Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Hindistan Botanik Bahçesi'nin (Howrah, Batı Bengal, Hindistan) farklı yaşam alanı mozaiklerinde karınca türlerinin çeşitliliği

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 21 - 31, 31.03.2020

Arka Goswamı , Arijit Chatterjee Sheela Saroj

https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.698157

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Karıncalar (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) çok çeşitli
ekolojik nişlere sahiptir ve otçul ya da yırtıcı ya da temizleyici olarak
çeşitli gıda kaynaklarından yararlanır. Bu çalışma, sıkışık bir şehrin
ortasında yer alan Hint Botanik bahçesi olarak bilinen bitkiler için ayrılmış
ex-situ bir koruma alanındaki karınca çeşitliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca,
çalışma karınca topluluğu yapısının bu korunan alanda bulunan farklı habitat
mozaikleriyle ilişkisini belgelemektedir. Bu çalışma için toplama yöntemi
olarak çukur düşme tuzağı kullanılmıştır ve dört farklı habitatta dağıtılan ve
birbirini takip eden iki ay içinde tekrarlanan kuadrat örneklemesi (toplam 16
kuadrat ve her kuadrat muntazam yerleştirilmiş 9 çukur düşme tuzağı
içermektedir) içinde birleştirilmiştir. Tüm örnekler toplanmış, korunmuş ve
titizlikle tanımlanmıştır. Tüm çalışma alanından 19 cins ve 6 alt aileden
toplam 27 karınca türü belgelenmiştir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda habitatlar
arasındaki çeşitlilik farklılıklarını da yansıtmaktadır. Hint Botanik
Bahçesi'nde bulunan farklı habitatlar arasında 'Bahçe-Fidanlık' (Shannon_H =
2.214 ve Simpson_1-D = 0.8333) ve 'Yabani Çalılar ve Ağaç Bahçeleri' (Shannon_H
= 2.105 ve Simpson_1-D = 0.8182) en çeşitli iki habitattır ve 'otlu açık
çalılık alanı' en baskın olanıdır (Dominance_D = 0.4354, Berger-Parker =
0.6512, Shannon_H = 1.521 ve Simpson_1-D = 0.5646). Bu çalışma, karıncaların
toplum yapısı hakkında açıkça bir fikir vermektedir ve bu ekosistemin
istikrarını ve koşullarını oluşturan insan yapımı bir ex-situ koruma alanındaki
habitatlarla ilişkisini yansıtmaktadır.

Keywords

Karınca topluluğu , Hindistan , tür çeşitliliği , tür toplulukları , habitat mozaikleri

Diversity of ants species in different habitat mosaics of Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanical Garden (Howrah, West Bengal, India)

Abstract

Ants
(Hymenoptera, Formicidae) occupy
a wide range of ecological niches and exploit various food resources either as
herbivores or as predators or scavengers. This study establishes the diversity
of ants in an ex-situ conservation site dedicated for plants known as Indian
Botanical garden situated amidst a congested city.  It also documents the relation of ant
community structure with different habitat mosaics present within this
protected area. For this study pit fall trap was used as collection method and
amalgamated within quadrat sampling (total 16 quadrats and each quadrat
contains 9 pit fall traps placed uniformly) distributed in four different
habitats and repeated in two consecutive months. All the specimens were
collected, preserved and identified meticulously. Total 27 species of ants from
19 genera and 6 subfamilies are documented from the whole study area. This
study also reflects differences in diversity among the habitats. Among
different habitats present in the Indian Botanic Garden, ‘Garden-Nurseries’
(Shannon_H =2.214 and Simpson_1-D=0.8333) and ‘Wild Bushes and Tree groves’
(Shannon_H =2.105 and Simpson_1-D=0.8182) are two most diverse habitats and
‘Open scrubland with grasses’ is the most dominant one (Dominance_D = 0.4354,
Berger-Parker = 0.6512, Shannon_H =1.521 and Simpson_1-D=0.5646). This study
clearly gives an idea about the community structure of the ants and reflects
its relation with the habitats in a man-made ex-situ conservation site which
establish the stability and conditions of this ecosystem.

Keywords

Ant community , Species assemblage , Species diversity , Habitat mosaics , India

Supporting Institution

Zoological Survey of India, Asutosh College(affiliated to University of Calcutta)

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