Hale Kırer Silva Lecuna, Ph.D. is an economist and mathematician focusing on income distribution, economic complexity, environmental economics, energy poverty, and econophysics. She currently teaches and conducts research at Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University in Türkiye, where she also serves as Vice Director of the Graduate School. She has carried out research at The New School for Social Research (NSSR, New York) and Kiel University (CAU, Germany), and has lectured at St. John’s University and the Henry George School of Social Science in New York. Her recent work explores the intersection of innovation, inequality, and sustainability using advanced econometric techniques.

Hale Kırer Silva Lecuna, Ph.D. is an economist and mathematician focusing on income distribution, economic complexity, environmental economics, energy poverty, and econophysics. She currently teaches and conducts research at Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University in Türkiye, where she also serves as Vice Director of the Graduate School. She has carried out research at The New School for Social Research (NSSR, New York) and Kiel University (CAU, Germany), and has lectured at St. John’s University and the Henry George School of Social Science in New York. Her recent work explores the intersection of innovation, inequality, and sustainability using advanced econometric techniques.

Muhammed Mustafa Tuncer Çalışkan is an Assistant Professor at Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Department of Business Administration. His research interests focus on banking, financial analysis, portfolio management, and sustainable finance, with particular emphasis on ESG performance and emerging markets. His academic work is primarily based on quantitative methods, financial ratio analysis, and bank-level data from Borsa Istanbul. He has published in national and international peer-reviewed journals.