Piyeten

Year 2018, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 18 - 32, 20.07.2018

Kadir Sulu Fahrettin Alkan

Abstract

Piyeten,
başlıca etken Dichelobacter nodosus’un
neden olduğu bulaşıcı bakteriyel bir ayak hastalığıdır. Piyetenin benign ve
virülent olmak üzere başlıca iki klinik formu tanımlanmıştır. Hastalığın hafif
formu olan benign piyeten, interdigital dokunun yangısı ve dejenerasyonu ile
karakterizedir. Virülent piyeten ise tırnağın epitelyal dokusunun ciddi
dejeneratif ve nekrotik hasarı ile karakterizedir. Bu formda bir veya birden
fazla ayakta eksungulasyon görülebilir. Hastalığın şiddeti; D. nodosus suşunun virülensi, çevresel
koşullar, çiftlik uygulamaları ve konak hayvanın duyarlılığı gibi çeşitli
faktörlere bağlıdır. Piyeten, etkilenen koyunlarda şiddetli ağrı ve topallığa
neden olur. Piyeten ve buna bağlı olarak gelişen topallıklar, koyun ve keçi
yetiştiriciliğinin yaygın olduğu ülkelerde hayvan refahı ve ekonomik açıdan
duyulan endişelerin ana sebebini oluşturmaktadır. Hastalık; yapağı veriminde
azalmaya, kuzularda yetersiz büyümeye, koyunlarda fertilitenin düşmesine ve
enfekte koyunların satış imkânının kısıtlanmasına neden olarak sürü verimliliği
ve karlılık üzerinde çok büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Piyeten ile mücadelede
piyetenin çalışıldığı birçok bölgede hastalığın eradikasyonu ve yönetimi ile
ilgili gelecek vadeden yeni yaklaşım stratejileri geliştirilebilir. Bu
uygulamalar içerisinde; spesifik aşı geliştirme, Dichelobacter nodosus’un genetik yapısı ile ilgili önemli bilgiler
edinme, çevreye özgü yeni yönetim stratejileri geliştirme, yeni genetik test
yöntemleri geliştirme ve hastalığa dirençli hayvan elde etmeye yarayan ıslah
çalışmaları sayılabilir. Bu derlemede koyunların önemli bir ayak hastalığı olan
piyeten hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Keywords

Topallık, ayak hastalıkları, piyeten, koyun

Footrot

Abstract

Footrot
is a contagious bacterial foot disease caused by Dichelobacter nodosus. Two major clinical forms of footrot have
been described, benign and virulent. The benign footrot which is mild form of
the disease is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of interdigital
tissue. Virulent footrot is characterized by severe degenerative and necrotic
damage of the epithelial tissue of the hoof. In this form, one or more foot
exungulation can be seen. The severity of the disease depends on various
factors such as the virulence of the D.
nodosus strain, environmental conditions, farm applications and the
susceptibility of the host animal. Footrot causes severe pain and lameness in
affected sheep. Footrot and its associated lameness are the main causes of
animal welfare and economic worries in countries where sheep and goat breeding
are common. The disease has a great effect on herd productivity and
profitability, leading to a decrease in wool yield, inadequate growth in lambs,
decreased fertility in sheep, and limited sales opportunities for infected
sheep. Future strategies for the eradication and management of the disease in
many regions where the footrot is being studied in struggle with the footrot
can be developed. These include developing specific vaccines, acquiring
important information about the genetic structure of Dichelobacter nodosus, developing new management strategies
specific to the environment, developing new genetic testing methods, and
breeding trials to obtain disease-resistant animals. In this review,
information has been given about footrot which is an important foot disease of
sheep.

Keywords

Lameness, foot diseases, footrot, sheep

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