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Çevrimiçi Hasta Yorumları Üzerinden Özel Hastanelerin Değerlendirilmesi: Bir İçerik Analiz Çalışması

Year 2026, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 18 - 29, 24.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.61830/balkansbd.1848336
https://izlik.org/JA88HD58GX

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, İstanbul’un Avrupa yakasında faaliyet gösteren özel hastaneler hakkında Google yorumlar aracılığı ile paylaşılan hasta şikâyetlerini inceleyerek sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesini değerlendirmek ve hizmet kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen temel sorun alanlarını belirlemektir. Bu doğrultuda, çevrimiçi şikâyetler içeriklerine göre kategorilere ayrılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, nitel yaklaşım çerçevesinde, içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada İstanbul Avrupa yakasında bulunan ve yorumlarına ulaşılabilen 14 özel özel hastanenin Google yorumlar üzerinden yapılan şikayetleri ele alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler sonucunda 573 yorum değerlendirmeye alınarak, Excel programı ile kategoriler oluşturularak, ana tema, alt tema ve 1042 adet şikâyet konuları belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %51’inin kadınlardan oluştuğu ve şikâyetlerin %70’inin doğrudan hastaların kendileri tarafından iletildiği belirlenmiştir. Şikâyetlerin birimlere göre dağılımı incelendiğinde, en fazla şikâyetin %25 oranıyla poliklinik hizmetlerine, klinik hizmetler içerisinde ise %28 oranıyla doğum hizmetlerine yönelik olduğu görülmektedir. İçerik analizi sonucunda, doktorların olumsuz tutum ve davranışları (n=112), yüksek fiyat uygulamaları (n=71) ve uzun bekleme süreleri (n=62) en sık dile getirilen şikâyet konuları arasında yer almaktadır.
Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular, iletişim sorunları, ücretlendirmede şeffaflık eksikliği ve hizmet sunum süreçlerine ilişkin memnuniyetsizliklerin öne çıktığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum, özel sağlık kuruluşlarının özellikle iletişim, fiyat bilgilendirmesi ve randevu ile hizmet süreçlerinin yönetimi konularında daha açık, anlaşılır ve ulaşılabilir politikalar geliştirmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca, sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik hasta iletişimini güçlendirmeyi amaçlayan hizmet içi eğitimlerin artırılmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • Alumran, A., Almutawa, H., Alzain, Z., Althumairi, A., & Khalid, N. (2021). Comparing public and private hospitals’ service quality. Journal of Public Health, 29(4), 839-845.
  • Aytekin, A., Alan, H., Demirel, H., Onur, N., Yalman, A., Livberber, T., & Yiğit-Açıkgöz, F. (2025). Digital health technologies in patient experience literature: A scoping review and future outlook for sustainable digital health interventions. Sustainability, 17(2), 456.
  • Barragry, R. A., Varadkar, L. E., Hanlon, D. K., Bailey, K. F., O’Dowd, T. C., & O’Shea, B. J. (2016). An analytic observational study on complaints management in the general practice out of hours care setting: who complains, why, and what can we do about it? BMC Family Practice, 17(1), 87.
  • Bertakis, K. D., & Azari, R. (2007). Patient gender and physician practice style. Journal of Women's Health, 16(6), 859-868.
  • Bowling, A., Rowe, G., Lambert, N., Waddington, M., Mahtani, K. R., Kenten, C., Howe, A., & Francis, S. A. (2012). The measurement of patients’ expectations for health care: a review and psychometric testing of a measure of patients’ expectations. Health Technology Assessment, 16(30), 1–532.
  • Boyacı, İ. (2024). Dönüşen Türkiye sağlık sisteminde özel hastanelerin yayılımı. Journal of Administrative Sciences, 53, 1017–1037.
  • Dunivin, Z., Zadunayski, L., Baskota, U., Siek, K., & Mankoff, J. (2020). Gender, soft skills, and patient experience in online physician reviews: a large-scale text analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e14455.
  • Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2017). A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 7(3), 93-99.
  • Genç, A., & Kesiroğlu, B. (2025). Türkiye’de farklı hastane türleri ve ödeyiciler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Bir derleme çalışması. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 12(3), 505-514.
