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THE EFFECT OF DIGITALISATION OF LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES OF MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 153 - 173, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.46452/baksoder.1702637

Abstract

Industry 4.0 and digitalisation have brought about radical transformations in the logistics activities of manufacturing enterprises. This study analyses the effects of digitalisation of logistics activities (Logistics 4.0) on business performance in manufacturing industrial enterprises in Turkey. In the study, the impact of logistics digitalisation on six performance dimensions: production and innovation, promotion and marketing, finance, logistics, management and environmental performance. Survey method was used as a data collection tool and data were obtained from 412 industrial enterprises. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that Logistics 4.0 applications have statistically significant and positive effects on all performance dimensions. According to the findings, digitalisation accelerates production and innovation processes, increases marketing effectiveness, improves financial efficiency and strengthens logistics service quality. At the same time, transparency and data-driven decision-making competencies increase in management processes, while environmental performance also improves thanks to digital solutions. In this context, the study aims to guide both businesses and policy makers in shaping digital transformation strategies. In addition, as a result of the study, it has been observed that digitalisation provides significant contributions in terms of sustainability and corporate competencies beyond providing competitive advantage.

References

  • Akandere, G. (2021). Dijitalleşme Düzeyi ve Yeşil Lojistik Uygulamalarının Lojistik Performansa Etkisi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 11(4), 1979-2000.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yıldırım, E. (2012). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Geliştirilmiş 7. Basım, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Ashfaq, A., Nadeem, F., Qasim, I., Kamran, L., & Asim, J. (2024). Leveraging Digitalization and Servitization to Improve Financial Performance: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Policy Research, 10(2), 75–89. DOI:10.61506/02.00209.
  • Ardakani, M. M., Ansari, A., Rasouli Kia, M., Mousavion, S. A., & Pourhashem, S. O. (2024). The Effect of the Adoption of E-Commerce and Digital Marketing on the Firm and Sustainability Performance of Companies. Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Support Systems, 11(1).
  • Bagozzi, R. P. & Yi, Y. (1988). On The Evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
  • Barreto, L., Amaral, A., & Pereira, T. (2017). Industry 4.0 Implications in Logistics: An Overview. Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1245–1252.
  • Bilgiç, E., Türkmenoğlu, M. A., & Koçak, A. (2020). Dijitalleşmenin Lojistik Yönetimi Bağlamında İncelenmesi. BEÜ İİBF Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 5(1), 56–69.
  • Cengiz, Ö. (2020). Lojistik İş Süreçlerinin Dijital Dönüşümü: Lojistik 4.0 Uygulamalarında Türkiye'de Mevcut Durum. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kars.
  • Chernenko, I., & Zemzyulina, V. (2024). Industry 4.0 Digital Skills and Performance In Manufacturing: The Impact of Heterogeneous Contexts. Economic And Social Development: Book of Proceedings (INPROFORUM 2024), 1(1), 68–76.
  • Çallı, B. A., & Çallı, L. (2021). Relationships Between Digital Maturity, Organizational Agility, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation on SMEs. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 486-502. Çıkmak, S., & Yazgan, H. İ. (2023). Lojistik Sektöründe Endüstri 4.0 Teknolojilerinin Önündeki Engellerin Bulanık Delphi Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(88), 2065–2086.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2014). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Spss ve Lisrel Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dallasega, P., Woschank, M., Sarkis, J., & Tippayawong, K. Y. (2022). Logistics 4.0 Measurement Model: Empirical Validation Based on An International Survey. Industrial management & data systems, 122(5), 1384-1409.
