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Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımların Cari İşlemler Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye, Çin ve Hindistan Örnekleminde Çoklu Yapısal Kırılmalı Eşbütünleşme Analizi

Year 2014, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 87 - 116, 01.06.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, YDY’nin cari işlemler dengesi üzerindeki etkileri, Türkiye, Çin ve Hindistan için, Carrion-i-Silvestre vd. 2009 çoklu yapısal kırılmalı birim kök testi, Maki 2012 çoklu yapısal kırılmalı eşbütünleşme testi ve dinamik en küçük kareler yöntemi yardımıyla, 1980-2011 dönemi verileriyle analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik bulgulara göre; YDY %10 oranında arttığında, cari işlemler açığının Türkiye’de %3, Hindistan’da %4.1 oranında azaldığı, Çin’de ise %3.8 oranında cari işlemler fazlasının gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir

References

  • Arısoy, E., Bayar, G. ve Soranlar, B.. (2004). Asya’nın Devi: Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Dış Ticaret Dergisi, 32: 1-17.
  • Audet, K. M. ve Gagné, R.. (2010). Openess to Foreign Direct Investment and Productivity in Canada. Productivity and Prosperity In Quebec, 1-19.
  • Aydoğuş, İ. ve Öztürkler, H.. (2006). Türkiye’de Cari İşlemler Açığı Sorununun Analizi, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Bai, J. ve Perron, P.. (2003). Computation and Analysis of Multiple Structural Change Models. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 18: 1-22.
  • Barrell, R ve Pain, N.. (1997). Foreign Direct Investment, Technological Change and Economic Growth Within Europe. Te Economic Journal, 107(445): 1770- 1786.
  • Bay, M., Seymen Oskay, C. ve Çiçek, E.. (2007). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımları Türkiye’ye Çekmek İçin Yapılması Gereken Düzenlemeler, Selçuk Üniversitesi Karaman İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 12(9): 253-263.
  • Borensztein, E., Gregoria, J.D. ve Lee, J.W.. (1998). How Does Foreign Direct Investment Afect Economic Growth? Journal of International Economics, 45(1): 115-138.
  • Bozkurt, H. ve Dursun, G.. (2006). Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri ile Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırım Akımları Arasındaki Etkileşim: Türkiye İçin Kointegrasyon Analizi, 1980-2004. Journal of Knowledge Economy & Knowledge Management, 2: 37-49.
  • Campbell, T.. (2001). Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Their Impact on Barbados’ Current Account: Implications for Policy. 22nd Annual Seminar, 24-27 July, Barbados.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J.L. ve Sanso, A.. (2006). Testing the Null of Cointegration with Structural Breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 68(5): 623-646.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J.L., Kim, D ve Perron, P.. (2009). GLS-Based Unit Root Tests with Multiple Structural Breaks Under Both the Null and the Alternative Hypotheses. Econometric Theory, 25: 1754-1792.
  • Chakraborty, C. ve Nunnenkamp, P.. (2006). Economic Reforms, Foreign Direct Investment and its Economic Effects in India, Kiel Working Paper, No. 1272.
  • Çeştepe, H. ve Tüylüoğlu, Ş.. (2006). Yabancı Yaptırımlar Yoluyla Teknoloji Transferi: İrlanda Örneğinden Türkiye için Dersler. Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 61(2): 45-62.
  • Çin Ülke Raporu.. (2008). Pekin Büyükelçiliği, Ticaret Müşavirliği.
  • Davies, K.. (2003). Attracting Investment to China, OECD Policy Brief, http:// www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC15553.pdf.
  • DEİK.. (2003). Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Ekonomisi ve Türkiye ile İlişkileri, http:// www.deik.org.tr.
  • DEİK.. (2004). DTÖ Üyeliği Sonrası Çin Halk Cumhuriyetinin Ekonomisi ve Ticaretinde Gelişmeler. http://www.deik.org.tr.
  • DEİK.. (2009). Yükselişi Anlamak, http://www.deik.org.tr.
  • Deloitte.. (2011). Türkiye Otomotiv Sektörü Raporu.
  • DPT.. (2000) Sekizinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları Özel İhtisas Kurulu Raporu, Ankara.
  • Enders, W.. (1995). Applied Econometric Time Series. 1 st Edition, New York: Wiley.
