Parental care in insects

Abstract

Paternal care is a social behavior that is displayed to increase survival of offspring nestling or hatching. It difers remarkably in animal taxa. There are various models of parental care that are followed by different taxa. At its most basic these models are, the way in which parents take care together or one of parents mother or father show this behaviour. Parental care’s also one of the most important issues which is handled by evolutionary biology and behavioral ecology. This behavior is a common behavior especially among mammals and birds, but it is also rarely seen among insects which is the most varied group of the animalia. In insects, behavior to protect eggs and offspring is thought to have evolved in at least 13 orders although not very common. In this article, care patterns observed in different insect taxa have been evaluated in the frame of previous studies.

Keywords

• Paternal care,maternal care and insects

Böceklerde ebeveyn koruması

Abstract

Ebeveyn koruması, doğacak veya yumurtadan çıkacak olan yavruların yaşam şansını artırmak için sergilenen sosyal bir davranıştır. Hayvan grupları arasında dikkat çekici bir çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Yavru bakımı konusunda, farklı hayvan taksonlarının izlediği çeşitli modeller bulunmaktadır. En temel haliyle bu modeller, ebeveynlerin birlikte bakımı üstlenmeleri veya ebeveynlerden sadece dişinin veya erkeğin bu davranışı göstermesi şeklindedir. Ebeveyn koruması, evrimsel biyoloji ve davranışsal ekolojinin de çeşitli sorularla ele aldığı önemli konulardan biridir. Özellikle memeliler ve kuşlarda daha yaygın olan bu davranış, hayvanlar aleminin en çeşitli grubu olan böceklerde de nadir de olsa görülmektedir. Böceklerde, yumurtaları ve yavruları koruma davranışı, çok yaygın olmasa da en az 13 takımda evrimleştiği düşünülmektedir Bu makalede, farklı böcek taksonlarında görülen ebeveyn koruması, daha önce yapılan çalışmalar çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir.  

Keywords

• Ebeveyn koruması,maternal koruma ve böcekler

References

1. Öber A., Hayvan Davranışları (Temel Ögeler), 150, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Birinci baskı, (2007).
2. Royle N.J, Smiseth P.T. ve Kölliker M., The Evolution of Parental Care, 376, Oxford University Press, (2012).
3. Giffney, R.A. ve Kemp, Darrel J., Does It Pay to Care?: Exploring the Costs and Benefits of Parental Care in the Hibiscus Harlequin Bug Tectocoris diophthalmus (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae), Ethology 120, 607-615, (2014).
4. Mas F., ve Kölliker M., Maternal care and offspring begging in social insects: chemical signalling, hormonal regulation and evolution, Animal Behaviour, 76, 1121-1131, (2008).
5. Smiseth Per T., Kölliker M. ve Royle N. J., What is parental care? The Evolution of Parental Care, First Edition, Oxford University Press, 190-203, (2012).
6. Gullan P.J. ve Cranstons P.S. (Çeviri Ed. :Prof. Dr. Ali Gök) Böcekler: Entomoljinin Ana Hatları, 580, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, (2012).
7. Jones J.C. ve Oldroyd B.B., Nest Thermoregulation in Social Insects. Advances in Insect Physiology, 33, 153-191, DOI:10.1016/S0065-2806(06)33003-2, (2006).
8. Zink A.G., Quantifying the costs and benefits of parental care in female treehoppers, Behavioral Ecology, 14, 5, 687-693, (2003)

9. Cocroft R.B., Antipredatör defense as a limited resource: unequal predaton risk in broods of an insect with maternal care, Behavioral Ecology, 13, 1, 125-133, (2002).
10. Trumbo, Stephen T., The Evolution of Parental Care. First Edition. Oxford University Press 2012. (Chapter 5) (http://www.researcgate.net/publication/257644737) (04.01.2016).
11. Deas J.B. ve Hunter M.S., Mothers modify eggs into shields to protect offspring from parazitism, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 279, 847-853, (2012).
12. Smith R.L., Male brooding behavior of the water bug Abedus herberti (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae), Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 69, 740-747, (1976).
13. Nakahira T. ve Kudo S., Maternal Care in the Burrower Bug Adomerus triguttulus: Defensive Behavior, Journal Insect Behavior, 21, 306–316, (2008).
14. Crespi BJ, Choe JC., Explanation and evolution of social systems, In: Choe JC, Crespi BJ (eds), The evolution of social behavior in insects and arachnids, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 499–524, (1997).
15. Cassill D., Brood care strategies by newly mated monogyne Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) queens during colony founding. Annals Entomology Society America, 95, 208-212, (2002).
16. Koedam D., Velthausz P.H., Krift T. Van Der, Dohmen M.R ve Sommeijer M.J., Morphology of reproductive and trophic eggs and their controlled release by workers in Trigano (Tetragonisca) angustula Illiger (Apidae, Meliponinae) Physiological Entomology, 21, 289-296, (1996).
17. Kudo Shiniichi, Nakahira T. ve Saito Y., Morphology of trophic eggs and ovarian dynamics in the subsocial bug Adomerus triguttulus (Heteroptera: Cydnidae), Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84, 723-728, (2006).
18. Ento, K., Arya K., ve Kudo ,S-I., Trophic egg provisioning in a passalid beetle (Coleoptera), European Journal of Entomology, 105, 99-104, (2008).
19. Hironaka, M., Nomakuchi S., Iwakuma,S., ve Filippi L., Trophic egg production in a subsocialshield bug, Parastrachia japonensis Scott (Heteroptera:Parastrachiidae), and its functional value, Ethology, 111, 1089-102, (2005).
20. Weiss, H.B., Notes on Gargaphia tiliae Walsh, the linden lace-bug, Proceedings of Biological Society of Washington, 32, 165-168, (1919).
21. Guidoti M., Tallamy D. W., Junior A. L. M., Maternal care in Gargaphia decoris (Heteroptera, Tingidae) with comments on this behavior within the genus and family, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 59, 2, 104-106, (2015).
22. Tallamy D.W. ve Iglay R.B., Maternal care in Compseuta picta an African Lace Bug (Heteroptera: Tingidae), Journal of Insect Behavior, 17, 2, 247-249, (2004).
23. Park Y.C. ve Choe J.C., Effects of parental care on offsprinf growth in the Korean wood-feeding cockroach, Cryptocercus kyebangensis, Journal of Insect Physiology, 21, 71-77, (2003).
24. Suzuki S., Biparental care in insects: Paternal care, life history, and the function of the nest. Journal of Insect Science: 13, Article No:131, (2013).
25. Edwards P.B. ve Aschenborn H.H., Maternal care of a single offspring in the dung beetle Kheper nigroaeneus: the consequences of extreme parental investment, Journal of Natural History, 23, 17-27 (1989).
26. Rasa, O.A.E., Biparental investment and reproductive successin a subsocial desert beetle: the role of maternal effort, Behavioral. Ecology Sociobiology 43, 105-113, (1998).
27. Jordal B.H., Sequeira A.S. ve Cognato A.I., The age and phylogeny of wood boring weevils and the origin of subsociality, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59, 708–724, (2011).
28. Manica, A. ve Johnstone, R.A., The evolution of paternal care with overlapping broods, American Naturalist, 164, 517-30, (2004).