  • Hong, Y. A., Liang, C., Radcliff, T. A., Wigfall, L. T., & Street, R. L. (2019). What do patients say about doctors online? A systematic review of studies on patient online reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(4), e12521.
  • Karaağaç, C., Erbay, E., & Esatoğlu, A. E. (2018). Özel hastanelere yapılan çevrimiçi şikâyetlerin içerik analizi ile incelenmesi. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Social Science Institute, 10(24).
  • Kilaru, A. S., Meisel, Z. F., Paciotti, B., Ha, Y. P., Smith, R. J., Ranard, B. L., & Merchant, R. M. (2016). What do patients say about emergency departments in online reviews? A qualitative study. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25(1), 14-24.
  • Kleinheksel, A. J., Rockich-Winston, N., Tawfik, H., & Wyatt, T. R. (2020). Demystifying content analysis. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(1), 7113.
  • Kruse, F. M., Stadhouders, N. W., Adang, E. M., Groenewoud, S., & Jeurissen, P. P. T. (2018). Do private hospitals outperform public hospitals regarding efficiency, accessibility, and quality of care in the European Union? A literature review. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(2), e434.
  • Lin, Y., Hong, Y. A., Henson, B. S., Stevenson, R. D., Hong, S., Lyu, T., & Liang, C. (2020). Assessing patient experience and healthcare quality of dental care using patient online reviews in the United States: mixed methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e18652.
  • Nepal, S., Keniston, A., Indovina, K. A., Frank, M. G., Stella, S. A., Quinzanos-Alonso, I., McBeth, L., Moore, S. L., & Burden, M. (2020). What do patients want? A qualitative analysis of patient, provider, and administrative perceptions. Journal of Patient Experience, 7(6), 1760.
  • Rai, A. (2018). Evaluating the image of healthcare hubs online – a cross-sectional analysis of Google and Facebook reviews of private hospitals. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42, 893-899.
  • Ran, C. J., Guttman, T. N., Khairani, S. K., & Khairani, T. R. (2015). What do patients say about emergency departments in online reviews? A qualitative study. BMJ Quality & Safety, 24(11), 712–718.
  • Rapport, F., Hibbert, P., Baysari, M., Long, J. C., Seah, R., Zheng, W. Y., Jones, C., Preece, K., & Braithwaite, J. (2019). What do patients really want? BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 38.
  • Reader, T. W., Gillespie, A., & Roberts, J. (2014). Patient complaints in healthcare systems: a systematic review and coding taxonomy. BMJ Quality & Safety, 23(8), 678-689.
  • Rivers, P. A., & Glover, S. H. (2008). Health care competition, strategic mission, and patient satisfaction. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 22(6), 627.
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). Özel hastane listesi.
  • Segal, J., Sacopulos, M., Sheets, V., Thurston, I., Brooks, K., & Puccia, R. (2012). Online doctor reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14(2), e50.
  • Setyawan, F. E. B., Supriyanto, S., Ernawaty, E., & Lestari, R. (2020). Understanding patient satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Public Health Research, 9(2), 1823.
  • Thomas, D. R. (2006). A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. American Journal of Evaluation, 27(2), 237–246.
  • Tonsaker, T., Bartlett, G., & Trpkov, C. (2014). Health information on the Internet. Canadian Family Physician, 60(5), 407.
  • Turunen, H., Vaismoradi, M., & Bondas, T. (2013). Content analysis and thematic analysis. Nursing & Health Sciences.
  • Uzun, M., & Ağca, A. T. (2025). Sağlık turizmi yetki belgeli kamu hastanesinde hasta deneyimleri. Turizm ve İşletme Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 177-200.
  • Wang, T., Giunti, G., Melles, M., & Goossens, R. (2022). Digital patient experience. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(8), e37952.
  • Ward, P. R., Rokkas, P., Cenko, C., Pulvirenti, M., Dean, N., Carney, A. S., & Meyer, S. (2017). Waiting in public and private hospitals. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 333.
  • Yaman, Z., & Kavuncu, B. (2020). Özel hastanelere yapılan çevrimiçi şikâyetlerin içerik analizi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 21(2), 282-297.
  • Yıldırım, S. (2025). Hasta ve yakınlarının şikayetlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, (41), 66-85.
  • Zitek, T., Bui, J., Day, C., Ecoff, S., & Patel, B. (2023). Yelp and Google reviews of hospitals. JACEP Open, 4(3), e12913.