  • Enders, W.. (1996). Rats Handbook for Econometric Time Series. JohnWilley and Song Inc.
  • Ersoy, İ.. (2011). The Causal Relationship between the Financial Account and the Current Account: The Case of Turkey, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 75: 187- 193.
  • Esteve, V. ve Requena, F.. (2006). A Cointegration Analysis of Car Advertising and Sales Data in the Presenceof Structural Change. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 13(1): 111-128.
  • Fry, M., Claessens, J.S., Burridge, P.ve Blanchet, M.C.. (1995). Foreign Direct Investment, Other Capital Flows and Current Account Deficits What Causes What? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No: 1527.
  • Fry, M. J.. (1996). How Foreign Direct Investment in Pacific Asia Improves the Current Account. Journal of Asian Economics, 7(3): 459–486.
  • Göçer, İ., Bulut, Ş. ve Dam, M. M.. (2012). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Türkiye’nin İhracat Performansına Etkileri: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz. Business and Economics Research Journa, 3(2): 21-40.
  • Göver, Z.T.. ( 2005). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Yabancı Ticarete Etkileri: Türkiye Değerlendirmesi, Hazine Müsteşarlığı Ekonomik Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Gregory, A.W. ve Hansen, B.E.. (1996). Residual-Based Tests for Cointegration in Models With Regime Shifts. Journal of Econometrics, 70(1): 99-126.
  • Gujarati, N.D. ve Porter, D.C.. (2012). Temel Ekonometri, Beşinci Basımdan Çeviri, Çevirenler: Ümit Şenesen ve Gülay Günlük Şenesen, Literatür Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Hatemi-J, A.. (2008). Tests For Cointegration With Two Unknown Regime Shifts With an Application to Financial Market Integration. Empirical Economics, 35: 497-505.
  • Hindistan Raporu.. (2012). Yeni Delhi Büyükelçiliği, Ticaret Müşavirliği, Mayıs.
  • Jansen, K.. (1995). The Macroeconomic Effects of Direct Foreign Investment: The Case of Thailand. World Development, 23(2): 193–210.
  • Javorcik, B.S.. (2004). Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers Through Backward Linkages. The American Economic Review, 94(3): 605-627.
  • Javorcik, B.S. ve Spatareanu, M.. (2005). Do Foreign Investors Care about Labor Market Regulations? Review of World Economics, Springer, 141(3): 375-403.
  • Jayaraman, T.K.. (1998). Foreign Direct Investment as An Alternative to Foreign Aid to South Pacific Island Countries. Journal of the South Pacific Society, 21(3): 29-44.
  • Kamacı, A.M.. (2009). Makedonya Cumhuriyeti’nde Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımlar ve İş Ortamı. Prof. Dr. Angelova BILJANA, 2. Uluslararası Balkan Kongresi, 329-333.
  • Kaymak, H.. (2005). Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımları Artırmak İçin Teşvikler Gerekli ve/veya Yeterli mi? Maliye Dergisi, 149: 74-104.
  • Kepenek, Y. ve Yentürk, N.. (2003). Türkiye Ekonomisi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • KTO.. (2008). Hindistan Cumhuriyeti Ülke Raporu, Konya Ticaret Odası, Etüd- Araştırma Servisi, Mart.
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M.C.. (2003). Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test With Two Structural Breaks. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4): 1082-1089.
  • Lesher, M. ve Miroudot, S.. (2008). Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers and Their Interrelationships with Trade. OECD Investment Policy Perspectives.
  • Lipsey, R.E.. (1991). Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S. and U.S Trade. NBER Working Paper, No: 3623.
  • Lumsdaine, R.L. ve Papell, D.H.. (1997). Multiple Trend Breaks and The Unit Root Hypothesis. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 79: 212-218.
  • Maki, D.. (2012). Tests For Cointegration Allowing For an Unknown Number of Breaks. Economic Modelling, 29(5): 2011-2015.
  • Mencinger, J.. (2008). Direct and Indirect Effects of FDI on Current Account. International Centre For Economic Research, Working Paper, No:16.
  • Ng, S. ve Perron, P.. (2001). Lag Length Selection and the Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power. Econometrica, 69: 1519-1554.
