Research Article
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Antifungal Efficacy of Mint Essential Oil Against Penicillium spp. Inoculated on Carrots

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 9 - 16, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1206873

Abstract

Current research aims to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, and in vitro and in situ antifungal activities of commercially available Mentha arvensis essential oil (mint, MEO). The identification of the volatile substances was done using Gas chromatography–Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. A total of 42 components representing 99.5% of the total oil were identified. The main compounds in the oil were menthol (37.3%), menthone (17.4%), neo-menthol (14.1%), and 1,8-cineole (4.9%). Antioxidant assays (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) demonstrate only weak activity for the MEO in values 195.00 ± 5.30 μg TEAC.mL-1, with 22.8 ± 1.2% free radical-scavenging inhibition. Evaluation of in vitro and in situ antifungal activities of MEO (in four concentrations: 62.5 µL/L, 125 µL/L, 250 µL/L, and 250 µL/L) against three strains of Penicillium (P.) spp. fungi strains (P. expansum, P. citrinum, P. crustosum) were assessed by disc diffusion method and vapor contact method on the carrot as model food, respectively. The suitability of carrots as a substrate for analyzes was verified by determining moisture content (MC) and water activity (aw), which showed values of 82.80 ± 2.33% and 0.959 ± 0.001, respectively. MEO exhibited promising antifungal activity against analyzed strains of test fungi as a diameter of zones of inhibition (from 2.88 ± 0.55 to 12.33 ± 1.14 mm), as well as the effectiveness of this oil was detected on the carrot model (from -5.41 ± 7.35 to 100.00 ± 0.00%). Moreover, it can be concluded that the growth inhibition of fungi strains significantly depends (P < 0.05) on the concentration of the MEO used in both procedures. Our results suggest that MEO, as a promising natural antifungal agent, can be applied in the innovative packaging of food products including carrots.

