Parkinson Hastalığında Bilişsel Rehabilitasyon Yaklaşımları: Derleme

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 108 - 122, 27.12.2024

Neslişah Gün , Makbule Karcı

https://doi.org/10.61830/balkansbd.1461598

Abstract

Parkinson hastalığı, sadece motor semptomlarla sınırlı kalmayan, aynı zamanda bilişsel fonksiyonları da etkileyebilen nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Özellikle erken dönemde sıklıkla göz ardı edilen bu bilişsel etkilenimler, hastaların günlük yaşam aktivitelerini olumsuz etkiler. Hafif bilişsel bozukluktan demansa kadar uzanan geniş bir yelpazede ortaya çıkan bilişsel sorunlar hem hastalarda hem de bakıcılarda daha düşük yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle Parkinson hastalığında bilişsel rehabilitasyon, bilişsel bozulma ile mücadelede kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu rehabilitasyon yaklaşımları arasında egzersiz, bilişsel eğitim, bilişsel stimülasyon terapisi, gerçeklik yönelimi terapisi, anımsama terapisi, çift görev eğitimi, farkındalık temelli müdahaleler ve müzik terapi bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemler, hafıza, dikkat, yürütücü fonksiyonlar gibi bilişsel alanlarda iyileşmeye katkı sağlamaktadır. Bilişsel rehabilitasyonun erken dönemde uygulanması, hastalığın seyrini yavaşlatmanın yanı sıra bakım verenlerin tükenmişliğini önleme veya hafifletme açısından önemlidir. Bu derlemenin amacı Parkinson hastalığında bilişssel rehabilitasyon kapsamında kullanılan yöntemleri literatür ışığında incelemektir.

Keywords

Parkinson hastalığı, biliş, rehabilitasyon

COGNITIVE REHABILITATION APPROACHES IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE: A REVIEW

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that not only affects motor symptoms but also cognitive functions. Cognitive impairments, often overlooked especially in the early stages, negatively impact patients' daily life activities. Cognitive problems ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia are associated with lower quality of life in both patients and caregivers. Therefore, cognitive rehabilitation plays a critical role in addressing cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease. Among these rehabilitation approaches are exercise, cognitive training, cognitive stimulation therapy, reality orientation therapy, reminiscence therapy, dual-task training, mindfulness-based interventions, and music therapy. These methods contribute to improvement in cognitive domains such as memory, attention, and executive functions. Early implementation of cognitive rehabilitation is important not only in slowing the progression of the disease but also in preventing or alleviating caregiver burnout. The aim of this review is to examine the methods used within the scope of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease in the light of the literature

Keywords

parkinson's disease, cognition, rehabilitation

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