  • Özsoylu, A. F. ve Algan, N.. (2011). Dünya Ekonomisinin Yeni Aktörleri BRIC, 1. Baskı, Karahan Yayınları, No. 130, Adana.
  • Ruane, F. ve Uğur, A.. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment And Productivity Spillovers in Irish Manufacturing Industry: Evidence From Plant Level Panel Data. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 12(1): 53-66.
  • Perron, P.. (1989). The Great Crash, The Oil Price Shock, and The Unit Root Hypothesis. Econometrica, 57(2): 1361-1401.
  • Perron, P.. (1997). Further Evidence on Breaking Trend Functions in Macroeconomic Veriables. Journal of Econometric, 80: 355-385.
  • Prasanna, N.. (2010). Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Export Performance in India. J Soc Sci, 24(1): 65-71.
  • Razmi, A.. (2009). Does Pleasing Export-Oriented Foreign Investors Help Your Balance of Paymnets? A General Equilibrium Analysis. Oxford Economic Papers, 61: 128-149.
  • Salman, A. ve Feng X.H.. (2009). Foreign Direct Investment: Impact on Sectoral Growth in Pakistan, China: School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang Province.
  • Sarode, S.. (2012). Effects of FDI on Capital Account and GDP: Empirical Evidence from India. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(8): 102-107.
  • Seabra, F. ve Flach, L.. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment and Profit Outflows: A Causality Analysis For the Brazilian Economy. Economics Bulletin, 6(1): 1-15.
  • Siddiqui, D.A. ve Ahmad, M.H.. (2012). The Causal Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Current Account: An Empirical Investigation for Pakistan Economy. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 44: 107-116.
  • Stock, J. ve Watson, M.W.. (1993). A Simple Estimator of Cointegrating Vectors in Higher Order Integrated Systems. Econometrica, 61(4): 783-820.
  • Sun, H.. (1996). Direct Foreign Investment and Linkage Efects: The Experience of China. Asian Economies, 25(1): 5-28.
  • Sun, H.. (1998). Macroeconomic Impact of Direct Foreign Investment in China: 1979-1996. The World Economy, 21(5): 675-694.
  • Tarı, R.. (2012). Ekonometri, Umuttepe Yayınları, Koceli.
  • Uyanık, T.. (2011). Hindistan Ülke Raporu, Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığı İhracatı Geliştirme Etüd Merkezi.
  • Westerlund, J. ve Edgerton, D.. (2006). Simple Tests for Cointegration in Dependent Panels with Structural Breaks. Lund University, Department of Economics, Working Papers, No: 13.
  • Wei, W.. (2005). China and India: Any difference in their FDI performances?, Journal of Asian Economics, 16: 719-736.
  • Woodward, D.. (2001). The Next Crisis? Direct and Equity Investment in Developing Countries. New York: Diane Pub Co Press.
  • World Bank, (2012). World Developing Indicator (WDI), http://data.
  • worldbank.org /data-catalog/world-development-indicators.
  • WTO.. (2011). World Trade Organization Trade Policy Review. Report by the Secretariat India, 10 August.
  • Yalta, A.Y.. (2011). Uncovering the Channels Through Which FDI Affects Current Account: The Case of Turkey. TOBB University of Economics and Technology Department of Economics, Working Paper, No: 11-08.
  • Yılmaz, R. ve Koyuncu, C.. (2005). Çin: Dragon Ekonomisinin Önlenemeyen Yükselişi, Ekin Kitabevi, Bursa.
  • Zafir, C.Z. ve Sezgin, F.H.. (2012). Analysis of the Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on the Financing of Current Account Deficits in Turkey. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(10): 68-78.
  • Zhang, K.H.. (2005). How Does FDI Affect a Host Country’s Export Performance? The Case of China. International Conference of WTO. China and the Asian Economies. III. Xi’an, 25-26 June, China.
  • Zhu, G. ve Tan, K.Y.. (2000). Foreign Direct Investment and Labor Productivity: New Evidence From China As The Host. Thunderbird International Business Review, 42(5): 507-528.
  • Zivot, E. ve Andrews, D.. (1992). Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock and the Unit-Root Hypothesis. Journal of Business Economic Statistics, 10(3): 251-270.