  • Eller, R., Alford, P., Kallmünzer, A., & Peters, M. (2020). Antecedents, Consequences, and Challenges of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Digitalization. Journal of Business Research, 112, 136-146.
  • Eremina, Y., Lace, N., & Bistrova, J. (2019). Digital Maturity and Corporate Performance: The Case of The Baltic States. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 5(3), 54.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models With Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Gökçen, M. Y., & Çetin, S. (2022). Yenilikçi İş Davranışının İş Performansına Etkisi. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 174-188.
  • Hair, J. Joseph F., Ralf E. Anderson, Ronald L. Tatham & William C. B. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc
  • Jung, S., & Shegai, V. (2023). Digital Marketing Innovation and Firm Performance. Sustainability, 15(19), 15324. DOI:10.3390/su151915324.
  • Karagöz, B., & Doyduk, H. B. B. (2020). Lojistik 4.0 Uygulamaları ve Lojistik Firmalarının Bakış Açısı. İnsan ve İnsan, 7(23), 37-51.
  • Küçük, O., Dengel, D. & Çeven, S. (2019). “İşletme Performansı Ölçeği” Geliştirme Çalışması: Bir Alan Araştırması. Uluslararası Erciyes Bilimsel Araştırmalar Kongresi Tam Metin Kitabı, 583-594.
  • Martín-Peña, M. L., Sánchez-López, J. M., & Díaz-Garrido, E. (2019). Servitization and Digitalization in Manufacturing: The Influence on Firm Performance. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 34(3), 615-627.
  • Mutambik, I. (2024). Digital Transformation as a Driver of Sustainability Performance — A Study from Freight and Logistics Industry. Sustainability, 16(10), 4310.
  • Niemand, T., Rigtering, J. P. C., Kallmünzer, A., Kraus, S., & Maalaoui, A. (2021). Digitalization in The Financial Industry: A Contingency Approach of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Strategic Vision on Digitalization. European Management Journal, 39(3), 317-327.
  • Sarbu, M. (2020). The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Innovation Performance: Insights from German Manufacturing and Service Firms. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3610952.
  • Saqib, Z. A., & Qin, L. (2024). Investigating Effects of Digital Innovations on Sustainable Operations of Logistics: An Empirical Study. Sustainability, 16(13), 5518.
  • Turgut, M., & Canıtez, M. (2024). Uluslararası Ticarette Dijital Dönüşüm ve Lojistik Performans: Bir Model Önerisi. Journal of Economics and Administrative Approaches, 2(2), 1–20.
  • Ul Haq, I., & Huo, C. (2023). Digital Strategy and Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Digitalization in SMEs. Digital Economy and Sustainable Development, 1, Article 9. DOI:10.1007/s44265-023-00010-5.
  • Wang, Z., Gao, L., & Wang, W. (2025). The Impact Of Supply Chain Digitization and Logistics Efficiency on The Competitiveness of Industrial Enterprises. International Review of Economics & Finance, 97, 103759. DOI:10.1016/j.iref.2024.103759.
  • Winata, R. K., & Sukarno, S. (2024). Literature Review on Digitalization and Financial Performance. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.4930671.
  • Xie, X., Zhu, H., & Zhao, J. (2024). How Effective Is Digital Transformation? Heterogeneous Insights From Listed Companies’ ESG Performance. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, Article 1534.
  • Xu, A., Qian, F., Ding, H., & Zhang, X. (2023). Digitalization of Logistics For Transition To A Resource-Efficient and Circular Economy. Resources Policy, 83, 103616.
  • Xu, L., Xu, E., & Li, L. (2018). Industry 4.0: State of The Art and Future Trends. International Journal of Production Research, 56(8), 2941–2962.