References

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  • Akdogan, H., (1999). High moisture food extrusion. International journal of food science & technology, 34(3), 195-207.
  • Anwar, F., Abbas, A., Mehmood, T., Gilani, A.H., Rehman, N.U., (2019). Mentha: A genus rich in vital nutra‐pharmaceuticals—A review. Phytotherapy Research, 33(10), 2548-2570.
  • Benabdallah, A., Boumendjel, M., Aissi, O., Rahmoune, C., Boussaid, M., Messaoud, C., (2018). Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory of wild Mentha species from northeastern Algeria. South African Journal of Botany, 116, 131-139.
  • Bibi, S., Ali, S., Shahidin, I. U., Rauf, A., Arif, M., Umar, M., Khan, A.L., Hussain, M., Ghani, A., Ali, H., Jan, A., Shuaib, M., (2021). Chemical composition and anti-microbial analysis of Mentha arvensis L. and Thymus linearis Benth. essential oils of leaves. Rom Biotechnol Lett., 26(5): 2893-2900.
  • Bokhari, N., Perveen, K., Al Khulaifi, M., Kumar, A., Siddiqui, I., (2016). In vitro antibacterial activity and chemical composition of essential oil of Mentha arvensis Linn. leaves. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(4), 907-915.
  • Bose, S.K., Yadav, R.K., Mishra, S., Sangwan, R.S., Singh, A.K., Mishra, B., Sangwan, N.S., (2013). Effect of gibberellic acid and calliterpenone on plant growth attributes, trichomes, essential oil biosynthesis and pathway gene expression in differential manner in Mentha arvensis L. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 66, 150-158.
  • Boukhatem, B.M.N, Amine, F.M., Abdelkrim, K., Fairouz, S., Maamar, M., (2014). Liquid and vapour phase antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil= susceptibility of selected respiratory tract pathogens. American Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10(3), 105.
  • Burt, S., (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—a review. International journal of food microbiology, 94(3), 223-253.
  • Cazier, J.B., Gekas, V. (2001). Water activity and its prediction: A review. International Journal of Food Properties, 4(1), 35-43.
  • Dagnas, S., Gougouli, M., Onno, B., Koutsoumanis, K.P., Membré, J. M., (2017). Quantifying the effect of water activity and storage temperature on single spore lag times of three moulds isolated from spoiled bakery products. International journal of food microbiology, 240, 75-84.
  • de Sousa Barros, A., de Morais, S.M., Ferreira, P.A.T., Vieira, Í.G.P., Craveiro, A.A., dos Santos Fontenelle, R.O., de Sousa, H.A., (2015). Chemical composition and functional properties of essential oils from Mentha species. Industrial Crops and Products, 76, 557-564.
  • Edris, A.E., Farrag, E.S., (2003). Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oils and their major aroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase. Food/Nahrung, 47(2), 117-121.
  • Fisher, K., Phillips, C., (2008). Potential antimicrobial uses of essential oils in food: is citrus the answer?. Trends in food science & technology, 19(3), 156-164.
  • Galovičová, L., Borotová, P., Valková, V., Vukovic, N. L., Vukic, M., Terentjeva, M., Štefániková, J., Ďúranová, H., Kowalczewski, P.L., Kačániová, M., (2021). Thymus serpyllum Essential Oil and Its Biological Activity as a Modern Food Preserver. Plants, 10(7), 1416.
  • Gudimella, K.K., Appidi, T., Wu, H.F., Battula, V., Jogdand, A., Rengan, A.K., Gedda, G., (2021). Sand bath assisted green synthesis of carbon dots from citrus fruit peels for free radical scavenging and cell imaging. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 197, 111362.
  • Higgins, C.L., Filip, S.V., Afsar, A., Colquhoun, H.M., Hayes, W., (2021). From food to mobility: investigating a screening assay for new automotive antioxidants using the stable radical DPPH. ChemistrySelect, 6(34), 9179-9184.
  • Hussain, A.I., Anwar, F., Nigam, P.S., Ashraf, M., Gilani, A.H., (2010). Seasonal variation in content, chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from four Mentha species. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(11), 1827-1836.
  • Chagas, E.C., Majolo, C., Monteiro, P.C., Oliveira, M.R.D., Gama, P.E., Bizzo, H.R., Chaves, F.C.M., (2020). Composition of essential oils of Mentha species and their antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas spp. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 32(3), 209-215.
  • Kačániová, M., Galovičová, L., Ivanišová, E., Vukovic, N.L., Štefániková, J., Valková, V., Borotová, P., Žiarovská, J., Terentjeva, M., Felšöciová, S., Tvrdá, E., (2020). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil for its application in foods. Foods, 9(3), 282.
  • Kasrati, A., Alaoui Jamali, C., Bekkouche, K., Wohlmuth, H., Leach, D., Abbad, A., (2015). Comparative evaluation of antioxidant and insecticidal properties of essential oils from five Moroccan aromatic herbs. Journal of food science and technology, 52(4), 2312-2319.
  • Khan, A.A., Amjad, M.S., (2019). GC-MS analysis and biological activities of Thymus vulgaris and Mentha arvensis essential oil. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 44(3), 388-396.
  • Lubbe, A., Verpoorte, R., (2011). Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants for specialty industrial materials. Industrial crops and products, 34(1), 785-801.
  • Makkar, M.K., Sharma, S., Kaur, H., (2018). Evaluation of Mentha arvensis essential oil and its major constituents for fungitoxicity. Journal of food science and technology, 55(9), 3840-3844.
  • Manh, H.D., Tuyet, O.T. (2020)., Larvicidal and repellent activity of Mentha arvensis L. essential oil against Aedes aegypti. Insects, 11(3), 198.
