Bazı Salvia türlerinin Drosophila melanogaster üzerindeki in vivo gelişimsel ve antioksidan etkileri

Abstract

Tıbbi bitkiler, özellikle antioksidan ve antigenotoksik özellikleri nedeniyle uzun zamandır değerli terapötik ajan kaynakları olarak hizmet vermiştir. Zengin biyoçeşitliliği ve farklı iklim koşullarıyla bilinen Türkiye, yaklaşık 400'ü tıbbi potansiyele sahip yaklaşık 10.000 bitki türüne ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bunlar arasında, geleneksel olarak gastrointestinal, solunum, kardiyovasküler, böbrek ve bilişsel bozukluklar dahil olmak üzere çok çeşitli rahatsızlıkları tedavi etmek için kullanılan Salvia cinsine ait türler özellikle öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilk defa Salvia candidissima, S. multicaulis, S. suffruticosa ve S. syriaca'nın su, metanol, etanol ve etil asetat özütlerinin gelişimsel toksisitesi ve in vivo antioksidan aktiviteleri, model organizma olarak Drosophila melanogaster (larva, pupa ve ergin) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Gelişimsel toksisite, pupalaşma yüzdesi, eklozyon yüzdesi ve genel sağkalım yüzdesi ölçülerek değerlendirilmiştir. In vivo antioksidan aktivite, DPPH, ABTS ve FRAP analizleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, S. suffruticosa'nın metanolik özütü dışında hiçbir özütünün pupalaşma ve yaşama oranlarını etkilemediğini (p>0,05), diğer bitki özütlerinin ise normal gelişim süreçlerini olumsuz etkilediğini gösterdi. S. suffruticosa'nın tüm özütleri ABTS testine göre yüksek in vivo antioksidan kapasiteler ( %80 aktivite) gösterirken, S. candidissima subsp. candidissima, S. multicaulis ve S. syriaca'nın metanol ve etanol özütleri DPPH testine göre yüksek antioksidan aktiviteler (> %50-70 aktivite) gösterdi. FRAP testi ayrıca, burada S. multicaulis (0.0025-0.0060 g TE/g) ve S. suffruticosa (0.0049-0.0061 g TE/g) için bildirilen Trolox eşdeğer antioksidan kapasitelerinin güçlü antioksidan potansiyeli gösterdiğini gösterdi. İn vivo antioksidan aktivite sonuçlarını özetlemek gerekirse; bu çalışmada, incelenen bitki ekstraktlarının tüm organizmanın fizyolojik antioksidan sistemine (dengesine) zarar vermediği ve incelenen Salvia türlerinin etkili doğal antioksidan takviyelerinin geliştirilmesi için güçlü bir potansiyele sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

• Salvia
• gelişimsel toksisite
• in vivo antioksidan aktivite
• Drosophila melanogaster

In vivo developmental and antioxidant effects of some Salvia species on Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Medicinal plants have long served as valuable sources of therapeutic agents, primarily due to their antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties. Turkey, known for its rich biodiversity and diverse climatic conditions, hosts approximately 10000 plant species with nearly 400 possessing medicinal potential. Among these, species of the genus Salvia are particularly prominent, traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments including gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and cognitive disorders. In this study, it is the first time that the developmental toxicity and in vivo antioxidant activities of aqueous methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of S. candidissima subsp. candidissima subsp. candidissima, S. multicaulis, S. suffruticosa and S. syriaca were evaluated using Drosophila melanogaster (larvae, pupae and adult). Developmental toxicity was assessed by measuring percentage of puparation, eclosion and overall survival. In vivo antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The results indicated that none of the extracts of S. suffruticosa except the methanolic extract affected the puparation and survival rates (p>0.05), while other plant extracts negatively influenced the normal developmental processes. All extracts of S. suffruticosa demonstrated high in vivo antioxidant capacities ( 80 % activity) according to the ABTS test, while methanolic and ethanolic extracts of S. candidissima subsp. candidissima, S. multicaulis and S. syriaca showed high antioxidant activities according to DPPH test (>50-70 % activity). FRAP test also showed that the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities reported here for S. multicaulis (0.0025–0.0060 g TE/g) and S. suffruticosa (0.0049–0.0061 g TE/g) indicate strong antioxidant potential. To conclude the results of the in vivo antioxidant activity, it is demonstrated in this study that the studied plant extracts didn’t harm the physiological antioxidant system (balance) of the whole organism and the studied Salvia species have strong potential for the development of effective natural antioxidant supplements.

Keywords

• Salvia
• developmental toxicity
• in vivo antioxidant activity
• Drosophila melanogaster

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