Hemşirelerde Göreli Yoksunluk ve Algılanan Yoksunluk Üzerine Yapılmış Çalışmaların Kapsam Analizi ile İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada alanyazında hemşirelerde ‘‘göreli yoksunluk’’ ve ‘‘algılanan yoksunluk’’ ile ilgili çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanarak kapsam incelemesi yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda (“relative deprivation” OR “perceived deprivation”) AND (nurse OR nursing) anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak SCOPUS veritabanında gerçekleştirilen tarama sonucunda toplam 17 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Bu makalelerden hemşirelik ile ilişkisi olmayan 6 makale kapsam dışına çıkarılmıştır. Kalan 11 araştırma üzerinde yapılan incelemelerde; çalışmaların 6 makale, bir kavram analizi, bir boylamsal araştırma ve üç derlemeden oluştuğu, ülke olarak Amerika (3) ve Kanada’da (3) yoğunlaşıldığı, yıl olarak 1984’lere uzanmakla birlikte geniş bir yelpazede az çalışmanın olduğu ve 2024 yılında iki çalışmanın yapıldığı, en çok atıf alan çalışmanın 2003 yılında yayınlanan (105) aşağı ve yukarı yönlü karşılaştırmaların göreli yoksunluk üzerindeki etkisinin incelendiği çalışma olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Makalelerde ele alınan konuların çoğunlukla yoksunluğun psikolojik boyutuna odaklandığı görülmektedir. 11 çalışmanın 6 tanesi doğrudan hemşirelikte göreli yoksunluğu incelemektedir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, hemşirelerde göreli yoksunluk konusunun alanyazında sınırlı, dağınık ve kavramsal olarak yeterince derinleştirilmemiş bir alan olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak son 40 yılda hemşirelerde göreli yoksunluk üzerine sadece 11 çalışma yapıldığı tespit edilmiş olup bu konunun daha farklı örneklem gruplarında, ülkemizde ve yurt dışında araştırılma ihtiyacı ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

• algılanan yoksunluk
• hemşire
• hemşirelik
• göreli yoksunluk
• kapsam incelemesi

An Examination of Studies on Relative Deprivation and Perceived Deprivation Among Nurses Through a Scoping Review

Abstract

In this study, a scoping review was conducted with the aim of examining studies in the literature related to “relative deprivation” and “perceived deprivation” among nurses. Accordingly, a search was carried out in the SCOPUS database using the keywords (“relative deprivation” OR “perceived deprivation”) AND (nurse OR nursing), resulting in a total of 17 articles. Of these articles, 6 that were not related to nursing were excluded. Reviews of the remaining 11 studies revealed that they consisted of six research articles, one concept analysis, one longitudinal study, and three reviews; that the studies were concentrated mainly in the United States (3) and Canada (3); that although the publication years extended back to the 1980s, the number of studies was limited across a wide time span, with two studies conducted in 2024; and that the most frequently cited study (105 citations) was published in 2003 and examined the effects of downward and upward comparisons on relative deprivation. Six of the 11 studies directly investigated relative deprivation in nursing. It is observed that the topics addressed in the articles predominantly focus on the psychological dimension of deprivation. The findings of this study reveal that the issue of relative deprivation among nurses is a field that is limited, fragmented, and not sufficiently conceptualized in the literature. In conclusion, it was determined that only 11 studies on relative deprivation among nurses have been conducted over the past 40 years, highlighting the need for further research on this topic in different sample groups, both nationally and internationally.

Keywords

• perceived deprivation
• nurse
• nursing
• relative deprivation
• scoping review

References

1. Beshai, S., Mishra, S., Mishra, S., & Carleton, R. N. (2017). Personal relative deprivation associated with functional disorders via stress: An examination of fibromyalgia and gastrointestinal symptoms. PLoS One, 12(12), e0189666. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189666 Burns, T., & Runciman, W. G. (1966). Relative deprivation and social justice: A study of attitudes to social inequality in twentieth-century England. The British Journal of Sociology, 17(4), 430–434. https://doi.org/10.2307/589189
2. Buunk, B. P., Zurriaga, R., Gonzalez-Roma, V., & Subirats, M. (2003). Engaging in upward and downward comparisons as a determinant of relative deprivation at work: A longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62(2), 370–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00015-5
3. Crosby, F. (1976). A model of egoistical relative deprivation. Psychological Review, 83(2), 85–113. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.83.2.85
4. Davis, J. A. (1959). A formal interpretation of the theory of relative deprivation. Sociometry, 22(4), 280–296. https://doi.org/10.2307/2786046 de la Sablonnière, R., & Tougas, F. (2008). Relative deprivation and social identity in times of dramatic social change: The case of nurses. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 38(9), 2293–2314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00392.x de la Sablonnière, R., Tougas, F., de la Sablonnière, É., & Debrosse, R. (2012). Profound organizational change, psychological distress and burnout symptoms: The mediator role of collective relative deprivation. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 15(6), 776–790. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430212445074
5. Diel, K., Hofmann, W., Grelle, S., Boecker, L., & Friese, M. (2024). Prepare to compare: Effects of an intervention involving upward and downward social comparisons on goal pursuit in daily life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672231219378 Ding, Y., Lu, G., Chen, S., Liang, Y., Zhang, Y., Peng, Q., & Chen, C. (2024). The effect of perfectionism on relative deprivation among nursing students: The role of interpersonal sensitivity and resilience. Psychology in the Schools, 61(4), 1360–1374. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.23116
6. Eibner, C., Sturm, R., & Gresenz, C. R. (2004). Does relative deprivation predict the need for mental health services? Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 7(4), 167–175. Erdogan, B., Tomás, I., Valls, V., & Gracia, F. J. (2018). Perceived overqualification, relative deprivation, and person-centric outcomes: The moderating role of career centrality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 107, 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.05.003
7. Fallacaro, M. D., & Wu, Y. W. (1997). Frustrated wants and entitlements: Fundamental components of CRNA job satisfaction. AANA Journal, 65(3), 250–256. Feldman, D. C., & Turnley, W. H. (2004). Contingent employment in academic careers: Relative deprivation among adjunct faculty. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64(2), 284–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2002.11.003 Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202
8. Greitemeyer, T., & Sagioglou, C. (2017). Increasing wealth inequality may increase interpersonal hostility: The relationship between personal relative deprivation and aggression. The Journal of Social Psychology, 157(6), 766–776. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2017.1288078 Guo, Y., & Xia, L. (2023). Relational model of relative deprivation, revenge, and cyberbullying: A three-time longitudinal study. Aggressive Behavior, 49(4), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.22079

