Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Hatice Kılınç (baysal)

doi:10.38057/bifd.2002397

EN TR

Psychosocial Dynamics of Women’s Entrepreneurship: A Study Based on Life Histories

Abstract

This study aims to examine how women entrepreneurs relate their early life experiences to their entrepreneurial decisions and motivations through their life stories. Grounded in the Life-Course Approach, the study adopts a qualitative life story design. The study group consists of 10 women entrepreneurs operating in different sectors in Isparta, Türkiye. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis supported by MAXQDA 2020. The findings indicate that family structure, family work culture, economic conditions, early responsibilities, and childhood play experiences feature prominently in participants' life narratives. Personal characteristics such as self-confidence, responsibility, independence, determination, and opportunity recognition acquire meaning in relation to experiences across different stages of their lives. Participants' narratives suggest that entrepreneurial decisions are associated not only with economic conditions in adulthood but also with past experiences and personal evaluations. The study's focus on 10 women entrepreneurs in Isparta should be considered when assessing the transferability of its findings to other contexts. By examining possible relationships among early life experiences, psychosocial characteristics, and entrepreneurial decisions within the Life-Course Approach, the study contributes qualitative insights based on women's life stories to the literature on women's entrepreneurship.

Keywords

Women’s Entrepreneurship, Life Stories, Life-Course Approach, Early Life Experiences, Psychosocial Characteristics

Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Bu araştırma, kadın girişimcilerin erken yaşam deneyimlerini girişimcilik karar ve motivasyonlarıyla nasıl ilişkilendirdiklerini yaşam öyküleri üzerinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yaşam Seyri Yaklaşımı temelinde yürütülen araştırmada nitel yaşam öyküsü deseni benimsenmiştir. Çalışma grubunu Isparta'da farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren 10 kadın girişimci oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış yüz yüze görüşmeler aracılığıyla toplanmış ve MAXQDA 2020 programından yararlanılarak tematik analizle çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular, aile yapısı, aile içinde aktarılan çalışma kültürü, ekonomik koşullar, erken yaşta üstlenilen sorumluluklar ve çocukluk oyunlarının katılımcıların yaşam anlatılarında öne çıktığını göstermektedir. Özgüven, sorumluluk alma, bağımsızlık, kararlılık ve fırsatları değerlendirme gibi özellikler ise katılımcıların farklı yaşam dönemlerine ilişkin deneyimleriyle birlikte anlam kazanmaktadır. Katılımcı anlatıları, girişimcilik kararlarının yalnızca yetişkinlik dönemindeki ekonomik koşullarla değil, geçmiş yaşam deneyimleri ve kişisel değerlendirmelerle de ilişkilendirildiğine işaret etmektedir. Araştırmanın Isparta'da faaliyet gösteren 10 kadın girişimciyle sınırlı olması, bulguların farklı bağlamlara aktarılabilirliği açısından dikkate alınmalıdır. Araştırma, erken yaşam deneyimleri, psikososyal özellikler ve girişimcilik kararları arasındaki olası ilişkileri Yaşam Seyri Yaklaşımı çerçevesinde değerlendirerek kadın girişimciliği literatürüne yaşam öykülerine dayalı nitel bir katkı sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Kadın Girişimciliği, Yaşam Öyküsü, Yaşam Seyri Yaklaşımı, Erken Yaşam Deneyimleri, Psikososyal Özellikler

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın etik uygunluğu, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulu tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve çalışma kapsam ve uygulama açısından etik ilkelere ve insan haklarına uygun bulunmuştur (Toplantı Tarihi: 03.12.2025; Karar No: 9).