  • Mata, A.T., Proença, C., Ferreira, A.R., Serralheiro, M.L.M., Nogueira, J.M.F., Araújo, M.E.M. (2007). Antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of five plants used as Portuguese food spices. Food chemistry, 103(3), 778-786.
  • Nazim, M., Nawaz, A., Anjum, S., Ali, M., Maryam, H., (2020). Mentha arvensis, a medicinal and aromatic plant, has high nutritional value and several-uses: A review. Buletin Agroteknologi, 1(2), 37-49.
  • Pandey, A.K., Rai, M.K., Acharya, D., (2003). Chemical composition and antimycotic activity of the essential oils of corn mint (Mentha arvensis) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) against human pathogenic fungi. Pharmaceutical Biology, 41(6), 421-425.
  • Piran, P., Kafil, H.S., Ghanbarzadeh, S., Safdari, R., Hamishehkar, H., (2017). Formulation of menthol-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers to enhance its antimicrobial activity for food preservation. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 7(2), 261.
  • Qiu, L., Zhang, M., Tang, J., Adhikari, B., Cao, P. (2019)., Innovative technologies for producing and preserving intermediate moisture foods: A review. Food Research International, 116, 90-102.
  • Rajeev, B., AbdKarim, A., Gopinadhan, P., (2012). Factors Affecting the Growth of Microorganisms in Food. Progress in Food Preservation (Second ed.), John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Ribeiro-Santos, R., Andrade, M., Sanches-Silva, A., de Melo, N.R., (2018). Essential oils for food application: Natural substances with established biological activities. Food and bioprocess technology, 11(1), 43-71.
  • Saba, I., Anwar, F., (2018). Effect of harvesting regions on physico-chemical and biological attributes of supercritical fluid-extracted spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaves essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(2), 400-419.
  • Saeed, K., Pasha, I., Jahangir Chughtai, M.F., Ali, Z., Bukhari, H.,Zuhair, M., (2022). Application of essential oils in food industry: challenges and innovation. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 34(2), 97-110.
  • Samber, N., Khan, A., Varma, A., Manzoor, N., (2015). Synergistic anti-candidal activity and mode of action of Mentha piperita essential oil and its major components. Pharmaceutical biology, 53(10), 1496-1504.
  • Shahrzad, S., Alireza, K., (2019). Inhibitory effect of menthol on expression of aspartyl proteinase 1 in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, 8(1).
  • Singh, P., Pandey, A. K. (2018)., Prospective of essential oils of the genus Mentha as biopesticides: A review. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1295.
  • Souza, M.A., Lemos, M.J., Brito, D.M., Fernandes, M.S., Castro, R.N., Souza, S.R., (2014). Production and quality of menthol mint essential oil and antifungal and antigerminative activity. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(21), 3311.
  • Syamaladevi, R.M., Tang, J., Villa‐Rojas, R., Sablani, S., Carter, B., Campbell, G., (2016). Influence of water activity on thermal resistance of microorganisms in low‐moisture foods: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 15(2), 353-370.
  • Tafrihi, M., Imran, M., Tufail, T., Gondal, T.A., Caruso, G., Sharma, S., Pezzani, R., (2021). The wonderful activities of the genus Mentha: Not only antioxidant properties. Molecules, 26(4), 1118.
  • Thawkar, B.S., (2016). Phytochemical and pharmacological review of Mentha arvensis. International Journal of Green Pharmacy (IJGP), 10(2).
  • Trombetta, D., Castelli, F., Sarpietro, M.G., Venuti, V., Cristani, M., Daniele, C., Bisignano, G., (2005). Mechanisms of antibacterial action of three monoterpenes. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 49(6), 2474-2478.
  • Tucker, A.O., Naczi, R.F.C., (2007). Mentha: An Overview of Its Classification and Relationships In: Mint. The genus Mentha. Medical and Aromatic Plants–Industrial Profiles.
  • Tucker, J.W., Zarowin, P.A., (2006). Does income smoothing improve earnings informativeness?. The accounting review, 81(1), 251-270.
  • Tullio, V., Nostro, A., Mandras, N., Dugo, P., Banche, G., Cannatelli, M.A., Cuffini, A.M., Alonzo, V., Carlone, N.A., (2007). Antifungal activity of essential oils against filamentous fungi determined by broth microdilution and vapour contact methods. Journal of applied microbiology, 102(6), 1544-1550.
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Borotová, P., Vukovic, N. L., Vukic, M., Kačániová, M., (2022a). Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil: Its Application as an Antimicrobial Agent in Food Preservation. Agronomy, 12(1), 155.
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Kačániová, M., (2022b). Rosalina, Niaouli and Fir Essential Oils: Strong Antifungal but Weak Antioxidant Activity. Scientific Papers: Animal Science & Biotechnologies/Lucrari Stiintifice: Zootehnie si Biotehnologii, 55(1).
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Štefániková, J., Vukovic, N., Kačániová, M., (2021a). The citrus reticulata essential oil: evaluation of antifungal activity against penicillium species related to bakery products spoilage. Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 15.
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Vukovic, N.L., Vukic, M., Kačániová, M., (2021b). In Vitro antimicrobial activity of lavender, mint, and rosemary essential oils and the effect of their vapours on growth of Penicillium spp. in a bread model system. Molecules, 26(13), 3859.
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Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 9 - 16, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1206873

