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Synthesis and characterization of amorphous and nano-sized HoBO3 .2.8H2O compound

Yıl 2019, , 766 - 776, 28.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.651000

Öz

In this study, amorphous and nano-structured HoBO3.2.8H2O compound was successfully synthesized for the first time by the buffered-precipitation method. Three basic vibration bands were observed in the wave numbers of 1393 cm-1 (asymmetric stretching [BO3]), 935 cm-1 ([BO3] symmetric stretching) and 681 cm-1 ([BO3] out-of-plane bending) in the FTIR spectrum of the synthesized compound. These vibration bands revealed that trigonal plane [BO3] groups were present in the chemical structure 

of the HoBO3.2.8H2O compound. It was determined that the synthesized product was amorphous by XRD analysis. The Ho/B ratio in the compound was calculated as 1.02 using by ICP/MS. The initial mass loss of about 17.5% in the temperature range of 303K and 523K showed 2.8 mol crystal water in the structure of the compound in the TG/DTG curve. The second mass loss in the 523 K and 693 K temperature range revealed that about 4% of the PEG-2000 molecules were retained on the surface of HoBO3.2.8H2O nano-particles. The mean particle size of the nano-particles was 15 nm with 6nm standard deviation and the shape was similar to the sphere according to the SEM and TEM photographs. The Band-gap energy was calculated as 5.3 eV. It is envisaged that the synthesized HoBO3.2.8H2O compound and the nano-composites prepared with the polymers will be used in the applications of material science and medicine.

Kaynakça

  • Boyer, D., Bertrand, G., Mahiou, R., A spectroscopic study of the vaterite form YBO3:Eu+3 processed by sol-gel technique, Journal of Luminescence, 104, 229-237, (2003).
  • Chinn, S., Hong, H. Y. P., Fluorescence and lasing properties of NdNa5(WO4)4, K3Nd(PO4)2 and Na3Nd(PO4)2, Optics Communications, 18, 87-88, (1976).
  • Meyer, J., Trikline Orthoborate der Seltenen Erden, Naturwissenschaften, 59, 215-215, (1972).
  • Li, L., Lu, P., Wang, Y., Jin, X., Li, G., Wang, Y., You, L., Lin, J., Synthesis of rare earth polyborates using molten boric acid as a flux, Chemistry of Materials, 14, 4963-4968, (2002).
  • Li, L., Jin, X., Li, G., Wang, Y., Liao, F., Yao, G., Lin, J., Novel Rare Earth Polyborates. Part 2. Syntheses and Structures, Chemistry of Materials , 15, 2253-2260, (2003).
  • Nikelski, T., Schäfer, M. C., Schleid, T., La4B14O27: Ein Lanthan‐ultra‐Oxoborat mit Raumnetzstruktur, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 634, 49-55, (2008).
  • Goubin, F., Montardi, Y., Deniard, P., Rocquefelte, X., Brec, R., Jobic, S., Optical properties of CeBO3 and CeB3O6 compounds: first-principles calculations and experimental results, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 177, 89-100, (2004).
  • Emme, H., Heymann, G., Haberer, A., Huppertz, H., High-Pressure Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Behaviour of β-Re(BO2)3 (Re = Nd, Sm, Gd), Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 62, 765-770, (2007).
  • Emme, H., Despotopoulou, C., Huppertz, H., High-Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structive of the Structurally New Orthorombic Rare Earth Meta-Oxoborates γ-Re(BO2)3 Re=La-Nd, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 630, 2450-2457, (2004).
  • Heymann, G., Soltner, T., Huppertz, H., δ-La(BO2)3 (δ-LaB3O6): A new high-presssure modification on lanthanum meta-oxoborate, Solid State Sciences, 8, 821-829, (2006).
  • Haberer, A., Heymann, G., Huppertz, H., Pr4B10O11: A new Composition of Rare Earth Borates by High-Pressure/High-Temperature Synthesis, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 1595-1600, (2007).
  • Emme, H., Huppertz, H., Gd2B4O9: Ein weiteres Oxoborat mit kanten-verknüpften BO4-Tetraedern, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 628, 2165-2170, (2002).
  • Huppertz, H., Altmannshofer, S., Heymann, G., High-Pressure Preparation, Crystal Structure, and Properties of the New Oxoborate β-Dy2B4O9, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 170, 320-329, (2003).
  • Emme, H., Valldor, M., Pöttgen, R., Huppertz,H., (2005). Associating Borate and Slicate Chemistry by Extreme conditions High-Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of the Novel Borates RE3B5O12, Chemistry of Materials, 17, 2707-2715, (2005).
  • Huppertz, H., Eltz, B., Multianvil High-Pressure Synthesis of, Dy4B6O15: The First Oxoborate with Edge Sharing BO4 Tetrahedra, Journal of American Chemical Society, 124, 9376-9377, (2002).
  • Hosokawa, S., Tanaka, Y., Iwamoto, S., Inoue, M., Morphology and structure of rare earth borate (REBO3) synthesized by glycothermal reaction, Journal of Materials Science, 43, 2276-2285, (2008).
  • Cohen-Adad, M. Th., Aloui-Lebbou, O., Goutaudier, C., Panczer, G., Dujardin, C., Pedrini, C., Florian, P., Massiot, D., Gerard, F., Kappenstein, Ch., Gadolinium and Yttrium Borates: Thermal Behavior and Structural Considerations, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 154, 204-213, (2000).
  • Müller-Bunz, H., Nikelski, Schleid, Th., Single Crystals of the Neodymium(III) meta-Borate Nd(BO2)3 and ortho-Borate NdBO3, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 58, 375-380, (2003).
  • Huppertz, H., Multianvil High-Pressure Synthesis and Crystal Structure of β-YbBO3, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 56, 697-703, (2001).
  • Noirault, S., Joubert, O., Caldes, M. T., Piffard, Y., High‐temperature form of neodymium orthoborate, NdBO3, Acta Crystallographica Section E, 62, 228-230, (2006).
  • Huppertz, H., Eltz, B. Hoffmann, R. D., Piotrowski, H., Multianvil High-Pressure Syntheses of Crystal Structure of the New Rare Earth Oxoborates χ-DyBO3 and χ-ErBO3, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 166, 203-212, (2002).
