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Evciltme ve Atların Genetik Kökeni

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 51 - 61, 26.06.2022

Erva Eser , Serkan Erat

Abstract

Bu çalışmada evciltmenin atlar üzerine olan etkileri ile modern at türünün genetik kökenine dair yapılan çeşitli çalışmalar derlenmiştir. İnsan hayvan ilişkileri, evcilleştirme ile belirli bir sisteme sahip olmaya başlamış ve giderek günümüz hayvan yetiştiriciliğine evrilmiştir. Evcilleştirme ile birlikte çeşitli türlerde meydana gelen çeşitli değişimler günümüz modern hayvancılığının ve modern hayvan yetiştirme biliminin gelişmesini de sağlamıştır. Çiftlik hayvanları içerisinde evciltildiği günden beri özel bir alana sahip olan atların gerek evciltilmesi gerekse kökeni hakkında pek çok tartışma yürütülmektedir. Yapılan son çalışmalarda atların evciltme bölgeleri ve genetik kökenleri yeniden şekillenmiş, at türlerinin filial yapısı değişmiştir.

Keywords

At evciltme genetik köken

Supporting Institution

YÖK 100/2000 Doktora Burs Programı

References

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  • Aksu, S., Aktopraklıgil, D., Koban, E., Aslan, Ö., Denizci, M., Balcıoğlu, K., et al. (2010). Gen kaynaklarının ve Biyoçeşitliliğin korunması kapsamında yerli at ırklarının genetic karakterizasyonu (Abstract English). BIDAB 3(1): 121-130.
  • Bocquet-Appel, J.P. (2008). “Explaining the Neolithic demographic transition,” in The Neolithic Demographic Transition And Its Consequences, eds J. P. Bocquet Appel, and O. Bar-Yosef (Dordrecht: Springer), 35–55.
  • Bruford, M.W, Bradley, D.G., Luikart, G. (2003). DNA markers reveal the complexity of livestock domestication. Nat. Rev. Genet. 4:900. doi: 10.1038/ nrg1203.
  • Budiansky, S. (1997). The Nature of Horses. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-82768-1.
  • Cai, D., Tang, Z., Han, L., Speller, C.F., Yang, D.Y, Ma, X., et al. (2009). Ancient DNA provides new insights into the origin of the Chinese Domestic Horse. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36 (3): 835-842.
  • Chamberlin, J.E. (2006). Horse: How the horse has shaped civilization? New York: Blue Bridge. https://archive.org/details/horsehowhorsehas0000cham_n2o8 (Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2021).
  • Cieslak, M., Pruvost, M., Benecke, N., Hofreiter, M., Morales, A., Reissmann, M., et al. (2010). Origin and history of mitochondrial DNA lineages in domestic horses. PLoS One, 5: e15311. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015311.
  • Clutton-Brock, J. (1999). A natural history of domesticated mammals. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Cozzi, M.C., Strillacci, M.G., Valiati, P., Bighignoli, B., Cancedd, M., Zanotti, M. (2004). Mitochondrial D-loop sequence variation among Italian horse breeds. Genetics Selection Evolution. 36 (6): 663–672. doi:10.1051/gse:2004023
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  • Fallahsharoudi, A., de Kock, N., Johnsson, M., Bektic, L., Ubhayasekera, S.J., Bergquist, J., et al. (2017). Genetic and targeted eQTL mapping reveals strong candidate genes modulating the stress response during chicken domestication. G3 (Bethesda). 7 (2): 497-504. doi: 10.1534/g3.116.037721. PMID: 27974436; PMCID: PMC5295596.
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  • Khatkar, M.S., Thomson, P.C., Tammen, I., Raadsma, H.W. (2004). Quantitative trait loci mapping in dairy cattle: review and meta-analysis. Genet. Select. Evol. 36:163. doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-36-2-163.
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  • Larson, G. (2011). Genetics and domestication: important questions for new answers. Curr. Anthropol. 52: 485–495.
  • Larson, G. (2017). Reconsidering the distribution of gray wolves. Zool. Res. 38: 115. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.021.
  • Larson, G., Burger, J. (2013). A population genetics view of animal domestication. Trends Genet. 29: 197–205. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.01.003.
  • Larson, G., Fuller, D.Q. (2014). The evolution of animal domestication. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 45: 115–136.