References

Ahl, H. (2006). Why research on women entrepreneurs needs new directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(5), 595–621. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00138.x
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Aldrich, H. E., & Cliff, J. E. (2003). The pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship: Toward a family embeddedness perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(5), 573–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00011-9
Aldrich, H. E., & Kim, P. H. (2007). A life course perspective on occupational inheritance: Self-employed parents and their children. In M. Ruef & M. Lounsbury (Eds.), The sociology of entrepreneurship (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 25. bs., ss. 33–82). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-558X(06)25002-X
Arnab, S., Brown, K., Clarke, S., Dunwell, I., Lim, T., Suttie, N., & De Freitas, S. (2023). Playful learning and game-based education: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies, 28(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11663-2
Atkinson, R. (1998). The life story interview. SAGE Publications.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
Baysal, H. (2021). Covid-19 pandemi döneminde kadın girişimciler: Yerelden bakışla pandemi algısı, sorunlar ve beklentiler. Gazi Kitabevi. ISBN: 978-625-735-8903

Bird, B. (1988). Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intention. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 442–453. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1988.4306970
Boz, A., Özdemir, A., & Yıldız, B. (2013). Women entrepreneurs’ personality characteristics and parents’ parenting style profile in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 99, 652–660.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Brush, C. G. (1992). Research on women business owners: Past trends, a new perspective and future directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(4), 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879201600401
Carter, S., & Shaw, E. (2006). Women's business ownership: Recent research and policy developments. Small Business Service.
Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self‐efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3
Collins, C. J., Hanges, P. J., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of achievement motivation to entrepreneurial behavior: A meta-analysis. Human Performance, 17(1), 95-117. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327043HUP1701_5
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3. bs.). SAGE Publications.
Drennan, J., Kennedy, J., & Renfrow, P. (2005). Impact of childhood experiences on the development of entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 6(4), 231–238.
Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation. Erlbaum.
Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109(3), 573–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573
Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2012). Social role theory. P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (2. bs., ss. 458–476). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249222.n4
Elder, G. H., Jr., Johnson, M. K., & Crosnoe, R. (2003). The emergence and development of life course theory. J. T. Mortimer & M. J. Shanahan (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (ss. 3–19). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48247-2_1
Ginsburg, K. R. (2007). The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bonds. Pediatrics, 119(1), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-2697
Greene, F. J., Han, L., & Marlow, S. (2013). Like mother, like daughter? Analyzing maternal influences upon women's entrepreneurial propensity. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(4), 687–711. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00531.x
Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., Wasti, S. A., & Sikdar, A. (2009). The role of gender stereotypes in perceptions of entrepreneurs and intentions to become an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 397–417. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00296.x
Hennink, M., & Kaiser, B. N. (2022). Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social Science & Medicine, 292, Article 114523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523
Huizinga, J. (2006). Homo Ludens: Oyunun toplumsal işlevi üzerine bir deneme (M. Ali Kılıçbay, Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları. (Orijinal çalışma 1938 yılında yayımlanmıştır)
Jayawarna, D., Jones, O. & Macpherson, A. (2014). Entrepreneurial potential: The role of human and cultural capitals. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 32(8), 918-943. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242614525795
Jennings, J. E., & Brush, C. G. (2013). Research on women entrepreneurs: Challenges to (and from) the broader entrepreneurship literature. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), 663–715. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2013.782190
Johansen, V., & Foss, L. (2013). The effects of entrepreneurship education—Does gender matter? International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 20(3), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2013.056889
Krueger, N. F. (1993). The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(1), 5–21.
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5–6), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
Kutanis, R. (2006). Girişimci kadınlar, Degişim Yayınevi.
Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (2. bs.). SAGE Publications.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: Guided by information power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1753–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444
Mayer, K. U. (2009). New directions in life course research. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 413–433. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134619
McClelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. Van Nostrand.
McClelland, D. C., & Winter, D. G. (1969). Motivating economic achievement. Free Press.
Obschonka, M., Duckworth, K., Silbereisen, R. K., & Schoon, I. (2012). Social competencies in childhood and adolescence and entrepreneurship in young adulthood: A two-study analysis. International Journal of Developmental Science, 6(3–4), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.3233/DEV-2012-12108
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4. bs.). SAGE Publications.
Rauch, A., & Frese, M. (2007). Let's put the person back into entrepreneurship research: A meta-analysis on the relationship between business owners' personality traits, business creation, and success. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 16(4), 353–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320701595438
Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2004). Pathways to successful entrepreneurship: Parenting, personality, early entrepreneurial competence, and interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(3), 498-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2003.10.007
Schoon, I., & Duckworth, K. (2012). Who becomes an entrepreneur? Early life experiences as predictors of entrepreneurship. Developmental Psychology, 48(6), 1719–1726. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029168
Settersten, R. A., Jr. (2003). Age structuring and the rhythm of the life course. J. T. Mortimer & M. J. Shanahan (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (ss. 81–98). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48247-2_4
Sexton, D. L., & Bowman-Upton, N. (1990). Female and male entrepreneurs: Psychological characteristics and their role in gender-related discrimination. Journal of Business Venturing, 5(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(90)90024-N
Shane, S., Locke, E. A., & Collins, C. J. (2003). Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource Management Review, 13(2), 257–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(03)00017-2
Shapero, A., & Sokol, L. (1982). The social dimensions of entrepreneurship. C. Kent, D. Sexton, & K. Vesper (Eds.), Encyclopedia of entrepreneurship (ss. 72–90). Prentice Hall.
Sweida, G. L., & Tallman, J. (2021). Early life experiences and entrepreneurial propensity. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(2), 316–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2019.1659678
Tarling, C., Jones, P., & Murphy, L. (2016). Influence of early exposure to family business experience on developing entrepreneurs. Education + Training, 58(7/8), 733–750. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-03-2016-0050
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes (M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman, Eds.). Harvard University Press.
Whitebread, D., Neale, D., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Solis, S. L., Hopkins, E., Hirsh-Pasek, K., & Zosh, J. (2017). The role of play in children’s development: A review of the evidence. LEGO Foundation. https://cms.learningthroughplay.com/media/esriqz2x/role-of-play-in-childrens-development-review_web.pdf
Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00179.x
Yetim, N. (2002). Sosyal sermaye olarak kadın girişimciler: Mersin örneği, Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 2(2), 79–92.
Yi, J., Chu, J., & Png, I. P. L. (2022). Early-life exposure to hardship increased risk tolerance and entrepreneurship in adulthood with gender differences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(15), e2104033119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104033119
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265–1272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265
Zosh, J. M., Hopkins, E. J., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Neale, D., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Solis, S. L., & Whitebread, D. (2017). Learning through play: A review of the evidence. The LEGO Foundation. https://cms.learningthroughplay.com/media/wmtlmbe0/learning-through-play_web.pdf

