Ar-Ge Harcamalarının Bilimsel Makale Sayısına Etkisi: G7 Ülkeleri Örneği

Abstract

Üniversiteler, her türden Ar-Ge çalışmalarının yapıldığı ve akademik eğitimlerin verildiği, kendisine has bir misyonları bulunan, sanayi için bilgi ve insan kaynağının üretildiği kurumsal yapılardır. Rekabetin küresel olarak artmasıyla beraber, bilimsel temellere dayanan bilginin inovasyon faaliyetlerinde daha etkin bir rol oynaması ve bilimsel araştırmalara yapılan hükümet desteklerinin sağlanmasının yanında, geçtiğimiz son 25 yıl içerisinde üniversite-sanayi işbirliği uygulamaları büyük ölçüde artış göstermiştir ve son 5-10 yıl içerisinde de söz konusu işbirliği modelleri radikal değişimlere uğramıştır. Diğer taraftan Ar-Ge harcamalarında meydana gelen artış da işbirliğinin hızlanmasını sağlamıştır. Akademisyenler açısından, üretilen bilginin ve tekniklerin uygulanması, araştırma fonlarıyla yeni teknolojilerin yaratılması, laboratuvarların etkin kullanılması, bilgi kaynaklarının ve teknoloji merkezlerinin kurulması sonucundaki kazanımlar, yayın sayısının artmasına ve performansın önemli ölçüde olumlu yönde gelişmesine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişmiş ülke grubu G7 ülkelerinde Ar-Ge harcamalarının üretilen makale sayısına etkisini panel eşbütünleşme analizi yardımıyla belirlemektir. Analiz sonucunda, Ar-Ge harcamalarının makale sayısı üzerinde pozitif yönde istatistik anlamlı etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Ar-Ge harcamalarından makale sayısına doğru tek yönlü nedensellik elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Ar-Ge Harcamaları
• İnovasyon Göstergeleri
• Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi

The Effect of R&D Expenditures on the Number of Scientific Articles: A Case of G7 Countries

Abstract

Universities are institutional structures where all kinds of R&D studies are carried out and academic training is given, have a unique mission, and where knowledge and human resources for the industry are produced. With the increase of competition globally, in addition to the more effective role of scientific-based knowledge in innovation activities and the provision of government support to scientific research, university-industry cooperation practices have increased significantly in the last 25 years and in the last 5-10 years cooperation models have undergone radical changes. On the other hand, the increase in R&D expenditures also accelerated the cooperation. In terms of academics, the application of the knowledge and techniques produced, the creation of new technologies with research funds, the effective use of laboratories, the establishment of information resources and technology centers have led to an increase in the number of publications and a significant improvement in performance. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of R&D expenditures on the number of articles produced in the developed country group G7 countries with the help of panel cointegration analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that R&D expenditures had a statistically significant positive effect on the number of articles. In addition, unidirectional causality was obtained from R&D expenditures to the number of articles.

Keywords

• R&D Expenditures
• Innovation Indicators
• Panel Cointegration Analysis

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