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Bilim Tarihi ve Bilim Felsefesinin Epistemik Mirası Üzerine Yükselen Çağdaş Disiplinler: Teknoloji Felsefesi ve Teknobilim

Year 2025, Issue: 3, 61 - 79, 29.12.2025

Abstract

20. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan bilim tarihi ve bilim felsefesi, insanlığın epsitemik mirası olan tarih ve felsefenin mahsulüdür. Bilim tarihi, tarihsel gelişimini anlamaya ve anlatmaya çalışan disiplindir. Bilim felsefesi ise bilginin yapısını, yöntemlerini ve doğruluğunu tartışan bir disiplindir. Her iki alan bilimin hem olgusal hem de kavramsal yönlerini bütüncül biçimde kavramaya olanak sağlar. 20. yüzyıldan itibaren bilim ve teknoloji, gittikçe iç içe geçerek ilerleyen alanlardır. Bu iç içelik yalnızca epistemolojik dönüşümlere yol açmamış aynı zaman da varoluşsal ve etik dönüşümlere yol açmıştır. Bilim ve teknolojiyi konu alan teknoloji felsefesi ve teknobilim, 21. yüzyıldaki bilimsel ve teknolojik süreçleri anlamayı sağlayan iki çağdaş alandır. Teknoloji felsefesi, insanın teknikle kurduğu ontolojik, etik ve kültürel ilişkiyi sorgular. Teknobilim ise teknolojik araçlar aracılığıyla bilimi yeniden tanımlayan bir bilgi disiplinidir. Bu çalışmada, bilim tarihi ile bilim felsefesinin birbirini tamamlayan doğasından hareketle, teknolojinin bilgi, varlık ve etik düzlemlerinde yarattığı dönüşümü felsefi bir perspektifle değerlendirmenin gereğine değinilmiştir. Bilim tarihi ve bilim felsefesinin epistemik mirasından faydalanan çağdaş disiplinler olan teknoloji felsefesi ve teknobilimin önemine değinilecektir.History of science,

References

  • Akkuş, Özlem. Bilimin Toplumsal İşlevi Açısından Bilim Tarihinin Yeniden İnşası: John D. Bernal. Aydın: Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2015.
  • Alexander, Jennifer K. “Thinking Again about Science in Technology”. ISIS 103/3 (2012), 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1086/667975.
  • Cérézuell, Daniel. “Christianity and the Philosophy of Technology in France.” French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Sacha Loeve vd. 51–64. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Channell, David F. “Technological Thinking in Science”. The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. ed. Sven Ove Hansson. 27–54. New York: Springer, 2015.
  • Churchman, West C. “What Is Philosophy of Science?”. Philosophy of Science 61/1 (1994), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1086/289784.
  • Dusek, Val. Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
  • Fazlıoğlu, İhsan. “Türk Felsefe–Bilim Tarihi’nin Seyir Defteri”. Divan: İlmî Araştırmalar Dergisi 18/1 (2005), 1–57.
  • Feenberg, Andrew. “What Is Philosophy of Technology?”. A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology. ed. Stig Andur Pedersen vd. 3–14. Chichester: Wiley–Blackwell, 2010.
  • Guchet, Xavier. “Toward an Object–Oriented Philosophy of Technology”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 237–256. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Hansson, Sven Ove (ed.). The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015.
  • Hottois, Gilbert. “Technoscience: From the Origin of the Word to Its Current Uses”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Sacha Loeve vd. 121–138. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Ihde, Don. Postphenomenology and Technoscience: The Peking University Lectures. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
  • Ihde, Don. “Philosophy of Technology”. The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 26/2 (2012), 321–332.
  • Jonas, Hans. “Toward a Philosophy of Technology”. Hastings Center Report 9/1 (1979), 34–43.
  • Kline, Stephen J. “What Is Technology?”. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 5/3 (1985), 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1177/027046768500500301.
  • Lakatos, Imre. “History of Science and Its Rational Reconstructions”. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Philosophical Papers. ed. John Worrall ve Gregory Currie. 8–101. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • Miller, Henry. History and Science. California: University of California Press, 1939.
  • Nickles, Thomas. “Philosophy of Science and History of Science”. Osiris 10/1 (1995), 138–163.
  • Puech, Michel. “Wisdom in the Technosphere”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 331–344. Cham: Springer, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978–3–319–89518–5_20.
  • “Philosophy of Technology”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim 7 Eylül 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/technology/
  • Topdemir, Hüseyin Gazi. “Bilim Tarihi Araştırmalarının Felsefî ve Sosyolojik Yansımaları”. Bilim Tarihi ve Felsefesi: Tarih ve Problemler. ed. Ömer Bozkurt. 339–351. Mardin: Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2016.
  • Topdemir, Hüseyin Gazi. “Kuhn ve Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme.” Felsefe Dünyası 36 (2002), 77–94.
  • Türker, Sadık. Batı Düşüncesinde Üçleme Sorunu. İstanbul: Külliyat Yayınları, 2012.
  • Vincent, Bernadette Bensaude – Stéphane Loeve. “Toward a Philosophy of Technoscience”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 169–188. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Weingart, Scott B. “Finding the History and Philosophy of Science”. Erkenntnis 80/1 (2015), 201–213.