  • Lemanceau, S., Bertrand-Chadeyron, G., Mahiou, R., El-Ghozzi, M., Cousseins, J. C., Conflant, P., Vannier, R. N., Synthesis and Characterization of H-LnBO3 Orthoborates (Ln=La, Nd, Sm, and Eu), Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 148, 229-235, (1999).
  • Dzhurinskii, B. F., Ilyukhin, A. B., Rare-Earth and lead mixed anionic oxoborates, Crystallography Reports, 47, 397-403, (2002).
  • Lin, J. H., You, L. P., Lu, G. X., Yang, L. Q., Su, M. Z., Structural and luminescent properties of Eu3+ doped Gd17.33(BO3)4(B2O5)2O16, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 8, 1051-1054, (1998).
  • Noirault, S., Celerier, S., Joubert, O., Caldes, M. T., Piffard, Y., Effects of Water Uptake on the Inherently Oxygen-Deficient Compounds Ln26O27(BO3)8 (Ln = La, Nd), Inorganic Chemistry, 46, 9961-9967, (2007).
  • Hering, A. S., Haberer, A., Kaindl, R., Huppertz, H., High-pressure synthesis and crystal structure of the new holmium oxoborate Ho31O27(BO3)3(BO4)6, Solid State Sciences, 12, 1993-2002, (2010).
  • Li, L. Y., Lu, P. C., Wang, Y. Y., Jin, X. L., Li, G. B., Wang, Y. X., You, L. P., Lin, J. H., Synthesis of Rare Earth Polyborates Using Molten Boric Acid as a Flux, Chemistry of Materials, 14, 4963–4968, (2002).
  • Li, L. Y., Jin, X. L., Li, G. B., Wang, Y. X., Liao, F. H., Yao, G. Q., Lin, J. H., Novel Rare Earth Polyborates. 2. Syntheses and Structures, Chemistry of Materials, 15, 2253–2260, (2003).
  • Ivanova, A. G., Belokoneva, E. L., Dimitrova, O. V., Mochenova, N. N., New borate LaB5O8(OH)2 1.5H2O with a {4[3T+ Δ]∞∞+ Δ}∞∞∞complex framework. Its place in the structural system based on symmetry and topology analysis in terms of the OD theory, Russian Journal Inorganic Chemistry, 51, 862–868, (2006).
  • Cong, R., Yang, T., Wang, Z., Sun, J., Liao, F., Wang, Y., Lin J., Syntheses, Structure, and Luminescent Properties of Novel Hydrated Rare Earth Borates Ln2B6O10(OH)4.H2O (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, and Y), Inorganic Chemistry, 50, 1767-1774, (2011).
  • Huppertz, H., Multianvil high-pressure/high-temperature preparation, crystal structure, and properties of the new oxoborates, Dy4B6O14(OH)2 and Ho4B6O14(OH)2, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 177, 3700–3708, (2004).
  • Baudrier-Raybaut, M., Haidar, R., Kupecek, P., Lemasson, P., Rosencher, E., Random quasi-phase-matching in bulk polycrystalline isotropic nonlinear materials, Nature, 432, 374–376, (2004).
  • Jiang, X. C., Yan, C. H., Sun, L. D., Wei, Z. G., Liao, C. S., Hydrothermal homogeneous urea precipitation of hexagonal YBO3:Eu3+ nanocrystals with improved luminescent properties, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 175, 245–251, (2003).
  • Henkes, A. E., Schaak, R. E., Synthesis of nanocrystalline REBO3 (RE= Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho) and YBO3:Eu using a borohydride-based solution precursor route, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181, 3264–3268, (2008).
  • Xu, Z., Li, C., Cheng, Z., Zhang, C., Li, G., Peng, C., Lin, J., Self-assembled 3D architectures of lanthanide orthoborate: hydrothermal synthesis and luminescence properties, CrystEngComm, 12, 549–557, (2010).
  • Li, Z., Zeng, J., Li, Y., Solvothermal Route to Synthesize Well‐Dispersed YBO3:Eu Nanocrystals, Small, 3, 438–443, (2007).
  • https://www.makaleler.com/gelecegin-elementlerinden-holmiyum-nedir
  • Schott, J., Kretzschmar, J., Acker, M., Eidner, S, Kumke, M. U., Drobot, B., Barkleit, A., Taut, S., Brendler, V., Stumpf, T., Formation of a Eu(III) borate solid species from a weak Eu(III) borate complex in aqueous solution, Dalton Transactions, 43, 11516-11528, (2014).
  • Peak, D., Luther III, G. W., Sparks, D., ATR-FTIR spectroscopic studies of boric acid adsorption on hydrous ferric oxide, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, 2551-2560, (2003).
  • Lopez, R., Gomez R., Band-Gap energy estimation from diffuse reflectance measurements on sol-gel and commercial TiO2: a comparative study, Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 61, 1-7, (2012).
  • McLean, T., The absorption edge spectrum of semiconductors, Progress in Semiconductors, 5, 53-102, (1960).

Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu

Yıl 2019, , 766 - 776, 28.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.651000

Öz

Bu çalışmada ilk defa amorf ve nano-yapılı HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiği, tamponlu-çöktürme yöntemiyle başarılı bir şekilde sentezlendi. Sentezlenen bileşiğin FTIR spektrumunda, 1393 cm-1 ([BO3] asimetrik gerilme), 935 cm-1 ([BO3] simetrik gerilme) ve 681 cm-1 ([BO3] düzlem dışı bükülme) dalga sayılarında üç temel titreşim bandı gözlendi. Bu titreşim bantları, HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin kimyasal yapısında, düzlem üçgen [BO3] gruplarının bulunduğunu ortaya koydu. XRD analizi ile sentezlenen ürünün amorf özellikte olduğu belirlendi. ICP-MS kullanılarak bileşikteki Ho/B oranı 1.02 olarak hesaplandı. TG/DTG eğrisinde, 303K ve 523 K sıcaklık aralığındaki, yaklaşık % 17.5' lik ilk kütle kaybı, bileşiğin yapısında 2.8 mol kristal su bulunduğunu gösterdi. 523 K ve 693 K sıcaklık aralığındaki ikinci kütle kaybı ise, HoBO3.2.8H2O nano-parçacıklarının yüzeyinde yaklaşık % 4 oranında PEG-2000 moleküllerinin tutunduğunu ortaya koydu. Nano-parçacıkların SEM ve TEM fotoğrafları ile ortalama parçacık boyutu ve standart sapmasının 15±6 nm., şeklinin ise küresele benzer özellikte olduğu ispatlandı. Enerji bant aralığı 5.3 eV olarak hesaplandı. Sentezlenen HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin ve polimerler ile hazırlanan nano-kompozitlerinin malzeme bilimi ve tıp alanlarındaki uygulamalarda kullanılması öngörülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Boyer, D., Bertrand, G., Mahiou, R., A spectroscopic study of the vaterite form YBO3:Eu+3 processed by sol-gel technique, Journal of Luminescence, 104, 229-237, (2003).
  • Chinn, S., Hong, H. Y. P., Fluorescence and lasing properties of NdNa5(WO4)4, K3Nd(PO4)2 and Na3Nd(PO4)2, Optics Communications, 18, 87-88, (1976).
  • Meyer, J., Trikline Orthoborate der Seltenen Erden, Naturwissenschaften, 59, 215-215, (1972).
  • Li, L., Lu, P., Wang, Y., Jin, X., Li, G., Wang, Y., You, L., Lin, J., Synthesis of rare earth polyborates using molten boric acid as a flux, Chemistry of Materials, 14, 4963-4968, (2002).
  • Li, L., Jin, X., Li, G., Wang, Y., Liao, F., Yao, G., Lin, J., Novel Rare Earth Polyborates. Part 2. Syntheses and Structures, Chemistry of Materials , 15, 2253-2260, (2003).
  • Nikelski, T., Schäfer, M. C., Schleid, T., La4B14O27: Ein Lanthan‐ultra‐Oxoborat mit Raumnetzstruktur, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 634, 49-55, (2008).
  • Goubin, F., Montardi, Y., Deniard, P., Rocquefelte, X., Brec, R., Jobic, S., Optical properties of CeBO3 and CeB3O6 compounds: first-principles calculations and experimental results, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 177, 89-100, (2004).
  • Emme, H., Heymann, G., Haberer, A., Huppertz, H., High-Pressure Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Behaviour of β-Re(BO2)3 (Re = Nd, Sm, Gd), Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 62, 765-770, (2007).
  • Emme, H., Despotopoulou, C., Huppertz, H., High-Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structive of the Structurally New Orthorombic Rare Earth Meta-Oxoborates γ-Re(BO2)3 Re=La-Nd, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 630, 2450-2457, (2004).
  • Heymann, G., Soltner, T., Huppertz, H., δ-La(BO2)3 (δ-LaB3O6): A new high-presssure modification on lanthanum meta-oxoborate, Solid State Sciences, 8, 821-829, (2006).
  • Haberer, A., Heymann, G., Huppertz, H., Pr4B10O11: A new Composition of Rare Earth Borates by High-Pressure/High-Temperature Synthesis, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 1595-1600, (2007).
  • Emme, H., Huppertz, H., Gd2B4O9: Ein weiteres Oxoborat mit kanten-verknüpften BO4-Tetraedern, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 628, 2165-2170, (2002).
  • Huppertz, H., Altmannshofer, S., Heymann, G., High-Pressure Preparation, Crystal Structure, and Properties of the New Oxoborate β-Dy2B4O9, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 170, 320-329, (2003).
  • Emme, H., Valldor, M., Pöttgen, R., Huppertz,H., (2005). Associating Borate and Slicate Chemistry by Extreme conditions High-Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of the Novel Borates RE3B5O12, Chemistry of Materials, 17, 2707-2715, (2005).
  • Huppertz, H., Eltz, B., Multianvil High-Pressure Synthesis of, Dy4B6O15: The First Oxoborate with Edge Sharing BO4 Tetrahedra, Journal of American Chemical Society, 124, 9376-9377, (2002).
  • Hosokawa, S., Tanaka, Y., Iwamoto, S., Inoue, M., Morphology and structure of rare earth borate (REBO3) synthesized by glycothermal reaction, Journal of Materials Science, 43, 2276-2285, (2008).
  • Cohen-Adad, M. Th., Aloui-Lebbou, O., Goutaudier, C., Panczer, G., Dujardin, C., Pedrini, C., Florian, P., Massiot, D., Gerard, F., Kappenstein, Ch., Gadolinium and Yttrium Borates: Thermal Behavior and Structural Considerations, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 154, 204-213, (2000).