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Entrepreneurship

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Hatice Kılınç (baysal) ^*
0000-0002-4443-2564
Türkiye

Publication Date

October 29, 2026

Submission Date

July 27, 2026

Acceptance Date

October 14, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.2002397

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA72DJ35AS

APA

Kılınç (baysal), H. (2026). Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 242-257. https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.2002397

AMA

1.Kılınç (baysal) H. Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;9(2):242-257. doi:10.38057/bifd.2002397

Chicago

Kılınç (baysal), Hatice. 2026. “Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme”. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 9 (2): 242-57. https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.2002397.

EndNote

Kılınç (baysal) H (October 1, 2026) Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 9 2 242–257.

IEEE

[1]H. Kılınç (baysal), “Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme”, Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 242–257, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.38057/bifd.2002397.

ISNAD

Kılınç (baysal), Hatice. “Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme”. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 9/2 (October 1, 2026): 242-257. https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.2002397.

JAMA

1.Kılınç (baysal) H. Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;9:242–257.

MLA

Kılınç (baysal), Hatice. “Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme”. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, Oct. 2026, pp. 242-57, doi:10.38057/bifd.2002397.

Vancouver

1.Hatice Kılınç (baysal). Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026 Oct. 1;9(2):242-57. doi:10.38057/bifd.2002397

24443

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Psychosocial Dynamics of Women’s Entrepreneurship: A Study Based on Life Histories

Abstract

Keywords

Kadın Girişimciliğinin Psikososyal Dinamikleri: Yaşam Hikâyeleri Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite