Torasik Cerrahide Perioperatif Pulmoner Rehabilitasyon ve Fiziksel Manipülasyonun Etkinliği: Güncel Bir Derleme

Abstract

Torasik cerrahi girişimler sonrası gelişen pulmoner komplikasyonlar, morbidite, mortalite ve hastanede kalış süresini artıran önemli faktörlerdir. Pulmoner rehabilitasyon, torasik cerrahi hastalarında etkili ve stratejik bir perioperatif müdahaledir. Pulmoner rehabilitasyon; solunum egzersizleri, aerobik ve direnç egzersizleri, hasta eğitimi, erken mobilizasyon ve göğüs fizyoterapisi/manipülatif teknikleri kapsamaktadır. Sistematik derlemeler ve meta-analizler, özellikle düşük fonksiyonel kapasiteli ve yüksek riskli (KOAH'lı, sigara içicisi) hastalarda perioperatif pulmoner rehabilitasyonun etkinliğini desteklemektedir. Literatürde özellikle preoperatif dönemde uygulanan kısa süreli ancak hedeflenmiş pulmoner rehabilitasyon programlarının postoperatif pulmoner komplikasyonları anlamlı ölçüde azalttığını göstermektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, torasik cerrahide perioperatif pulmoner rehabilitasyon ve fiziksel/manipülatif uygulamaların etkinliğine ilişkin güncel literatürü değerlendirmektir.

Keywords

• Torasik cerrahi
• pulmoner rehabilitasyon
• fizyoterapi

Efficacy of Perioperative Pulmonary Rehabilitation And Physical Manipulation in Thoracic Surgery: A Current Review

Abstract

Pulmonary complications developing after thoracic surgical procedures are significant factors that increase morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective and strategic perioperative intervention for thoracic surgery patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation encompasses breathing exercises, aerobic and resistance exercises, patient education, early mobilization, and chest physiotherapy/manipulative techniques. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses support the effectiveness of perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation, particularly in high-risk patients (those with COPD, smokers) and those with low functional capacity. The literature demonstrates that short-term but targeted pulmonary rehabilitation programs, especially when applied in the preoperative period, significantly reduce postoperative pulmonary complications. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current literature regarding the effectiveness of perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation and physical/manipulative interventions in thoracic surgery.

Keywords

• Keywords: Thoracic surgery
• pulmonary rehabilitation
• physiotherapy

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