  • Lau, A.N., Peng, L., Goto, H., Chemnick, L., Ryder, O.A., Makova, K.D. (2009).Horse domestication and conservation genetics of Przewalski's Horse in ferred from sex chromosomal and autosomal sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 26 (1): 199–208. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn239. PMID 18931383.
  • Lesté-Lasserre, C. (2015). Excitement, feeling and attachment’s impact on training. The Horse. https://thehorse.com/116463/excitement-feeling-and-attachments-impact-on-training/ (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2021).
  • Levine, M.A. (1999). Botai and the origins of the horse domestication. Journal of Antrhopological Archeology. 18: 29-78.
  • Lindgren, G.N., Backström, J., Swinburne, L., Hellborg, A., Einarsson, K., Sandberg, G., et al. (2004). Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication. Nat. Genet. 36: 335-336.
  • Lira, J., Linderholm, A., Olaria, C., Brandstro, M., Durling, M., Gilbert, M.T.P., et al. (2010) Ancient DNA reveals traces of Iberian Neolithic and Bronze Age lineages in modern Iberian horses. Molecular Ecology 19: 64–78.
  • Loftus, R.T., Machugh, D.E., Bradley, D.G., Sharp, P.M., Cunningham, P. (1994). Evidence for two independent domestications of cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 2757–2761. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.7.2757.
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  • Orlando, L., Ginolhac, A., Zhang, G., Froese, D., Albrechtsen, A., Stiller, M., et al. (2013). "Recalibrating Equus evolution using the genome sequence of an early Middle Pleistocene horse". Nature. 499 (7456): 74–8.Bibcode:2013Natur.499...74O. doi:10.1038/nature12323. PMID 23803765. S2CID 4318227.
  • Özbeyaz, C., Akçapınar, H. (2021). Hayvan Yetiştiriciliği (Temel Bilgiler). Medisan Yayınları, Ankara. Pennisi, E. (2018). "Ancient DNA up ends the horse family tree". sciencemag.org. (Erişim tarihi: 24.05.2021). Pértille, F., Brantsaeter, M., Nordgreen, J., Coutinho, L.L., Janczak, A.M., Jensen, P., et al. (2017). DNA methylation profiles in red blood cells of adult hens correlate with the irrearing conditions. J. Exp. Biol. 220, 3579–3587. doi: 10.1242/jeb.157891.
  • Piras, F.M., Nergadze, S.G., Poletto, V., Cerutti, F., Ryder, O.A., Leeb, T., et al. (2009). Phylogeny of horse chromosome 5q in the genus Equus and centromere repositioning. Cytogenetic and Genome Research. 126 (1–2): 165–172. doi:10.1159/000245916. PMID 20016166. S2CID 24884868.
  • Price, E.O. (2002). Animal Domestication and Behavior. Wallingford: CABI.
  • Priskin, K., Szabo, K., Tomory, G., Bogacsi-Szabo, E., Csanyi, B., Eordogh, R., et al. (2010). Mitochondrial sequence variation in ancient horses from the Carpathian Basin and possible modern relatives. Genetica. 138 (2): 211–218. doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9411-x. PMID 19789983. S2CID 578727.
  • Raudsepp, T., Finno, C.J., Bellone, R.R., Petersen, J.L. (2019). Ten years of the horse reference genome: insights into equine biology, domestication and population dynamics in the post-genome era. Anim Genet. 50(6):569-597. doi: 10.1111/age.12857. Epub 2019 Sep 30. PMID: 31568563; PMCID: PMC6825885.
  • Raynal, Nj.M., Si, J., Taby, R.F., Gharibyan, V., Ahmed, S., Jelinek, J., et al. (2012). DNA methylationdoes not stablylock gene expression but instead serves as a molecular mark for gene silencing memory. Cancer Res. 72, 1170–1181. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3248.
  • Rodriguez, C., Tomas, A., Alves, E., Ramirez, O., Arque, M., Munoz, G., et al. (2005). QTL mapping for teat number in an Iberian-by-Meishanpiginter cross. Anim. Genet. 36, 490–496. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01358.x Rollin, B. (2011). Putting the horse before Descartes: My Life’s Work On Behalf Of Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Ross-Ibarra, J. (2004). The evolution of recombination under domestication: a test of two hypotheses. Am. Nat. 163, 105–112. doi: 10.1086/380606.
  • Sauvet, G. (2019). The Hierarchy of Animals in the Paleolithic Iconography. Journal of Archeological Science: Reports, 28, 102025.
  • Teletchea, F. (2019). Animal Domestication: A Brief Overview. Animal Domestication, Intech Open.
  • Trut, L., Oskina, I., Kharlamova, A. (2009). Animal evolution during domestication: The domesticated fox as a model. Bioessays 31: 349-360.
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Domestication and Origins of the Modern Horse Breeds