Evaluation of Private Hospitals via Online Patient Reviews: A Content Analysis Study

Year 2026, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 18 - 29, 24.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.61830/balkansbd.1848336
https://izlik.org/JA88HD58GX

Abstract

Aim: This research aims to assess the quality of healthcare and determine the primary issues undermining service excellence by conducting a content analysis of patient complaints posted on Google Reviews for private hospitals on Istanbul’s European side. To this end, online complaints were classified into thematic categories and analyzed to pinpoint the core dimensions of service failure.
Methodology: This study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach, employing the content analysis method. The research examined Google reviews and complaints of 14 private hospitals located on the European side of Istanbul whose data were accessible. Based on the collected data, 573 reviews were evaluated, and categories were established using Microsoft Excel. Consequently, main themes, sub-themes, and 1042 specific complaint topics were identified.
Results: It was determined that 51% of the participants were female, and 70% of the complaints were submitted directly by the patients themselves. When the distribution of complaints across departments was examined, the highest number of complaints was related to outpatient services (25%), while within clinical services, maternity services received the most complaints (28%). According to the results of the content analysis, the negative attitudes and behaviors of physicians (n=112), high pricing policies (n=71), and long waiting times (n=62) were among the most frequently reported complaint topics.
Conclusion: The findings reveal that communication issues, a lack of transparency in pricing, and dissatisfaction regarding service delivery processes are the most prominent concerns. This situation indicates that private healthcare institutions need to develop more transparent, understandable, and accessible policies, particularly regarding communication, price disclosure, and the management of appointment and service workflows. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of increasing in-service training programs aimed at strengthening patient-provider communication for healthcare professionals.