  • Müller-Bunz, H., Nikelski, Schleid, Th., Single Crystals of the Neodymium(III) meta-Borate Nd(BO2)3 and ortho-Borate NdBO3, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 58, 375-380, (2003).
  • Huppertz, H., Multianvil High-Pressure Synthesis and Crystal Structure of β-YbBO3, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 56, 697-703, (2001).
  • Noirault, S., Joubert, O., Caldes, M. T., Piffard, Y., High‐temperature form of neodymium orthoborate, NdBO3, Acta Crystallographica Section E, 62, 228-230, (2006).
  • Huppertz, H., Eltz, B. Hoffmann, R. D., Piotrowski, H., Multianvil High-Pressure Syntheses of Crystal Structure of the New Rare Earth Oxoborates χ-DyBO3 and χ-ErBO3, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 166, 203-212, (2002).
  • Lemanceau, S., Bertrand-Chadeyron, G., Mahiou, R., El-Ghozzi, M., Cousseins, J. C., Conflant, P., Vannier, R. N., Synthesis and Characterization of H-LnBO3 Orthoborates (Ln=La, Nd, Sm, and Eu), Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 148, 229-235, (1999).
  • Dzhurinskii, B. F., Ilyukhin, A. B., Rare-Earth and lead mixed anionic oxoborates, Crystallography Reports, 47, 397-403, (2002).
  • Lin, J. H., You, L. P., Lu, G. X., Yang, L. Q., Su, M. Z., Structural and luminescent properties of Eu3+ doped Gd17.33(BO3)4(B2O5)2O16, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 8, 1051-1054, (1998).
  • Noirault, S., Celerier, S., Joubert, O., Caldes, M. T., Piffard, Y., Effects of Water Uptake on the Inherently Oxygen-Deficient Compounds Ln26O27(BO3)8 (Ln = La, Nd), Inorganic Chemistry, 46, 9961-9967, (2007).
  • Hering, A. S., Haberer, A., Kaindl, R., Huppertz, H., High-pressure synthesis and crystal structure of the new holmium oxoborate Ho31O27(BO3)3(BO4)6, Solid State Sciences, 12, 1993-2002, (2010).
  • Li, L. Y., Lu, P. C., Wang, Y. Y., Jin, X. L., Li, G. B., Wang, Y. X., You, L. P., Lin, J. H., Synthesis of Rare Earth Polyborates Using Molten Boric Acid as a Flux, Chemistry of Materials, 14, 4963–4968, (2002).
  • Li, L. Y., Jin, X. L., Li, G. B., Wang, Y. X., Liao, F. H., Yao, G. Q., Lin, J. H., Novel Rare Earth Polyborates. 2. Syntheses and Structures, Chemistry of Materials, 15, 2253–2260, (2003).
  • Ivanova, A. G., Belokoneva, E. L., Dimitrova, O. V., Mochenova, N. N., New borate LaB5O8(OH)2 1.5H2O with a {4[3T+ Δ]∞∞+ Δ}∞∞∞complex framework. Its place in the structural system based on symmetry and topology analysis in terms of the OD theory, Russian Journal Inorganic Chemistry, 51, 862–868, (2006).
  • Cong, R., Yang, T., Wang, Z., Sun, J., Liao, F., Wang, Y., Lin J., Syntheses, Structure, and Luminescent Properties of Novel Hydrated Rare Earth Borates Ln2B6O10(OH)4.H2O (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, and Y), Inorganic Chemistry, 50, 1767-1774, (2011).
  • Huppertz, H., Multianvil high-pressure/high-temperature preparation, crystal structure, and properties of the new oxoborates, Dy4B6O14(OH)2 and Ho4B6O14(OH)2, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 177, 3700–3708, (2004).
  • Baudrier-Raybaut, M., Haidar, R., Kupecek, P., Lemasson, P., Rosencher, E., Random quasi-phase-matching in bulk polycrystalline isotropic nonlinear materials, Nature, 432, 374–376, (2004).
  • Jiang, X. C., Yan, C. H., Sun, L. D., Wei, Z. G., Liao, C. S., Hydrothermal homogeneous urea precipitation of hexagonal YBO3:Eu3+ nanocrystals with improved luminescent properties, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 175, 245–251, (2003).
  • Henkes, A. E., Schaak, R. E., Synthesis of nanocrystalline REBO3 (RE= Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho) and YBO3:Eu using a borohydride-based solution precursor route, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181, 3264–3268, (2008).
  • Xu, Z., Li, C., Cheng, Z., Zhang, C., Li, G., Peng, C., Lin, J., Self-assembled 3D architectures of lanthanide orthoborate: hydrothermal synthesis and luminescence properties, CrystEngComm, 12, 549–557, (2010).
  • Li, Z., Zeng, J., Li, Y., Solvothermal Route to Synthesize Well‐Dispersed YBO3:Eu Nanocrystals, Small, 3, 438–443, (2007).
  • https://www.makaleler.com/gelecegin-elementlerinden-holmiyum-nedir
  • Schott, J., Kretzschmar, J., Acker, M., Eidner, S, Kumke, M. U., Drobot, B., Barkleit, A., Taut, S., Brendler, V., Stumpf, T., Formation of a Eu(III) borate solid species from a weak Eu(III) borate complex in aqueous solution, Dalton Transactions, 43, 11516-11528, (2014).
  • Peak, D., Luther III, G. W., Sparks, D., ATR-FTIR spectroscopic studies of boric acid adsorption on hydrous ferric oxide, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, 2551-2560, (2003).
  • Lopez, R., Gomez R., Band-Gap energy estimation from diffuse reflectance measurements on sol-gel and commercial TiO2: a comparative study, Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 61, 1-7, (2012).
  • McLean, T., The absorption edge spectrum of semiconductors, Progress in Semiconductors, 5, 53-102, (1960).
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Berna Bülbül 0000-0002-0508-4878