Abstract

References

  • Abbaszadeh, S., Sharifzadeh, A., Shokri, H., Khosravi, A.R., Abbaszadeh, A., (2014). Antifungal efficacy of thymol, carvacrol, eugenol and menthol as alternative agents to control the growth of food-relevant fungi. Journal de mycologie medicale, 24(2), e51-e56.
  • Akdogan, H., (1999). High moisture food extrusion. International journal of food science & technology, 34(3), 195-207.
  • Anwar, F., Abbas, A., Mehmood, T., Gilani, A.H., Rehman, N.U., (2019). Mentha: A genus rich in vital nutra‐pharmaceuticals—A review. Phytotherapy Research, 33(10), 2548-2570.
  • Benabdallah, A., Boumendjel, M., Aissi, O., Rahmoune, C., Boussaid, M., Messaoud, C., (2018). Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory of wild Mentha species from northeastern Algeria. South African Journal of Botany, 116, 131-139.
  • Bibi, S., Ali, S., Shahidin, I. U., Rauf, A., Arif, M., Umar, M., Khan, A.L., Hussain, M., Ghani, A., Ali, H., Jan, A., Shuaib, M., (2021). Chemical composition and anti-microbial analysis of Mentha arvensis L. and Thymus linearis Benth. essential oils of leaves. Rom Biotechnol Lett., 26(5): 2893-2900.
  • Bokhari, N., Perveen, K., Al Khulaifi, M., Kumar, A., Siddiqui, I., (2016). In vitro antibacterial activity and chemical composition of essential oil of Mentha arvensis Linn. leaves. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(4), 907-915.
  • Bose, S.K., Yadav, R.K., Mishra, S., Sangwan, R.S., Singh, A.K., Mishra, B., Sangwan, N.S., (2013). Effect of gibberellic acid and calliterpenone on plant growth attributes, trichomes, essential oil biosynthesis and pathway gene expression in differential manner in Mentha arvensis L. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 66, 150-158.
  • Boukhatem, B.M.N, Amine, F.M., Abdelkrim, K., Fairouz, S., Maamar, M., (2014). Liquid and vapour phase antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil= susceptibility of selected respiratory tract pathogens. American Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10(3), 105.
  • Burt, S., (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—a review. International journal of food microbiology, 94(3), 223-253.
  • Cazier, J.B., Gekas, V. (2001). Water activity and its prediction: A review. International Journal of Food Properties, 4(1), 35-43.
  • Dagnas, S., Gougouli, M., Onno, B., Koutsoumanis, K.P., Membré, J. M., (2017). Quantifying the effect of water activity and storage temperature on single spore lag times of three moulds isolated from spoiled bakery products. International journal of food microbiology, 240, 75-84.
  • de Sousa Barros, A., de Morais, S.M., Ferreira, P.A.T., Vieira, Í.G.P., Craveiro, A.A., dos Santos Fontenelle, R.O., de Sousa, H.A., (2015). Chemical composition and functional properties of essential oils from Mentha species. Industrial Crops and Products, 76, 557-564.
  • Edris, A.E., Farrag, E.S., (2003). Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oils and their major aroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase. Food/Nahrung, 47(2), 117-121.
  • Fisher, K., Phillips, C., (2008). Potential antimicrobial uses of essential oils in food: is citrus the answer?. Trends in food science & technology, 19(3), 156-164.
  • Galovičová, L., Borotová, P., Valková, V., Vukovic, N. L., Vukic, M., Terentjeva, M., Štefániková, J., Ďúranová, H., Kowalczewski, P.L., Kačániová, M., (2021). Thymus serpyllum Essential Oil and Its Biological Activity as a Modern Food Preserver. Plants, 10(7), 1416.
  • Gudimella, K.K., Appidi, T., Wu, H.F., Battula, V., Jogdand, A., Rengan, A.K., Gedda, G., (2021). Sand bath assisted green synthesis of carbon dots from citrus fruit peels for free radical scavenging and cell imaging. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 197, 111362.
  • Higgins, C.L., Filip, S.V., Afsar, A., Colquhoun, H.M., Hayes, W., (2021). From food to mobility: investigating a screening assay for new automotive antioxidants using the stable radical DPPH. ChemistrySelect, 6(34), 9179-9184.
