Leadership in Maritime: Assessing the effect of Leadership Motivation and Fear

Year 2019, , 51 - 57, 30.03.2019

Leyla Tavacıoğlu , Özge Eski , Umut Taç Neslihan Gökmen Burak Uzun Ufukcan Tirgil

https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.489067

Abstract

Leadership in Maritime: Assessing the effect of Leadership Motivation and Fear

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the relations among selective information processing
about role models (SIP), motivation to lead (MTL), fear of leadership (FOL), role model evaluation and
regulatory focus. It is obvious that the appropriate leadership are essential for safety at sea. In literature
review, innotivation in academic and health domains by positive and negative role models depending on
regulatory focus was investigated. This research study targets leader and leader candidate seafarers and uses
randomsampling methods. Data were collected from 200 students of ITU Maritime Faculty and 40 master
(leader) seafarers working in the Shipping companies. Data were gathered online through Qualtrics. 6
different types of questionnaires were applied. SIP, a hypothetical role model text describing the event of
the leading seafarer was presented. Role model evaluation, participants were asked to rate how happyunhappy, successful-unsuccessful they thought the leader was and how positive-negative the leadership
experience of the role model was and how much they aspired to be like this role model. MTL has three
subscales: affective, noncalculative, social-normative. Regulatory focus is composed of two subscales
assessing prevention and promotion focus. FOL has 16 items that comprised of a list of possible negative
consequences of leadership. Finally, 7 demographic questions were asked and scales compared according
to demographics. relationships between factors were assessed by correlation analysis Bivariate correlation
analysis was used to determine relations between scales and multiple linear regression analysis was used to
determine the factors affected the MTL and FOL. Backward variable selection used to determine the
significant parameters. It is seen that, MTL is affecting promotion focus and FOL. FOL is affecting
prevention focus and MTL.

Keywords

Leadership, Motivation, Role Model, , Seafarer

References

• Hoyle, R.H., (1995). Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications: Sage.
• Chan, K. Y., & Drasgow, F. (2001). Toward a theory of individual differences and leadership: Understanding the motivation to lead. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 481–498.
• Brockner, J., Higgins, E.T., (2001). Regulatory focus theory: implications for the study of emotions at work. Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes 86 (1), 35–66.
• Wagenmakers E., Farrel S. (2002). AIC model selection using Akaike weights. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 192-196.
• Lockwood, P., Jordan, C., & Kunda, Z. (2002). Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 854–864.
• Lockwood, P., Sadler, P., Fyman, K., & Tuck, S. (2004). To do or not to do: Using positive and negative role models to harness motivation. Social Cognition, 22, 422-450.
• Lee, A., & Aaker, J. (2004). Bringing the frame into focus: The influence of regulatory fit on processing fluency and persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 205–18.
• Lockwood, P., Chasteen, A. L., & Wong, C. (2005). Age and regulatory focus determine preferences for health-related role models. Psychology and Aging, 20, 376-389.
• Canacik, B. (2006). Environmental scanning and interpretation of institutionalism by middle sized family enterprises in the Marmara Region, Turkey. Master’s Thesis, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Higgins, E. T. (2012). Regulatory focus theory. In P. Van Lange, A. Kruglanski, & E. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology. 1, 483-505, London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
• Tabachnick, B.G., and Fidell, L.S., (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (Sixth ed.). Boston: Pearson.
• Luria, G., & Berson, Y. (2013). How do leadership motives affect informal and formal leadership emergence?. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 995-1015.
• Tavacioglu, L., Cap, H., Bolat, P., Zorluoglu. G. “Investigation of The Management and Leadership Concepts in Maritime Sector: A Sample Study Amongst Turkish Seafarers", 06/2014, s. 110-117, 6th International conference on Maritime Transport, Barcelona, 25.06.2014 - 27.06.2014.
• Aycan, Z., Baskurt, A. B., Bicaker, E. et.al. (2014). Conceptualization and measurement of fear of leadership (FOL). Presented at International Congress of Applied Psychology. Paris, July.
• Sandal, C. (2014). Motivation to Lead: The Role of Regulatory Focus, Role Models and Fear of Leadership. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Koç Üniversitesi, Türkiye: İstanbul.
• Awang, Z., Afthanorhan, W.M.A.W., and Asri, M., (2015). Parametric and NonParametric Approach in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM): The Application of Bootstrapping. Modern Applied Science, 9(9), 58.
• Çokluk, Ö. Şekercioğlu, G. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık. 4.Baskı. Ankara.
• Gökçek, V., Tavacıoğlu, L. (2018). A Quantitative Analysis on Leisure Particibation of Turkish Seafarers by Structural Ecuation Modeling, Engineering Science, 2/13, 137-155.