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Mayıs 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA Bülbül, B. (2019). Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(2), 766-776. https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.651000
AMA Bülbül B. Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu. BAUN Fen. Bil. Enst. Dergisi. Haziran 2019;21(2):766-776. doi:10.25092/baunfbed.651000
Chicago Bülbül, Berna. “Amorf Ve Nano-Boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin Sentezi Ve Karakterizasyonu”. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21, sy. 2 (Haziran 2019): 766-76. https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.651000.
EndNote Bülbül B (01 Haziran 2019) Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21 2 766–776.
IEEE B. Bülbül, “Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu”, BAUN Fen. Bil. Enst. Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 2, ss. 766–776, 2019, doi: 10.25092/baunfbed.651000.
ISNAD Bülbül, Berna. “Amorf Ve Nano-Boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin Sentezi Ve Karakterizasyonu”. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21/2 (Haziran 2019), 766-776. https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.651000.
JAMA Bülbül B. Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu. BAUN Fen. Bil. Enst. Dergisi. 2019;21:766–776.
MLA Bülbül, Berna. “Amorf Ve Nano-Boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin Sentezi Ve Karakterizasyonu”. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 766-7, doi:10.25092/baunfbed.651000.
Vancouver Bülbül B. Amorf ve nano-boyutlu HoBO3.2.8H2O bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu. BAUN Fen. Bil. Enst. Dergisi. 2019;21(2):766-7.