Biyolojik hidrojen üretim prosesleri

Year 2009, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 17 - 36, 01.12.2009

N. Genç

Abstract

Hidrojen alternatif yakıt olarak büyük bir potansiyele sahip temiz bir enerji taşıyıcısıdır. Hidrojen üretimi için çeşitli teknolojiler vardır. Biyolojik hidrojen üretim prosesleri termokimyasal ve elektrokimyasal proseslere kıyaslandığında daha çevre dostu ve çok az enerji yoğunluklu olduğu bulunmuştur. Hidrojen biyolojik olarak biofotoliz, foto-fermentasyon ve karanlık-fermentasyon veya bu proseslerin kombinasyonu ile üretilebilir. Literatüre göre, maksimum hidrojen verimi 7,1 mol H2/mol glukoz olarak bulunmuştur. Düşük hidrojen verimi ve düşük hidrojen üretim hızı bu proseslerin ticarileşmesinde en önemli engeldir. Genetik olarak modifiye edilmiş mikroorganizmaların gelişimi, prosesin işletme şartlarının iyileştirilmesi, kombine proseslerin gelişimi gibi ilerlemeler biohidrojen teknolojisinin hızlı bir şekilde ticarileşmesini sağlayacaktır

Keywords

Biohidrojen, biofotoliz, foto- ve karanlık- fermentasyon, kombine proses

Biological hydrogen production processes

Abstract

Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier which has a great potential to be an alternative fuel. There are a variety of technologies for hydrogen production. Biological hydrogen production processes are found to be more environment friendly and less energy intensive as compared to thermochemical and electrochemical processes. Hydrogen can be produced biologically by biophotolysis, photo-fermentation and dark-fermentation by combination of these processes. According to literature, maximum hydrogen yield is found to be 7.1 mol H2/mol glucose. However, major bottlenecks for the commercialization of these processes are lower H2 yield and rate of H2 production. The advancements such as the development of genetically modified microorganism, improvement of operational conditions of process, development of combined process to improve energy conversion efficiency should allow for rapid commercialization of biohydrogen technology

Keywords

Biohydrogen, biophotolysis, photo- and dark-fermentation, combined process

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