Foreign Direct Investments’ Effects on the Balance of Current Account: Cointegration Analysis with Multiple Structural Breaks in Turkey, China and India Sample

Year 2014, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 87 - 116, 01.06.2014

Abstract

Foreign Direct Investments’ Effects on the Balance of Current Account: Cointegration Analysis with Multiple Structural Breaks in Turkey, China and India SampleIn this study the effects of Foreign Direct Investment FDI on current account deficit were analyzed with multiple structural breaks unit root test of Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. 2009 , multiple structural breaks cointegration test of Maki 2012 and dynamic ordinary smallest square method for Turkey, China and India by using 1980-2011 period data. According to the empirical findings; 10% increase of FDI leads to an decrease on the current account deficit in Turkey by 3%, India by 4.1%; on the contrary, it has been determined an increase on the current account surplus in China by 3.8%

References

  • Arısoy, E., Bayar, G. ve Soranlar, B.. (2004). Asya’nın Devi: Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Dış Ticaret Dergisi, 32: 1-17.
  • Audet, K. M. ve Gagné, R.. (2010). Openess to Foreign Direct Investment and Productivity in Canada. Productivity and Prosperity In Quebec, 1-19.
  • Aydoğuş, İ. ve Öztürkler, H.. (2006). Türkiye’de Cari İşlemler Açığı Sorununun Analizi, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Bai, J. ve Perron, P.. (2003). Computation and Analysis of Multiple Structural Change Models. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 18: 1-22.
  • Barrell, R ve Pain, N.. (1997). Foreign Direct Investment, Technological Change and Economic Growth Within Europe. Te Economic Journal, 107(445): 1770- 1786.
  • Bay, M., Seymen Oskay, C. ve Çiçek, E.. (2007). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımları Türkiye’ye Çekmek İçin Yapılması Gereken Düzenlemeler, Selçuk Üniversitesi Karaman İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 12(9): 253-263.
  • Borensztein, E., Gregoria, J.D. ve Lee, J.W.. (1998). How Does Foreign Direct Investment Afect Economic Growth? Journal of International Economics, 45(1): 115-138.
  • Bozkurt, H. ve Dursun, G.. (2006). Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri ile Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırım Akımları Arasındaki Etkileşim: Türkiye İçin Kointegrasyon Analizi, 1980-2004. Journal of Knowledge Economy & Knowledge Management, 2: 37-49.
  • Campbell, T.. (2001). Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Their Impact on Barbados’ Current Account: Implications for Policy. 22nd Annual Seminar, 24-27 July, Barbados.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J.L. ve Sanso, A.. (2006). Testing the Null of Cointegration with Structural Breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 68(5): 623-646.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J.L., Kim, D ve Perron, P.. (2009). GLS-Based Unit Root Tests with Multiple Structural Breaks Under Both the Null and the Alternative Hypotheses. Econometric Theory, 25: 1754-1792.
  • Chakraborty, C. ve Nunnenkamp, P.. (2006). Economic Reforms, Foreign Direct Investment and its Economic Effects in India, Kiel Working Paper, No. 1272.
  • Çeştepe, H. ve Tüylüoğlu, Ş.. (2006). Yabancı Yaptırımlar Yoluyla Teknoloji Transferi: İrlanda Örneğinden Türkiye için Dersler. Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 61(2): 45-62.
  • Çin Ülke Raporu.. (2008). Pekin Büyükelçiliği, Ticaret Müşavirliği.
  • Davies, K.. (2003). Attracting Investment to China, OECD Policy Brief, http:// www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC15553.pdf.
  • DEİK.. (2003). Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Ekonomisi ve Türkiye ile İlişkileri, http:// www.deik.org.tr.
  • DEİK.. (2004). DTÖ Üyeliği Sonrası Çin Halk Cumhuriyetinin Ekonomisi ve Ticaretinde Gelişmeler. http://www.deik.org.tr.
  • DEİK.. (2009). Yükselişi Anlamak, http://www.deik.org.tr.
  • Deloitte.. (2011). Türkiye Otomotiv Sektörü Raporu.
  • DPT.. (2000) Sekizinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları Özel İhtisas Kurulu Raporu, Ankara.
  • Enders, W.. (1995). Applied Econometric Time Series. 1 st Edition, New York: Wiley.
  • Enders, W.. (1996). Rats Handbook for Econometric Time Series. JohnWilley and Song Inc.