ÜRETİM YAPAN İŞLETMELERİN LOJİSTİK FAALİYETLERİNİN DİJİTALLEŞMESİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 153 - 173, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.46452/baksoder.1702637

Abstract

Endüstri 4.0 ve dijitalleşme, üretim işletmelerinin lojistik faaliyetlerinde köklü dönüşümler meydana getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki üretim yapan sanayi işletmelerinde lojistik faaliyetlerin dijitalleşmesinin (Lojistik 4.0) işletme performansı üzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada, lojistik dijitalleşmenin altı performans boyutu üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir: üretim ve inovasyon, tanıtım ve pazarlama, finans, lojistik, yönetim ve çevre performansı. Veri toplama aracı olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmış ve 412 sanayi işletmesinden veriler elde edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda, Lojistik 4.0 uygulamalarının tüm performans boyutları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkiler yarattığı tespit edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre dijitalleşme, üretim ve inovasyon süreçlerini hızlandırmakta, pazarlama etkinliğini artırmakta, finansal verimliliği iyileştirmekte ve lojistik hizmet kalitesini güçlendirmektedir. Aynı zamanda yönetim süreçlerinde şeffaflık ve veri odaklı karar alma yetkinlikleri artarken, çevresel performans da dijital çözümler sayesinde gelişmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın hem işletmelere hem politika yapıcılara dijital dönüşüm stratejilerini şekillendirmede rehberlik etmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmanın sonucunda, dijitalleşmenin rekabet avantajı sağlamanın ötesinde sürdürülebilirlik ve kurumsal yetkinlikler açısından da önemli katkılar sunduğu görülmüştür.