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 51 - 61, 26.06.2022

Erva Eser , Serkan Erat

Abstract

This study aimed to collect some studies which focused on modern horse breeds' genetic origins and effects of domestication on horses. Domestication, the first step of using animals by humanity. Many variations are shaped modern animal species and breeds, also animal breeding techniques and science. Horses have a place in livestock animals from the past to the present day. Many studies focused on the genetic origins and domestication of modern horse breeds. Recent studies demonstrated domestication areas, and genetic origins of horses, and changed in filial trees.

Keywords

Horse domestication genetic origins

References

  • Achiili, A., Olivieri, A., Soares, P., Lancioni, H., Kashani, B.H., Perego, U.A., et al. (2012). Mitochondrial genomes from modern horses reveal the majör haplogroups that underwent domestication. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA., 14;109(7):2449-54. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111637109.
  • Aksu, S., Aktopraklıgil, D., Koban, E., Aslan, Ö., Denizci, M., Balcıoğlu, K., et al. (2010). Gen kaynaklarının ve Biyoçeşitliliğin korunması kapsamında yerli at ırklarının genetic karakterizasyonu (Abstract English). BIDAB 3(1): 121-130.
  • Bocquet-Appel, J.P. (2008). “Explaining the Neolithic demographic transition,” in The Neolithic Demographic Transition And Its Consequences, eds J. P. Bocquet Appel, and O. Bar-Yosef (Dordrecht: Springer), 35–55.
  • Bruford, M.W, Bradley, D.G., Luikart, G. (2003). DNA markers reveal the complexity of livestock domestication. Nat. Rev. Genet. 4:900. doi: 10.1038/ nrg1203.
  • Budiansky, S. (1997). The Nature of Horses. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-82768-1.
  • Cai, D., Tang, Z., Han, L., Speller, C.F., Yang, D.Y, Ma, X., et al. (2009). Ancient DNA provides new insights into the origin of the Chinese Domestic Horse. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36 (3): 835-842.
  • Chamberlin, J.E. (2006). Horse: How the horse has shaped civilization? New York: Blue Bridge. https://archive.org/details/horsehowhorsehas0000cham_n2o8 (Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2021).
  • Cieslak, M., Pruvost, M., Benecke, N., Hofreiter, M., Morales, A., Reissmann, M., et al. (2010). Origin and history of mitochondrial DNA lineages in domestic horses. PLoS One, 5: e15311. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015311.
  • Clutton-Brock, J. (1999). A natural history of domesticated mammals. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Cozzi, M.C., Strillacci, M.G., Valiati, P., Bighignoli, B., Cancedd, M., Zanotti, M. (2004). Mitochondrial D-loop sequence variation among Italian horse breeds. Genetics Selection Evolution. 36 (6): 663–672. doi:10.1051/gse:2004023
  • Diamond, J. (1997).Guns, germs and steel: The fates of human societies. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-03891-0.
  • Ertuğrul, E. (2019). Mağara Resimlerinde Atların Önemi. Arkeofili Online. https://arkeofili.com/magara-resimlerinde-atlarin-ozel-bir-yeri-vardi/.
  • Fages, A., Hanghoj, K., Khan, N., Gaunitz, C., Seguin-Orlando, A., et al. (2019). Tracking five millennia of horse management with extensive ancient genome time series. Cell, 177: 1419-1435.
  • Fallahsharoudi, A., de Kock, N., Johnsson, M., Bektic, L., Ubhayasekera, S.J., Bergquist, J., et al. (2017). Genetic and targeted eQTL mapping reveals strong candidate genes modulating the stress response during chicken domestication. G3 (Bethesda). 7 (2): 497-504. doi: 10.1534/g3.116.037721. PMID: 27974436; PMCID: PMC5295596.
  • Franklin, T.B., Russig, H., Weiss, I.C., Gräff, J., Linder, N., Michalon, A., et al. (2010). Epigenetic transmission of the impact of early stress across generations. BiolPsychiatry. 68(5): 408-15.
