Çeşitli konut tipi yüklerin bozulmuş gerilimler altında akım harmonik bozulmasının istatistiksel

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 282 - 296

Damla Ağaça , Oktay Karakaya , Şevket Cantürk , Murat Balcı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çeşitli konut tipi yüklerin sinüzoidal ve çok sayıda rastgele bozulmaya sahip besleme gerilimleri altında çektikleri akımların harmonik bileşenleri, toplam harmonik bozulma ve akım tepe faktörü ile güç faktörü indislerinin istatistiksel analizi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, rezistif yük besleyen tam köprü doğrultucu (Yük 1), rezistif yük besleyen yarım dalga doğrultucu (Yük 2), rezistif yük besleyen dimmer devresi (Yük 3), batarya şarj eden tam köprü doğrultucu (Yük 4), daimi kondansatörlü tek fazlı asenkron motor (Yük 5) ve ısıtıcı (Yük 6) olmak üzere altı farklı yük tipi Matlab/SIMULINK ortamında modellenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizde, sinüzoidal anma gerilimi ile farklı harmonik bileşenlere sahip ve toplam harmonik bozulma değeri %3.99 ile %7.36 arasında değişen 1000 adet bozulmuş gerilim senaryosu dikkate alınmıştır. Analiz sonuçları modellenen yüklerin güç kalitesi indislerinin şebeke gerilimi harmonik bozulmasından ihmal edilemeyecek derecede etkilendiğini, ancak bu etkinin özellikle ilk iki yükte diğerlerine nazaran daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Harmonik karakterizasyonlar, bozulmuş gerilimler, doğrusal olmayan konut tipi yükler, güç kalitesi

Statistical analysis of current harmonic distortion of various residential loads under distorted voltages

Öz

In this study, the statistical analysis of the harmonic components, total harmonic distortion and crest factor of the currents drawn by various residential-type loads and power factor indices is aimed under sinusoidal and numerous randomly distorted supply voltages. Six different load types, including a full-bridge rectifier supplying a resistive load (Load 1), a half-wave rectifier supplying a resistive load (Load 2), a dimmer circuit supplying a resistive load (Load 3), a full-bridge rectifier charging a battery (Load 4), a single-phase asynchronous motor with a permanent capacitor (Load 5), and a heater (Load 6), are modelled in the Matlab/SIMULINK environment. For statistical analysis, a rated sinusoidal voltage and 1000 distorted voltage scenarios with different harmonic components and total harmonic distortion values varying between 3.99% and 7.36% are considered. The analysis results indicate that the power quality indices of the modelled loads are considerably affected by the harmonic distortion of the grid voltage. Besides, it should be mentioned that the first two kind of loads are much more affected by the voltage distortion compared to the others.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Harmonic characterizations, distorted voltages, nonlinear residential type loads, power quality

Kaynakça

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