  • Ersoy, İ.. (2011). The Causal Relationship between the Financial Account and the Current Account: The Case of Turkey, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 75: 187- 193.
  • Esteve, V. ve Requena, F.. (2006). A Cointegration Analysis of Car Advertising and Sales Data in the Presenceof Structural Change. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 13(1): 111-128.
  • Fry, M., Claessens, J.S., Burridge, P.ve Blanchet, M.C.. (1995). Foreign Direct Investment, Other Capital Flows and Current Account Deficits What Causes What? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No: 1527.
  • Fry, M. J.. (1996). How Foreign Direct Investment in Pacific Asia Improves the Current Account. Journal of Asian Economics, 7(3): 459–486.
  • Göçer, İ., Bulut, Ş. ve Dam, M. M.. (2012). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Türkiye’nin İhracat Performansına Etkileri: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz. Business and Economics Research Journa, 3(2): 21-40.
  • Göver, Z.T.. ( 2005). Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Yabancı Ticarete Etkileri: Türkiye Değerlendirmesi, Hazine Müsteşarlığı Ekonomik Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Gregory, A.W. ve Hansen, B.E.. (1996). Residual-Based Tests for Cointegration in Models With Regime Shifts. Journal of Econometrics, 70(1): 99-126.
  • Gujarati, N.D. ve Porter, D.C.. (2012). Temel Ekonometri, Beşinci Basımdan Çeviri, Çevirenler: Ümit Şenesen ve Gülay Günlük Şenesen, Literatür Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Hatemi-J, A.. (2008). Tests For Cointegration With Two Unknown Regime Shifts With an Application to Financial Market Integration. Empirical Economics, 35: 497-505.
  • Hindistan Raporu.. (2012). Yeni Delhi Büyükelçiliği, Ticaret Müşavirliği, Mayıs.
  • Jansen, K.. (1995). The Macroeconomic Effects of Direct Foreign Investment: The Case of Thailand. World Development, 23(2): 193–210.
  • Javorcik, B.S.. (2004). Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers Through Backward Linkages. The American Economic Review, 94(3): 605-627.
  • Javorcik, B.S. ve Spatareanu, M.. (2005). Do Foreign Investors Care about Labor Market Regulations? Review of World Economics, Springer, 141(3): 375-403.
  • Jayaraman, T.K.. (1998). Foreign Direct Investment as An Alternative to Foreign Aid to South Pacific Island Countries. Journal of the South Pacific Society, 21(3): 29-44.
  • Kamacı, A.M.. (2009). Makedonya Cumhuriyeti’nde Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımlar ve İş Ortamı. Prof. Dr. Angelova BILJANA, 2. Uluslararası Balkan Kongresi, 329-333.
  • Kaymak, H.. (2005). Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımları Artırmak İçin Teşvikler Gerekli ve/veya Yeterli mi? Maliye Dergisi, 149: 74-104.
  • Kepenek, Y. ve Yentürk, N.. (2003). Türkiye Ekonomisi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • KTO.. (2008). Hindistan Cumhuriyeti Ülke Raporu, Konya Ticaret Odası, Etüd- Araştırma Servisi, Mart.
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M.C.. (2003). Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test With Two Structural Breaks. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4): 1082-1089.
  • Lesher, M. ve Miroudot, S.. (2008). Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers and Their Interrelationships with Trade. OECD Investment Policy Perspectives.
  • Lipsey, R.E.. (1991). Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S. and U.S Trade. NBER Working Paper, No: 3623.
  • Lumsdaine, R.L. ve Papell, D.H.. (1997). Multiple Trend Breaks and The Unit Root Hypothesis. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 79: 212-218.
  • Maki, D.. (2012). Tests For Cointegration Allowing For an Unknown Number of Breaks. Economic Modelling, 29(5): 2011-2015.
  • Mencinger, J.. (2008). Direct and Indirect Effects of FDI on Current Account. International Centre For Economic Research, Working Paper, No:16.
  • Ng, S. ve Perron, P.. (2001). Lag Length Selection and the Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power. Econometrica, 69: 1519-1554.
  • Özsoylu, A. F. ve Algan, N.. (2011). Dünya Ekonomisinin Yeni Aktörleri BRIC, 1. Baskı, Karahan Yayınları, No. 130, Adana.