References

  • Alumran, A., Almutawa, H., Alzain, Z., Althumairi, A., & Khalid, N. (2021). Comparing public and private hospitals’ service quality. Journal of Public Health, 29(4), 839-845.
  • Aytekin, A., Alan, H., Demirel, H., Onur, N., Yalman, A., Livberber, T., & Yiğit-Açıkgöz, F. (2025). Digital health technologies in patient experience literature: A scoping review and future outlook for sustainable digital health interventions. Sustainability, 17(2), 456.
  • Barragry, R. A., Varadkar, L. E., Hanlon, D. K., Bailey, K. F., O’Dowd, T. C., & O’Shea, B. J. (2016). An analytic observational study on complaints management in the general practice out of hours care setting: who complains, why, and what can we do about it? BMC Family Practice, 17(1), 87.
  • Bertakis, K. D., & Azari, R. (2007). Patient gender and physician practice style. Journal of Women's Health, 16(6), 859-868.
  • Bowling, A., Rowe, G., Lambert, N., Waddington, M., Mahtani, K. R., Kenten, C., Howe, A., & Francis, S. A. (2012). The measurement of patients’ expectations for health care: a review and psychometric testing of a measure of patients’ expectations. Health Technology Assessment, 16(30), 1–532.
  • Boyacı, İ. (2024). Dönüşen Türkiye sağlık sisteminde özel hastanelerin yayılımı. Journal of Administrative Sciences, 53, 1017–1037.
  • Dunivin, Z., Zadunayski, L., Baskota, U., Siek, K., & Mankoff, J. (2020). Gender, soft skills, and patient experience in online physician reviews: a large-scale text analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e14455.
  • Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2017). A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 7(3), 93-99.
  • Genç, A., & Kesiroğlu, B. (2025). Türkiye’de farklı hastane türleri ve ödeyiciler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Bir derleme çalışması. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 12(3), 505-514.
  • Hong, Y. A., Liang, C., Radcliff, T. A., Wigfall, L. T., & Street, R. L. (2019). What do patients say about doctors online? A systematic review of studies on patient online reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(4), e12521.
  • Karaağaç, C., Erbay, E., & Esatoğlu, A. E. (2018). Özel hastanelere yapılan çevrimiçi şikâyetlerin içerik analizi ile incelenmesi. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Social Science Institute, 10(24).
  • Kilaru, A. S., Meisel, Z. F., Paciotti, B., Ha, Y. P., Smith, R. J., Ranard, B. L., & Merchant, R. M. (2016). What do patients say about emergency departments in online reviews? A qualitative study. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25(1), 14-24.
  • Kleinheksel, A. J., Rockich-Winston, N., Tawfik, H., & Wyatt, T. R. (2020). Demystifying content analysis. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(1), 7113.
  • Kruse, F. M., Stadhouders, N. W., Adang, E. M., Groenewoud, S., & Jeurissen, P. P. T. (2018). Do private hospitals outperform public hospitals regarding efficiency, accessibility, and quality of care in the European Union? A literature review. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(2), e434.
  • Lin, Y., Hong, Y. A., Henson, B. S., Stevenson, R. D., Hong, S., Lyu, T., & Liang, C. (2020). Assessing patient experience and healthcare quality of dental care using patient online reviews in the United States: mixed methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e18652.
  • Nepal, S., Keniston, A., Indovina, K. A., Frank, M. G., Stella, S. A., Quinzanos-Alonso, I., McBeth, L., Moore, S. L., & Burden, M. (2020). What do patients want? A qualitative analysis of patient, provider, and administrative perceptions. Journal of Patient Experience, 7(6), 1760.
  • Rai, A. (2018). Evaluating the image of healthcare hubs online – a cross-sectional analysis of Google and Facebook reviews of private hospitals. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42, 893-899.
  • Ran, C. J., Guttman, T. N., Khairani, S. K., & Khairani, T. R. (2015). What do patients say about emergency departments in online reviews? A qualitative study. BMJ Quality & Safety, 24(11), 712–718.
  • Rapport, F., Hibbert, P., Baysari, M., Long, J. C., Seah, R., Zheng, W. Y., Jones, C., Preece, K., & Braithwaite, J. (2019). What do patients really want? BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 38.
  • Reader, T. W., Gillespie, A., & Roberts, J. (2014). Patient complaints in healthcare systems: a systematic review and coding taxonomy. BMJ Quality & Safety, 23(8), 678-689.
  • Rivers, P. A., & Glover, S. H. (2008). Health care competition, strategic mission, and patient satisfaction. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 22(6), 627.
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). Özel hastane listesi.
  • Segal, J., Sacopulos, M., Sheets, V., Thurston, I., Brooks, K., & Puccia, R. (2012). Online doctor reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14(2), e50.
  • Setyawan, F. E. B., Supriyanto, S., Ernawaty, E., & Lestari, R. (2020). Understanding patient satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Public Health Research, 9(2), 1823.
  • Thomas, D. R. (2006). A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. American Journal of Evaluation, 27(2), 237–246.
  • Tonsaker, T., Bartlett, G., & Trpkov, C. (2014). Health information on the Internet. Canadian Family Physician, 60(5), 407.
  • Turunen, H., Vaismoradi, M., & Bondas, T. (2013). Content analysis and thematic analysis. Nursing & Health Sciences.
  • Uzun, M., & Ağca, A. T. (2025). Sağlık turizmi yetki belgeli kamu hastanesinde hasta deneyimleri. Turizm ve İşletme Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 177-200.
  • Wang, T., Giunti, G., Melles, M., & Goossens, R. (2022). Digital patient experience. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(8), e37952.
  • Ward, P. R., Rokkas, P., Cenko, C., Pulvirenti, M., Dean, N., Carney, A. S., & Meyer, S. (2017). Waiting in public and private hospitals. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 333.
  • Yaman, Z., & Kavuncu, B. (2020). Özel hastanelere yapılan çevrimiçi şikâyetlerin içerik analizi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 21(2), 282-297.
  • Yıldırım, S. (2025). Hasta ve yakınlarının şikayetlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, (41), 66-85.
  • Zitek, T., Bui, J., Day, C., Ecoff, S., & Patel, B. (2023). Yelp and Google reviews of hospitals. JACEP Open, 4(3), e12913.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Eda Yetimoğlu 0000-0002-8078-7469

Şerife Çalışkan Söylemez 0000-0002-6228-2432

Submission Date December 24, 2025
Acceptance Date January 27, 2026
Publication Date March 24, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.61830/balkansbd.1848336
IZ https://izlik.org/JA88HD58GX
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yetimoğlu, E., & Çalışkan Söylemez, Ş. (2026). Çevrimiçi Hasta Yorumları Üzerinden Özel Hastanelerin Değerlendirilmesi: Bir İçerik Analiz Çalışması. Balkan Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 18-29. https://doi.org/10.61830/balkansbd.1848336