  • Gaunitz, C., Fages, A., Hanghøj, K., Albrechtsen, A., Khan, N., Schubert, M., et al. (2018).Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski's horses. Science. 360 (6384): 111–114.
  • Giuffra, E., Kijas, J., Amarger, V., Carlborg, O., Jeon, J.T., Andersson, L. (2000). The origin of the domestic pig: independent domestication and subsequent intro gression. Genetics 154, 1785–1791.
  • Goerlich,V.C., Nätt, D., Elfwing, M., Macdonald, B., Jensen, P. (2012). Trans generational effects of early experience on behavioral, hormonal and gene expression response stoacute stress in the precocial chicken. Horm. Behav. 61, 711–718. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.03.006.
  • Guerrero-Bosagna, C., Settles, M., Lucker, B., Skinner. M.K. (2010). Epigenetic transgenerational actions of vinclozolin on promoter regions of the sperm epiogenome. PlosOne, 5 (9): e13100.
  • Hausberger, M., Roche, H., Henry, S., Visser, E.K. (2008). A review of the human–horse relationship. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 109, 1–24.
  • Hayden, E.C. (2013). "First horses arose 4 million years ago". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2013.13261.
  • Jansen, T., Forster, P., Levine, M.A., Oelke, H., Hurles, M., Renfrew, C., et al. (2002)."Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (16): 10905–10910. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9910905J. doi:10.1073/pnas.152330099. PMC 125071. PMID 12130666.
  • Jensen, P., Wrigt, D. (2014). Behavioral Genetics and Animal Domestication, in Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals. Chapter II, 41-80. Ed. Gonzalez P. Elsevier.
  • Khatkar, M.S., Thomson, P.C., Tammen, I., Raadsma, H.W. (2004). Quantitative trait loci mapping in dairy cattle: review and meta-analysis. Genet. Select. Evol. 36:163. doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-36-2-163.
  • Kukekova, A.V., Trut, L.N., Chase, K., Kharlamova, A.V., Johnson, J.L., Temnykh, S.Y., et al. (2011). Mapping loci for fox domestication: deconstruction / reconstruction of a behavioral phenotype. Behav. Genet. 41, 593–606. doi: 10.1007/s10519-010-9418-1.
  • Larson, G. (2011). Genetics and domestication: important questions for new answers. Curr. Anthropol. 52: 485–495.
  • Larson, G. (2017). Reconsidering the distribution of gray wolves. Zool. Res. 38: 115. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.021.
  • Larson, G., Burger, J. (2013). A population genetics view of animal domestication. Trends Genet. 29: 197–205. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.01.003.
  • Larson, G., Fuller, D.Q. (2014). The evolution of animal domestication. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 45: 115–136.
  • Lau, A.N., Peng, L., Goto, H., Chemnick, L., Ryder, O.A., Makova, K.D. (2009).Horse domestication and conservation genetics of Przewalski's Horse in ferred from sex chromosomal and autosomal sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 26 (1): 199–208. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn239. PMID 18931383.
  • Lesté-Lasserre, C. (2015). Excitement, feeling and attachment’s impact on training. The Horse. https://thehorse.com/116463/excitement-feeling-and-attachments-impact-on-training/ (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2021).
  • Levine, M.A. (1999). Botai and the origins of the horse domestication. Journal of Antrhopological Archeology. 18: 29-78.
  • Lindgren, G.N., Backström, J., Swinburne, L., Hellborg, A., Einarsson, K., Sandberg, G., et al. (2004). Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication. Nat. Genet. 36: 335-336.
  • Lira, J., Linderholm, A., Olaria, C., Brandstro, M., Durling, M., Gilbert, M.T.P., et al. (2010) Ancient DNA reveals traces of Iberian Neolithic and Bronze Age lineages in modern Iberian horses. Molecular Ecology 19: 64–78.