  • Ruane, F. ve Uğur, A.. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment And Productivity Spillovers in Irish Manufacturing Industry: Evidence From Plant Level Panel Data. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 12(1): 53-66.
  • Perron, P.. (1989). The Great Crash, The Oil Price Shock, and The Unit Root Hypothesis. Econometrica, 57(2): 1361-1401.
  • Perron, P.. (1997). Further Evidence on Breaking Trend Functions in Macroeconomic Veriables. Journal of Econometric, 80: 355-385.
  • Prasanna, N.. (2010). Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Export Performance in India. J Soc Sci, 24(1): 65-71.
  • Razmi, A.. (2009). Does Pleasing Export-Oriented Foreign Investors Help Your Balance of Paymnets? A General Equilibrium Analysis. Oxford Economic Papers, 61: 128-149.
  • Salman, A. ve Feng X.H.. (2009). Foreign Direct Investment: Impact on Sectoral Growth in Pakistan, China: School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang Province.
  • Sarode, S.. (2012). Effects of FDI on Capital Account and GDP: Empirical Evidence from India. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(8): 102-107.
  • Seabra, F. ve Flach, L.. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment and Profit Outflows: A Causality Analysis For the Brazilian Economy. Economics Bulletin, 6(1): 1-15.
  • Siddiqui, D.A. ve Ahmad, M.H.. (2012). The Causal Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Current Account: An Empirical Investigation for Pakistan Economy. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 44: 107-116.
  • Stock, J. ve Watson, M.W.. (1993). A Simple Estimator of Cointegrating Vectors in Higher Order Integrated Systems. Econometrica, 61(4): 783-820.
  • Sun, H.. (1996). Direct Foreign Investment and Linkage Efects: The Experience of China. Asian Economies, 25(1): 5-28.
  • Sun, H.. (1998). Macroeconomic Impact of Direct Foreign Investment in China: 1979-1996. The World Economy, 21(5): 675-694.
  • Tarı, R.. (2012). Ekonometri, Umuttepe Yayınları, Koceli.
  • Uyanık, T.. (2011). Hindistan Ülke Raporu, Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığı İhracatı Geliştirme Etüd Merkezi.
  • Westerlund, J. ve Edgerton, D.. (2006). Simple Tests for Cointegration in Dependent Panels with Structural Breaks. Lund University, Department of Economics, Working Papers, No: 13.
  • Wei, W.. (2005). China and India: Any difference in their FDI performances?, Journal of Asian Economics, 16: 719-736.
  • Woodward, D.. (2001). The Next Crisis? Direct and Equity Investment in Developing Countries. New York: Diane Pub Co Press.
  • World Bank, (2012). World Developing Indicator (WDI), http://data.
  • worldbank.org /data-catalog/world-development-indicators.
  • WTO.. (2011). World Trade Organization Trade Policy Review. Report by the Secretariat India, 10 August.
  • Yalta, A.Y.. (2011). Uncovering the Channels Through Which FDI Affects Current Account: The Case of Turkey. TOBB University of Economics and Technology Department of Economics, Working Paper, No: 11-08.
  • Yılmaz, R. ve Koyuncu, C.. (2005). Çin: Dragon Ekonomisinin Önlenemeyen Yükselişi, Ekin Kitabevi, Bursa.
  • Zafir, C.Z. ve Sezgin, F.H.. (2012). Analysis of the Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on the Financing of Current Account Deficits in Turkey. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(10): 68-78.
  • Zhang, K.H.. (2005). How Does FDI Affect a Host Country’s Export Performance? The Case of China. International Conference of WTO. China and the Asian Economies. III. Xi’an, 25-26 June, China.
  • Zhu, G. ve Tan, K.Y.. (2000). Foreign Direct Investment and Labor Productivity: New Evidence From China As The Host. Thunderbird International Business Review, 42(5): 507-528.
  • Zivot, E. ve Andrews, D.. (1992). Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock and the Unit-Root Hypothesis. Journal of Business Economic Statistics, 10(3): 251-270.
There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İsmet Göçer This is me

Osman Peker This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Göçer, İ., & Peker, O. (2014). Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımların Cari İşlemler Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye, Çin ve Hindistan Örnekleminde Çoklu Yapısal Kırılmalı Eşbütünleşme Analizi. BDDK Bankacılık Ve Finansal Piyasalar Dergisi, 8(1), 87-116.