  • Hussain, A.I., Anwar, F., Nigam, P.S., Ashraf, M., Gilani, A.H., (2010). Seasonal variation in content, chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from four Mentha species. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(11), 1827-1836.
  • Chagas, E.C., Majolo, C., Monteiro, P.C., Oliveira, M.R.D., Gama, P.E., Bizzo, H.R., Chaves, F.C.M., (2020). Composition of essential oils of Mentha species and their antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas spp. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 32(3), 209-215.
  • Kačániová, M., Galovičová, L., Ivanišová, E., Vukovic, N.L., Štefániková, J., Valková, V., Borotová, P., Žiarovská, J., Terentjeva, M., Felšöciová, S., Tvrdá, E., (2020). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil for its application in foods. Foods, 9(3), 282.
  • Kasrati, A., Alaoui Jamali, C., Bekkouche, K., Wohlmuth, H., Leach, D., Abbad, A., (2015). Comparative evaluation of antioxidant and insecticidal properties of essential oils from five Moroccan aromatic herbs. Journal of food science and technology, 52(4), 2312-2319.
  • Khan, A.A., Amjad, M.S., (2019). GC-MS analysis and biological activities of Thymus vulgaris and Mentha arvensis essential oil. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 44(3), 388-396.
  • Lubbe, A., Verpoorte, R., (2011). Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants for specialty industrial materials. Industrial crops and products, 34(1), 785-801.
  • Makkar, M.K., Sharma, S., Kaur, H., (2018). Evaluation of Mentha arvensis essential oil and its major constituents for fungitoxicity. Journal of food science and technology, 55(9), 3840-3844.
  • Manh, H.D., Tuyet, O.T. (2020)., Larvicidal and repellent activity of Mentha arvensis L. essential oil against Aedes aegypti. Insects, 11(3), 198.
  • Mata, A.T., Proença, C., Ferreira, A.R., Serralheiro, M.L.M., Nogueira, J.M.F., Araújo, M.E.M. (2007). Antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of five plants used as Portuguese food spices. Food chemistry, 103(3), 778-786.
  • Nazim, M., Nawaz, A., Anjum, S., Ali, M., Maryam, H., (2020). Mentha arvensis, a medicinal and aromatic plant, has high nutritional value and several-uses: A review. Buletin Agroteknologi, 1(2), 37-49.
  • Pandey, A.K., Rai, M.K., Acharya, D., (2003). Chemical composition and antimycotic activity of the essential oils of corn mint (Mentha arvensis) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) against human pathogenic fungi. Pharmaceutical Biology, 41(6), 421-425.
  • Piran, P., Kafil, H.S., Ghanbarzadeh, S., Safdari, R., Hamishehkar, H., (2017). Formulation of menthol-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers to enhance its antimicrobial activity for food preservation. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 7(2), 261.
  • Qiu, L., Zhang, M., Tang, J., Adhikari, B., Cao, P. (2019)., Innovative technologies for producing and preserving intermediate moisture foods: A review. Food Research International, 116, 90-102.
  • Rajeev, B., AbdKarim, A., Gopinadhan, P., (2012). Factors Affecting the Growth of Microorganisms in Food. Progress in Food Preservation (Second ed.), John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Ribeiro-Santos, R., Andrade, M., Sanches-Silva, A., de Melo, N.R., (2018). Essential oils for food application: Natural substances with established biological activities. Food and bioprocess technology, 11(1), 43-71.
  • Saba, I., Anwar, F., (2018). Effect of harvesting regions on physico-chemical and biological attributes of supercritical fluid-extracted spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaves essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(2), 400-419.
  • Saeed, K., Pasha, I., Jahangir Chughtai, M.F., Ali, Z., Bukhari, H.,Zuhair, M., (2022). Application of essential oils in food industry: challenges and innovation. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 34(2), 97-110.
  • Samber, N., Khan, A., Varma, A., Manzoor, N., (2015). Synergistic anti-candidal activity and mode of action of Mentha piperita essential oil and its major components. Pharmaceutical biology, 53(10), 1496-1504.