  • Loftus, R.T., Machugh, D.E., Bradley, D.G., Sharp, P.M., Cunningham, P. (1994). Evidence for two independent domestications of cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 2757–2761. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.7.2757.
  • Mair, V.H., Hickman, J. (2014). Reconfiguiring the Silk Road: New research on East-West Exchange in antiquity. University of Pennsylvania Press. P. 15. ISBN: 978-1934536698.
  • Orlando, L., Ginolhac, A., Zhang, G., Froese, D., Albrechtsen, A., Stiller, M., et al. (2013). "Recalibrating Equus evolution using the genome sequence of an early Middle Pleistocene horse". Nature. 499 (7456): 74–8.Bibcode:2013Natur.499...74O. doi:10.1038/nature12323. PMID 23803765. S2CID 4318227.
  • Özbeyaz, C., Akçapınar, H. (2021). Hayvan Yetiştiriciliği (Temel Bilgiler). Medisan Yayınları, Ankara. Pennisi, E. (2018). "Ancient DNA up ends the horse family tree". sciencemag.org. (Erişim tarihi: 24.05.2021). Pértille, F., Brantsaeter, M., Nordgreen, J., Coutinho, L.L., Janczak, A.M., Jensen, P., et al. (2017). DNA methylation profiles in red blood cells of adult hens correlate with the irrearing conditions. J. Exp. Biol. 220, 3579–3587. doi: 10.1242/jeb.157891.
  • Piras, F.M., Nergadze, S.G., Poletto, V., Cerutti, F., Ryder, O.A., Leeb, T., et al. (2009). Phylogeny of horse chromosome 5q in the genus Equus and centromere repositioning. Cytogenetic and Genome Research. 126 (1–2): 165–172. doi:10.1159/000245916. PMID 20016166. S2CID 24884868.
  • Price, E.O. (2002). Animal Domestication and Behavior. Wallingford: CABI.
  • Priskin, K., Szabo, K., Tomory, G., Bogacsi-Szabo, E., Csanyi, B., Eordogh, R., et al. (2010). Mitochondrial sequence variation in ancient horses from the Carpathian Basin and possible modern relatives. Genetica. 138 (2): 211–218. doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9411-x. PMID 19789983. S2CID 578727.
  • Raudsepp, T., Finno, C.J., Bellone, R.R., Petersen, J.L. (2019). Ten years of the horse reference genome: insights into equine biology, domestication and population dynamics in the post-genome era. Anim Genet. 50(6):569-597. doi: 10.1111/age.12857. Epub 2019 Sep 30. PMID: 31568563; PMCID: PMC6825885.
  • Raynal, Nj.M., Si, J., Taby, R.F., Gharibyan, V., Ahmed, S., Jelinek, J., et al. (2012). DNA methylationdoes not stablylock gene expression but instead serves as a molecular mark for gene silencing memory. Cancer Res. 72, 1170–1181. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3248.
  • Rodriguez, C., Tomas, A., Alves, E., Ramirez, O., Arque, M., Munoz, G., et al. (2005). QTL mapping for teat number in an Iberian-by-Meishanpiginter cross. Anim. Genet. 36, 490–496. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01358.x Rollin, B. (2011). Putting the horse before Descartes: My Life’s Work On Behalf Of Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Ross-Ibarra, J. (2004). The evolution of recombination under domestication: a test of two hypotheses. Am. Nat. 163, 105–112. doi: 10.1086/380606.
  • Sauvet, G. (2019). The Hierarchy of Animals in the Paleolithic Iconography. Journal of Archeological Science: Reports, 28, 102025.
  • Teletchea, F. (2019). Animal Domestication: A Brief Overview. Animal Domestication, Intech Open.
  • Trut, L., Oskina, I., Kharlamova, A. (2009). Animal evolution during domestication: The domesticated fox as a model. Bioessays 31: 349-360.
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Erva Eser 0000-0002-9827-6288

Serkan Erat 0000-0002-9549-8694

Publication Date June 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Eser, E., & Erat, S. (2022). Domestication and Origins of the Modern Horse Breeds. Bahri Dağdaş Hayvancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 11(1), 51-61.
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