Heterosis studies in upland cotton for seed cotton yield and yield related components

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 34 - 49, 30.06.2025

Sana Khan Azeem Iqbal Khan Asad Azeem Muhammad Abu Bakar Zia , Sami Ul Allah Zeshan Hasan

Öz

Cotton belongs to the Malvaceae family, is one of the major fiber crops of the world popularly known as “White Gold”. Cotton and its by-products play a crucial role in the economy of developed and developing countries. Several biotic and abiotic factors are responsible for low yield and poor fiber quality in cotton. Heterosis studies provide basis for development of hybrid combinations and their commercial consumption. The current research was conducted to investigate the degree of heterosis for seed cotton yield and yield related components under RCBD design having four parents and six hybrids with three replications. Data were collected for plant height, sympodia/plant, monopodia/plant, number of fruiting nodes/plant, seed cotton yield/plant, node ratio, boll weight, GOT percentage, seed index, micronaire, fiber length, fiber strength and number of bolls/ plant. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between parents and hybrids. The parents Debel and VH-330 demonstrated as the most effective for cross combination for the traits viz. plant height, boll weight and number of monopodial branches, seed cotton yield/plant, micronaire, fiber length, fiber strength, Got% and number of sympodial branches. The hybrids VH-330 x Debel, VH-330 x MS-DK and FH-444 x VH-330 exhibited significant and highest heterotic effects for yield and yield related traits and fiber quality parameter. The estimates of broad sense heritability exposed that moderate heritability was observed between all traits. The value of GCV was less than the value of PCV which means the influence of environment is more on all traits. These hybrids can be utilized for exploitation of yield and fiber quality parameters in future breeding programmes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gossypium hirsutum L , seed cotton yield , Heterosis , Heritability

Kaynakça

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