologies, challenges, and opportunities,” Proceedings of the IEEE, 2022.
  • [2] M. Vaezi, A. Azari, S. R. Khosravirad, M. Shirvanimoghaddam, M. M. Azari, D. Chasaki, and P. Popovski, “Cellular, wide-area, and nonterrestrial IoT: A survey on 5G advances and the road towards 6G,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2022.
  • [3] S. M. Alamouti, “A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications,” IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1451–1458, 1998.
  • [4] Y. Zhao, R. Adve, and T. J. Lim, “Precoding of orthogonal STBC with channel covariance feedback for minimum error probability,” in 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No. 04TH8754), vol. 1. IEEE, 2004, pp. 503–507.
  • [5] C.-K. Sung, I. Lee, and B. D. Choi, “An improved hybrid STBC scheme with precoding and decision feedback detection,” in IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004, vol. 2. IEEE, 2004, pp. 1328–1332.
  • [6] M. Vu and A. Paulraj, “Linear precoding for MIMO wireless correlated channels with non-zero means: K factor analysis, extension to nonorthogonal STBC,” in Proceedings.(ICASSP’05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005., vol. 3. IEEE, 2005, pp. iii–1113.
  • [7] C. Meng and J. Tuqan, “PRECODED STBC-VBLAST for MIMO wireless communication systems,” in 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing-ICASSP’07, vol. 3. IEEE, 2007, pp. III–337.
  • [8] H.-J. An, J.-H. Kim, and H.-K. Song, “Cooperative transmission scheme to increase gain by using STBC,” Eng. Lett., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 135–139, 2007.
  • [9] Y.-H. Chung and S.-M. Phoong, “Unitary precoders for ST-OFDM systems using alamouti STBC,” IEEE Transactions on circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 2860–2869, 2008.
  • [10] R. Ran, J. Yang, and D. Kim, “Multimode precoder design for STBC with limited feedback in MIMO based wireless communication system,” IEICE electronics express, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 173–179, 2009.
  • [11] I. Baig, V. Jeoti, and M. Drieberg, “A ZCMT precoding based STBC MIMO-OFDM system with reduced PAPR,” in 2011 National Postgraduate Conference. IEEE, 2011, pp. 1–5.
  • [12] J. Yang, Z. Zhang, Z. Jiang, X. Jiang, and M. He, “Study on joint-coding based on pre-coding and STBC in coordinated multi-point system,” in 2012 Spring Congress on Engineering and Technology. IEEE, 2012, pp. 1–4.
  • [13] J.-H. Deng, S.-C. Jhan, and S.-Y. Huang, “A low complexity precoding transceiver design for double STBC system,” IEICE transactions on communications, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 1075–1080, 2013.
  • [14] T. Y. Elganimi and A. A. Elghariani, “Space-time block coded spatial modulation aided mmWave MIMO with hybrid precoding,” in 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2018, pp. 1–6.
  • [15] M. F. Khan, D. Pesch, A. Iqbal, S. Iqbal, and J. M. Hamamreh, “A novel multi-user space-time block coding based superposition transmission for future generation wireless networks,” in 2023 IEEE 97th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2023-Spring), 2023, pp. 1–7.
  • [16] S. Iqbal and J. M. Hamamreh, “Modified MU-STBC with Round Transmission for Improving the Date Rate and Reliability of Future 6g and Beyond Wireless Networks,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 3, no. 8, may 31 2023, https://rsojict. pubpub.org/pub/ev4icpzz.
  • [17] J. P. Lemayian and J. M. Hamamreh, “Hybrid MIMO: a new transmission method for simultaneously achieving spatial multiplexing and diversity gains in MIMO systems,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 4, 2021.
  • [18] ——, “Physical layer security analysis of hybrid MIMO technology,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 5, p. 8, 2021.
  • [19] M. F. Zia, H. M. Furqan, and J. M. Hamamreh, “Multi-cell, Multi-user, and Multi-carrier Secure Communication Using Non-Orthogonal Signals’ Superposition with Dual-Transmission for IoT in 6g and Beyond,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 2, no. 3, apr 6 2021, https://rs-ojict.pubpub.org/pub/om0x27nx.
  • [20] M. F. Zia and J. M. Hamamreh, “An advanced non-orthogonal multiple access security technique for future wireless communication networks,” RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies, vol. 1, no. 2, 2020.
  • [21] S. Iqbal and J. M. Hamamreh, “Precoded universal mimo superposition transmission for achieving optimal coverage and high throughput in 6g and beyond networks,” Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 25ˆaC“34, 2023.
  • [22] H. M. Furqan, J. Hamamreh, H. Arslan et al., “Physical layer security for noma: Requirements, merits, challenges, and recommendations,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.05064, 2019.
  • [23] J. M. Hamamreh, E. Guvenkaya, T. Baykas, and H. Arslan, “A practical physical-layer security method for precoded OSTBC-based systems,” in 2016 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. IEEE, 2016, pp. 1–6.
  • [24] M. A. Res¸at, M. C. Karakoc¸, and S. O¨ zyurt, “Improving physical layer security in alamouti OFDM systems with subcarrier coordinate interleaving,” IET Communications, vol. 14, no. 16, pp. 2687–2693, 2020.
  • [25] E. Okamoto, “A chaos MIMO transmission scheme for channel coding and physical-layer security,” IEICE transactions on communications, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 1384–1392, 2012.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Articlessi
Authors

Jehad M. Hamamreh 0000-0003-4435-5500

Early Pub Date May 20, 2025
Publication Date March 30, 2025
Submission Date May 3, 2024
Acceptance Date January 16, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Hamamreh, J. M. (2025). Space Power Block Coding (SPBC): A Novel 6G Method for Providing High Throughput and Ultra-Reliability for Processing-limited Receivers. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 13(1), 112-118. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1478007

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