Emerging Contemporary Disciplines on the Epistemic Legacy of the History of Science and Philosophy of Science: Philosophy of Technology and Technoscience

Year 2025, Issue: 3, 61 - 79, 29.12.2025

Abstract

The history and philosophy of science emerged in the 20th century as intellectual products of humanity’s epistemic legacy: history and philosophy. The history of science is a discipline that seeks to understand and narrate the historical development of scientific knowledge, while the philosophy of science examines the structure, methods and validity of that knowledge. Together, these disciplines provide a holistic understanding of the factual and conceptual dimensions of science. Since the 20th century, science and technology have advanced as increasingly intertwined fields. This interconnection has led to epistemological, existential, and ethical shifts. Two contemporary disciplines, the philosophy of technology and technoscience, have emerged to help us comprehend the scientific and technological processes of the 21st century. The philosophy of technology examines the ontological, ethical and cultural aspects of the relationship between humans and technology, while technoscience redefines science itself through technological instruments and practices. This study emphasises the necessity of philosophically evaluating the transformations generated by technology across epistemological, ontological and ethical dimensions, drawing upon the complementary nature of the history and philosophy of science. It also highlights the importance of the philosophy of technology and technoscience as contemporary disciplines that are firmly rooted in the epistemic legacy of the history and philosophy of science.

References

  • Akkuş, Özlem. Bilimin Toplumsal İşlevi Açısından Bilim Tarihinin Yeniden İnşası: John D. Bernal. Aydın: Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2015.
  • Alexander, Jennifer K. “Thinking Again about Science in Technology”. ISIS 103/3 (2012), 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1086/667975.
  • Cérézuell, Daniel. “Christianity and the Philosophy of Technology in France.” French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Sacha Loeve vd. 51–64. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Channell, David F. “Technological Thinking in Science”. The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. ed. Sven Ove Hansson. 27–54. New York: Springer, 2015.
  • Churchman, West C. “What Is Philosophy of Science?”. Philosophy of Science 61/1 (1994), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1086/289784.
  • Dusek, Val. Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
  • Fazlıoğlu, İhsan. “Türk Felsefe–Bilim Tarihi’nin Seyir Defteri”. Divan: İlmî Araştırmalar Dergisi 18/1 (2005), 1–57.
  • Feenberg, Andrew. “What Is Philosophy of Technology?”. A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology. ed. Stig Andur Pedersen vd. 3–14. Chichester: Wiley–Blackwell, 2010.
  • Guchet, Xavier. “Toward an Object–Oriented Philosophy of Technology”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 237–256. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Hansson, Sven Ove (ed.). The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015.
  • Hottois, Gilbert. “Technoscience: From the Origin of the Word to Its Current Uses”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Sacha Loeve vd. 121–138. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Ihde, Don. Postphenomenology and Technoscience: The Peking University Lectures. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
  • Ihde, Don. “Philosophy of Technology”. The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 26/2 (2012), 321–332.
  • Jonas, Hans. “Toward a Philosophy of Technology”. Hastings Center Report 9/1 (1979), 34–43.
  • Kline, Stephen J. “What Is Technology?”. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 5/3 (1985), 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1177/027046768500500301.
  • Lakatos, Imre. “History of Science and Its Rational Reconstructions”. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Philosophical Papers. ed. John Worrall ve Gregory Currie. 8–101. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • Miller, Henry. History and Science. California: University of California Press, 1939.
  • Nickles, Thomas. “Philosophy of Science and History of Science”. Osiris 10/1 (1995), 138–163.
  • Puech, Michel. “Wisdom in the Technosphere”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 331–344. Cham: Springer, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978–3–319–89518–5_20.
  • “Philosophy of Technology”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim 7 Eylül 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/technology/
  • Topdemir, Hüseyin Gazi. “Bilim Tarihi Araştırmalarının Felsefî ve Sosyolojik Yansımaları”. Bilim Tarihi ve Felsefesi: Tarih ve Problemler. ed. Ömer Bozkurt. 339–351. Mardin: Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2016.
  • Topdemir, Hüseyin Gazi. “Kuhn ve Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme.” Felsefe Dünyası 36 (2002), 77–94.
  • Türker, Sadık. Batı Düşüncesinde Üçleme Sorunu. İstanbul: Külliyat Yayınları, 2012.
  • Vincent, Bernadette Bensaude – Stéphane Loeve. “Toward a Philosophy of Technoscience”. French Philosophy of Technology: Classical Readings and Contemporary Approaches. ed. Stéphane Loeve vd. 169–188. Cham: Springer, 2018.
  • Weingart, Scott B. “Finding the History and Philosophy of Science”. Erkenntnis 80/1 (2015), 201–213.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy of Science
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ahmet Dağ 0000-0003-3406-8129

Submission Date October 28, 2025
Acceptance Date December 10, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 3

Cite

ISNAD Dağ, Ahmet. “Bilim Tarihi Ve Bilim Felsefesinin Epistemik Mirası Üzerine Yükselen Çağdaş Disiplinler: Teknoloji Felsefesi Ve Teknobilim”. Bilim Tarihi ve Felsefesi Araştırmaları Dergisi 3 (December2025), 61-79.