9. Kim, B., & Jung, W. (2024). Role conflict of physician assistants with nursing licenses in Korea. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 30(2), 141–151. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2024.30.2.141 Lagacé, M., Tougas, F., Laplante, J., & Neveu, J. F. (2008). Health in danger: Repercussions of ageism on psychological disengagement and self-esteem of nurses 45 years and older. Canadian Journal on Aging, 27(3), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.3138/cja.27.3.285
10. Lee, J. H., & Song, Y. (2021). Nurses’ experiences of the COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 51(6), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21160 Lilly, K. J., Sibley, C. G., & Osborne, D. (2023). Examining the between- and within-person effects of relative deprivation: Results from a 7-year longitudinal panel sample. European Journal of Social Psychology, 53(3), 435–449. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2913
11. Liu, C., & Yi, F. (2023). Relative deprivation and health revisited: New evidence from middle-aged and older adults in rural China. China Economic Review, 79, 101948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2023.101948 Martin, C. E. (1990). The nursing shortage: Dynamics and solutions. A response from an educational perspective. Nursing Clinics of North America, 25(3), 561–568. Mishra, S., & Carleton, R. N. (2015). Subjective relative deprivation is associated with poorer physical and mental health. Social Science & Medicine, 147, 144–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.10.030
12. Pearson, J. A., Fallacaro, M. D., & Pellegrini, J. E. (2009). Perceived deprivation in active duty military nurse anesthetists. AANA Journal, 77(1), 42–48. Peng, X., & Wu, D. (2022). The protective effect of grit on clinical nurses’ occupational psychological distress: Mediating and suppressing effects of hope. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1019655. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019655
13. Seçkin, Ş. N., & Çağlın, C. (2026). The effect of perceived relative deprivation in leader-member exchange on flow experience: the serial mediating role of perceived relative deprivation in coworker exchange and job-related anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1685263. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1685263 Skevington, S. M. (1984). Choice, status and intergroup conflict in the work of trained nursing groups. Ergonomics, 27(5), 565–576. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138408963524
14. Smith, H. J., Pettigrew, T. F., Pippin, G. M., & Bialosiewicz, S. (2012). Relative deprivation: A theoretical and meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16(3), 203–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311430825 Stouffer, S. A., Suchman, E. A., DeVinney, L. C., Star, S. A., & Williams, R. M. (1949). The American soldier: Adjustment during army life. Princeton University Press.
15. Tatoğlu, N., & Altuntaş¸, S. (2026). Is social comparison orientation a predictor of relative deprivation in nurses? a literature review within the theoretical framework. Journal of Ankara Health Sciences, 15(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1792365 Türk Dil Kurumu (2025). Türk Dil Kurumu sözlükleri. Erişim tarihi: 15 Ocak 2025, https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Wan, J., Qin, M., Zhou, W., Zhou, H., & Li, P. (2023). Procedural justice, relative deprivation, and intra-team knowledge sharing: The moderating role of group identification. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 994020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.994020
16. Yeşiltaş, M., Arici, H. E., & Sormaz, Ü. (2023). Does perceived overqualification lead employees to further knowledge hiding? The role of relative deprivation and ego depletion. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(5), 1880–1900. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2021-1392 Yılmaz, N., & Erkal, S. (2020). Kurum ev idaresi personelinin göreli yoksunluk duygusunun performansa etkisinin incelenmesi. [The effect of relative deprivation of housekeeping personnel on performance.] Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 23(1), 127–148. Zhang, H., Liu, M., & Tian, Y. (2016). Individual-based relative deprivation decreases prosocial behaviors. Motivation and Emotion, 40(5), 655–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-016-9564-8