Effectiveness Analysis of Different Spray Route Models in Agricultural Spraying

Abstract

This study examines the efficiency and energy performance of different spray routes in agricultural spraying operations using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Specifically, the performance of straight-line, zigzag, and spiral methods was compared in terms of energy consumption, spraying duration, and effectiveness rates. Experiments were conducted on a 1-hectare agricultural area under constant environmental conditions. The findings indicate that the straight-line method provided the lowest energy consumption (15% battery) and the fastest spraying duration (20 minutes) but was limited in achieving uniform coverage in complex areas. The zigzag method demonstrated higher uniformity (85%) and effectiveness, making it more suitable for complex fields. The spiral method achieved the highest uniformity and spraying effectiveness (88%) but resulted in the highest energy consumption (20% battery). As drone speed increased, spraying duration decreased, while efficiency and uniformity peaked at a speed of 5 m/s. The study emphasizes that the choice of spraying methods should depend on field geometry, crop type, and operational priorities. These findings provide valuable guidance for optimizing drone-based agricultural spraying systems in terms of energy efficiency and sustainability. Continuity in such research and the integration of the results into agricultural practices are crucial for enhancing agricultural productivity and supporting sustainable farming practices

Keywords

• Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
• Agricultural Spraying
• Route Methods
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness Analysis
• Drone

Tarımsal İlaçlamada Farklı Püskürtme Rotası Modellerinin Etkinlik Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, tarımsal ilaçlama operasyonlarında insansız hava araçları (İHA) kullanılarak farklı püskürtme rotalarının etkinliğini ve enerji verimliliğini incelemektedir. Özellikle düz çizgi, zikzak ve spiral yöntemlerin performansı, enerji tüketimi, ilaçlama süresi ve etkinlik oranları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneyler, 1 hektarlık bir tarım alanında, sabit çevresel koşullar altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, düz çizgi yönteminin en düşük enerji tüketimi (%15 batarya) ve en hızlı ilaçlama süresini (20 dakika) sağladığını, ancak karmaşık alanlarda homojenlik açısından sınırlı kaldığını göstermektedir. Zikzak yöntemi, daha yüksek homojenlik (%85) ve etkinlik sunarak karmaşık alanlarda daha etkili olmuştur. Spiral yöntem ise en yüksek homojenlik ve ilaçlama etkinliğini (%88) sağlamış, ancak en fazla enerji tüketimine (%20 batarya) yol açmıştır. Drone hızının artışıyla ilaçlama süresi azalırken, verimlilik ve homojenlik 5 m/s hızında en yüksek düzeye ulaşmıştır. Çalışma, farklı püskürtme yöntemlerinin arazi geometrisi, mahsul tipi ve operasyonel önceliklere bağlı olarak seçilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bulgular, drone tabanlı tarımsal ilaçlama sistemlerinin enerji verimliliği ve sürdürülebilirlik açısından optimize edilmesine yönelik önemli bir rehber sunmaktadır. Tarımsal verimliliğin artırılması ve sürdürülebilir tarım uygulamalarının desteklenmesi için bu tür araştırmaların sürekliliği ve elde edilen sonuçların tarımsal uygulamalara entegre edilmesi büyük bir önem arz etmektedir

Keywords

• İnsansız Hava Aracı
• Tarımsal İlaçlama
• Rota Yöntemleri
• Verimlilik
• Etkinlik Analizi
• Drone

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