References

  • Akandere, G. (2021). Dijitalleşme Düzeyi ve Yeşil Lojistik Uygulamalarının Lojistik Performansa Etkisi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 11(4), 1979-2000.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yıldırım, E. (2012). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Geliştirilmiş 7. Basım, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Ashfaq, A., Nadeem, F., Qasim, I., Kamran, L., & Asim, J. (2024). Leveraging Digitalization and Servitization to Improve Financial Performance: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Policy Research, 10(2), 75–89. DOI:10.61506/02.00209.
  • Ardakani, M. M., Ansari, A., Rasouli Kia, M., Mousavion, S. A., & Pourhashem, S. O. (2024). The Effect of the Adoption of E-Commerce and Digital Marketing on the Firm and Sustainability Performance of Companies. Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Support Systems, 11(1).
  • Bagozzi, R. P. & Yi, Y. (1988). On The Evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
  • Barreto, L., Amaral, A., & Pereira, T. (2017). Industry 4.0 Implications in Logistics: An Overview. Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1245–1252.
  • Bilgiç, E., Türkmenoğlu, M. A., & Koçak, A. (2020). Dijitalleşmenin Lojistik Yönetimi Bağlamında İncelenmesi. BEÜ İİBF Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 5(1), 56–69.
  • Cengiz, Ö. (2020). Lojistik İş Süreçlerinin Dijital Dönüşümü: Lojistik 4.0 Uygulamalarında Türkiye'de Mevcut Durum. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kars.
  • Chernenko, I., & Zemzyulina, V. (2024). Industry 4.0 Digital Skills and Performance In Manufacturing: The Impact of Heterogeneous Contexts. Economic And Social Development: Book of Proceedings (INPROFORUM 2024), 1(1), 68–76.
  • Çallı, B. A., & Çallı, L. (2021). Relationships Between Digital Maturity, Organizational Agility, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation on SMEs. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 486-502. Çıkmak, S., & Yazgan, H. İ. (2023). Lojistik Sektöründe Endüstri 4.0 Teknolojilerinin Önündeki Engellerin Bulanık Delphi Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(88), 2065–2086.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2014). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Spss ve Lisrel Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dallasega, P., Woschank, M., Sarkis, J., & Tippayawong, K. Y. (2022). Logistics 4.0 Measurement Model: Empirical Validation Based on An International Survey. Industrial management & data systems, 122(5), 1384-1409.
  • Eller, R., Alford, P., Kallmünzer, A., & Peters, M. (2020). Antecedents, Consequences, and Challenges of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Digitalization. Journal of Business Research, 112, 136-146.
  • Eremina, Y., Lace, N., & Bistrova, J. (2019). Digital Maturity and Corporate Performance: The Case of The Baltic States. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 5(3), 54.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models With Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Gökçen, M. Y., & Çetin, S. (2022). Yenilikçi İş Davranışının İş Performansına Etkisi. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 174-188.
  • Hair, J. Joseph F., Ralf E. Anderson, Ronald L. Tatham & William C. B. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc
  • Jung, S., & Shegai, V. (2023). Digital Marketing Innovation and Firm Performance. Sustainability, 15(19), 15324. DOI:10.3390/su151915324.
  • Karagöz, B., & Doyduk, H. B. B. (2020). Lojistik 4.0 Uygulamaları ve Lojistik Firmalarının Bakış Açısı. İnsan ve İnsan, 7(23), 37-51.
  • Küçük, O., Dengel, D. & Çeven, S. (2019). “İşletme Performansı Ölçeği” Geliştirme Çalışması: Bir Alan Araştırması. Uluslararası Erciyes Bilimsel Araştırmalar Kongresi Tam Metin Kitabı, 583-594.
  • Martín-Peña, M. L., Sánchez-López, J. M., & Díaz-Garrido, E. (2019). Servitization and Digitalization in Manufacturing: The Influence on Firm Performance. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 34(3), 615-627.
  • Mutambik, I. (2024). Digital Transformation as a Driver of Sustainability Performance — A Study from Freight and Logistics Industry. Sustainability, 16(10), 4310.
  • Niemand, T., Rigtering, J. P. C., Kallmünzer, A., Kraus, S., & Maalaoui, A. (2021). Digitalization in The Financial Industry: A Contingency Approach of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Strategic Vision on Digitalization. European Management Journal, 39(3), 317-327.
  • Sarbu, M. (2020). The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Innovation Performance: Insights from German Manufacturing and Service Firms. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3610952.
  • Saqib, Z. A., & Qin, L. (2024). Investigating Effects of Digital Innovations on Sustainable Operations of Logistics: An Empirical Study. Sustainability, 16(13), 5518.
  • Turgut, M., & Canıtez, M. (2024). Uluslararası Ticarette Dijital Dönüşüm ve Lojistik Performans: Bir Model Önerisi. Journal of Economics and Administrative Approaches, 2(2), 1–20.
  • Ul Haq, I., & Huo, C. (2023). Digital Strategy and Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Digitalization in SMEs. Digital Economy and Sustainable Development, 1, Article 9. DOI:10.1007/s44265-023-00010-5.
  • Wang, Z., Gao, L., & Wang, W. (2025). The Impact Of Supply Chain Digitization and Logistics Efficiency on The Competitiveness of Industrial Enterprises. International Review of Economics & Finance, 97, 103759. DOI:10.1016/j.iref.2024.103759.
  • Winata, R. K., & Sukarno, S. (2024). Literature Review on Digitalization and Financial Performance. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.4930671.
  • Xie, X., Zhu, H., & Zhao, J. (2024). How Effective Is Digital Transformation? Heterogeneous Insights From Listed Companies’ ESG Performance. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, Article 1534.
  • Xu, A., Qian, F., Ding, H., & Zhang, X. (2023). Digitalization of Logistics For Transition To A Resource-Efficient and Circular Economy. Resources Policy, 83, 103616.
  • Xu, L., Xu, E., & Li, L. (2018). Industry 4.0: State of The Art and Future Trends. International Journal of Production Research, 56(8), 2941–2962.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Logistics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sabahattin Çetin 0000-0001-9686-1806

Kadidja Arke Mohamed 0009-0000-2812-7191

Early Pub Date June 25, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date May 21, 2025
Acceptance Date June 24, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çetin, S., & Mohamed, K. A. (2025). ÜRETİM YAPAN İŞLETMELERİN LOJİSTİK FAALİYETLERİNİN DİJİTALLEŞMESİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ. Uluslararası Batı Karadeniz Sosyal Ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 9(1), 153-173. https://doi.org/10.46452/baksoder.1702637

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