Karyotype Analysis of Dianthus muglensis (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae)

Year 2023, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 11 - 15, 30.05.2023

Esra Martin , Ergin Hamzaoğlu , Murat Koç , Halil Erhan Eroğlu

Abstract

The majority of the family Caryophyllaceae has about 2100 species classified in 80 genera, which are distributed in the northern hemisphere. The genus Dianthus, which has more than 300 species, is the second-largest genus of the family Caryophyllaceae. The karyological parameters such as chromosome numbers (basic and diploid), chromosome size, and karyotype asymmetry are important characters in plant cytotaxonomy. In many species of the genus Dianthus, the basic and diploid numbers are x = 15 and 2n = 30, respectively. The study aims to determine the chromosome number of Dianthus muglensis and to reveal the karyotype, ideogram, karyotype asymmetry and other detailed measurements. The chromosome number and karyotype formula are 2n = 30 and 20m + 10sm, respectively. The chromosome number of Dianthus muglensis was recorded here for the first time. The chromosome lengths range between 1.02 and 2.65 µm. Chromosome arm ratio, relative length and centromeric index are ranging from 1.03 to 2.29, 6.22 to 10.56, and 30.39 to 49.37, respectively. According to intrachromosomal and interchromosomal asymmetry values, Dianthus muglensis has a symmetrical karyotype. Since symmetrical karyotypes are generally seen in the early stages of karyotype evolution, Dianthus muglensis can be considered to be involved in the early stages of karyotype evolution. In addition, listed data have made important contributions to the cytotaxonomy of genus Dianthus: (i) basic number of x = 15, (ii) diploid number of 2n = 30, (iii) new karyotype formula of 20m + 10sm (iv) ploidy level of 2x, and (v) symmetrical karyotype.

Keywords

Dianthus, Fimbriati, Chromosome, Cytotaxonomy

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