Researches on biological control possibilities against gray mold (<em>Botryotinia fuckeliana</em> 'De Bary' Whetzel) that is harmful to greenhouse vegetables in the Mediterranean region.
Abstract
The studies had been carried out during 1985-1992 in Antalya Citrus Research Institute. Botryotinia fuckeliana isolates were obtained from different vegetables and they were cross inoculated to wounded sites on eggplant, pepper, tomato, bean and squash. PF.10 was determined as the most virulent isolate. Then 30 fungistatic soil samples were obtained from 109 soil samples that were collected from the vegetable growing areas of Adana, Içel and Antalya provinces. The soil samples were placed on PDA with the fungus and the fungistatic soil samples were chosen according to the inhibition zone formed on this medium. From these soil samples 48 bacteria, 13 Actinomycetes and 31 fungi were obtained which showed antagonistic effect on the pathogen. As a result of dual culture experiments done with these antagonists in vitro: the actinomycet isolate number AA. 11/98, the bacterium isolate number AB.27/59 (Bacillus subtilis) and the fungus isolate number AF.1 (Trichoderma viride) showed the highest effect against the pathogen. These antagonists didn't caused infection on the roots or aerial parts of tomato, pepper, eggplant and cucumber. In 1989 experiments were carried out on eggplants at greenhouse conditions. It was found out that AB.27 isn't effective against the disease while as AF.1 has 29% and AA.11 has 10 % preventive effect on the disease. At a second experiment carried out again on eggplant with AF.1 (T.viride), 28 and 24% effect were obtained. In 1992 T.viride was applied with 0.5% malt extract to faba bean in greenhouse and acclimated room. In greenhouse conditions there wasn't adequate pathogen infection but 33.3 and 20.8% effect were obtained. In climatized room, all of the control and antagonist treated plants were infected and there wasn't any difference between them. The spore suspensions of the antagonists and pathogen were used at all of the treatments. The spore concentration of the antagonist suspensions were as follows: T.viride; 107 -108 spore/ml, B.subtilis; 5x10-4x10 cell/ml, actinomycetes; 4x105-1.6x108 spore/ml. The spore concentration of the pathogen suspension was 3x105-1.6x107 spor/ml.
Keywords
Akdeniz bölgesi seralarında sebzelerde zarar yapan Kurşuni küf (<em>Botryotinia fuckeliana </em>'De Bary' Whetzel) hastalığına karşı biyolojik mücadele olanakları üzerinde araştırmalar.
Abstract
Çalışma I985-I992 yıllarında Antalya Narenciye Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde yürütülmüştür. Değişik sebze türlerinden elde edilen Botryotinia fuckeliana `De Bary' Whetzel izolatlan ile patlıcan, biber, domates, fasulye ve kabak bitkilerinde çapraz inokulasyon testleri yapılarak en patojen izolat (PF.10) saptanmıştır. Sonra Adana, İçel ve Antalya illerinden toplanan 145 adet toprak örneğinden 30 adet fugistatik toprak elde edilmiştir. Bunlardan 48 adet bakteri,13 Aktinomiset, 31 adet fungus izolatı patojene karsı antagonist olarak bulunmuştur. Bu antagonistlerle yapılan in vitro ikili etkileşim testleri sonucunda AA.11/98 no'lu aktinomiset, AB.27/59 no'lu bakteri(Bacillus subtilis) ve AF.1 no'lu fungus (Trichoderma viride) patojene karşı en yüksek etkiyi göstermişlerdir. Bu antagonistler domates, biber, patlıcan ve hıyar bitkilerinin kök ve toprak üstü organlarına bulaştırıldıklarında hastalık oluşturmamışlardır. 1989 Yılında sera koşullarında patlıcan üzerinde yapılan denemelerde: AB.27 no'lu bakteri hastalığa karsı etkili olmamıştır. AF.1 no'lu fungus %29, AA.11 no'lu aktinomiset %10 koruyucu etki göstermiştir. Yine patlıcan üzerinde AF.1 (T.viride) ile yapılan başka denemede %2 8 ve 24 etki elde edilmiştir. 1992 Yılında sera ve iklim odasında baklalar üzerinde T.viride %0.5 malt özü ile birlikte uygulanmıştır. Sera koşullarında yeterli hastalık çıkısı olmamakla birlikte %33.3 ve %20.8 lik bir etki elde edilmiştir. İklim odası koşullarında ise hem tanık, hem de antagonist uygulanan bitkilerin tümü hastalanmış ve aralarında fark bulunamamıştır.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 13, 1997 |
| Submission Date | January 6, 2009 |
| Published in Issue | Year 1997 Volume: 37 Issue: 1 |