  • Shahrzad, S., Alireza, K., (2019). Inhibitory effect of menthol on expression of aspartyl proteinase 1 in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, 8(1).
  • Singh, P., Pandey, A. K. (2018)., Prospective of essential oils of the genus Mentha as biopesticides: A review. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1295.
  • Souza, M.A., Lemos, M.J., Brito, D.M., Fernandes, M.S., Castro, R.N., Souza, S.R., (2014). Production and quality of menthol mint essential oil and antifungal and antigerminative activity. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(21), 3311.
  • Syamaladevi, R.M., Tang, J., Villa‐Rojas, R., Sablani, S., Carter, B., Campbell, G., (2016). Influence of water activity on thermal resistance of microorganisms in low‐moisture foods: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 15(2), 353-370.
  • Tafrihi, M., Imran, M., Tufail, T., Gondal, T.A., Caruso, G., Sharma, S., Pezzani, R., (2021). The wonderful activities of the genus Mentha: Not only antioxidant properties. Molecules, 26(4), 1118.
  • Thawkar, B.S., (2016). Phytochemical and pharmacological review of Mentha arvensis. International Journal of Green Pharmacy (IJGP), 10(2).
  • Trombetta, D., Castelli, F., Sarpietro, M.G., Venuti, V., Cristani, M., Daniele, C., Bisignano, G., (2005). Mechanisms of antibacterial action of three monoterpenes. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 49(6), 2474-2478.
  • Tucker, A.O., Naczi, R.F.C., (2007). Mentha: An Overview of Its Classification and Relationships In: Mint. The genus Mentha. Medical and Aromatic Plants–Industrial Profiles.
  • Tucker, J.W., Zarowin, P.A., (2006). Does income smoothing improve earnings informativeness?. The accounting review, 81(1), 251-270.
  • Tullio, V., Nostro, A., Mandras, N., Dugo, P., Banche, G., Cannatelli, M.A., Cuffini, A.M., Alonzo, V., Carlone, N.A., (2007). Antifungal activity of essential oils against filamentous fungi determined by broth microdilution and vapour contact methods. Journal of applied microbiology, 102(6), 1544-1550.
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Borotová, P., Vukovic, N. L., Vukic, M., Kačániová, M., (2022a). Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil: Its Application as an Antimicrobial Agent in Food Preservation. Agronomy, 12(1), 155.
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Kačániová, M., (2022b). Rosalina, Niaouli and Fir Essential Oils: Strong Antifungal but Weak Antioxidant Activity. Scientific Papers: Animal Science & Biotechnologies/Lucrari Stiintifice: Zootehnie si Biotehnologii, 55(1).
  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Štefániková, J., Vukovic, N., Kačániová, M., (2021a). The citrus reticulata essential oil: evaluation of antifungal activity against penicillium species related to bakery products spoilage. Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 15.
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  • Valková, V., Ďúranová, H., Vukovic, N.L., Vukic, M., Kluz, M., Kačániová, M., (2022c). Assessment of Chemical Composition and Anti-Penicillium Activity of Vapours of Essential Oils from Abies Alba and Two Melaleuca Species in Food Model Systems. Molecules, 27(10), 3101.
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There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Material Production Technologies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Veronika Valková 0000-0001-7048-6323

Hana ďúranová This is me 0000-0002-7274-6210

Lucia Galovičová This is me 0000-0002-1203-4115

Nenad Vukovic This is me 0000-0003-4382-9743

Milena Vukic This is me 0000-0001-7222-7245

Miroslava Kačániová 0000-0002-4460-0222

Early Pub Date March 25, 2023
Publication Date March 31, 2023
Acceptance Date March 14, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Valková, V., ďúranová, H., Galovičová, L., Vukovic, N., et al. (2023). Antifungal Efficacy of Mint Essential Oil Against Penicillium spp. Inoculated on Carrots. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 7(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1206873