Carotid blood-flow velocity and intima-media thickness changes in patients with obesity

Year 2015, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 45 - 61, 25.06.2016

İsmail Şalk , Ayselin Güner Hulusi Eğilmez , Ali Çetin , Mehmet H. Atalar

Abstract

Abstract

Aim. Carotid ultrasound scanning including carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and Doppler velocity measurements is commonly used modality to assess carotid artery disease related to atherosclerosis as an important result of obesity. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of obesity on the carotid ultrasonographic parameters including lumen diameters, IMTs, peak systolic velocities (PSVs), and end-diastolic velocities (EDVs) of common carotid arteries (CCAs) and internal carotid arteries (ICAs) in an asymptomatic population. Methods. The lumen diameters, IMTs, PSVs, and EDVs of CCAs and ICAs were performed in the study participants grouped according to their body mass index (BMI) in an age-adjusted manner: normal group with BMI 18.50-24.99; overweight group with BMI 25.00-24.99; obesity classes I&II group with BMI 30.00-39.99; obesity class III group with BMI ≥40.00. Results. Overall, obesity class I-III increased the lumen diameters of CCAs and ICAs (p<0.05); increased the IMTs of CCAs but not of the ICAs. (p<0.05); and decreased the PSVs of CCAs but not of the ICAs (P<0.05). Overall, in accordance with the severity of obesity, the EDVs were decreased in the CCAs but not in the ICAs (p<0.05). Conclusions. Obesity may have a potential to increase the lumen diameter of CCAs and ICAs, to increase the IMTs of CCA but not ICA, and to decrease the PSVs and EDVs of CCA but not ICA. There is a need to determine the effect of obesity on the wall and function of carotid arteries in further studies in a broader population subclassified according to the severity and duration of obesity.

Keywords: Carotid artery, intima-media thickness, Doppler blood-flow velocity, obesity

Özet

Amaç. Doppler akım ölçümü ve karotis intima-media kalınlığını (İMK) içeren karotis ultrason taraması, obezitenin önemli sonucu olarak arterioskleroz ile ilişkili karotis arter hastalığının değerlendirilmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, asemptomatik toplulukta internal karotis arterin (İKA) ve kommon karotis arterin (KKA); lümen çapını, IMK, pik-sistolik (PSH) ve end-diastolik hızını (EDH) içeren  karotid ultrasonografik bulgularına obezitenin etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem. KKA ile İKA’nin damar lümen capı, IMK, PSH ve EDH’ları yaşlara göre ve body mass indekslerine (BMİ) göre gruplara ayrıldı. Normal grubun BMİ’si: 18.50-24.99; kilolu grubun BMI’si 25.00-24.99; obezite I&II grubun BMI’si 30.00-39.99; obezite III grubun BMI’si ≥40.00 olacak şekilde gruplara ayrıldı. Bulgular. Genel olarak, obezite I-III grubunda KKA ve İKA damar lümen çapı artmıştı (p<0.05); KKA’in İMK artmasına rağmen İKA’da artış saptanmadı (p<0.05) ve KKA’in PSH’ında azalmaya rağmen, İKA’de azalma olarak saptanmadı (p<0.05). Genel olarak obezitenin şiddeti göz önüne alındığı zaman, EDH’da, KKA’da azalma saptanırken, İKA’da saptanmadı (p<0.05). Sonuçlar. Obezite, İKA’nın değil ama KKA’nın İMK’ındaki artış ile PSH ve EDH azalışında ve KKA ile İKA damar lümen çapının artışına sebep olabilir. Karotid arterin duvar ve fonksiyonlarının obeziteden etkilenmesinin saptanması için daha geniş çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar sözcükler: Karotis arter, intima-media kalınlığı, Doppler kan akım hızı, obezite

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