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Yazlık ekmeklik buğday populasyonlarında embriyo kararması hastalığının taranması

Year 2025, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 66 - 72, 25.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.70500/bjs.1779295

Abstract

Araştırma, 2023-2024 yetiştirme döneminde sezonunda 20 açılan popülasyonda embriyo kararması hastalığının görülme sıklığını ve şiddetini belirlemek amacıyla Yozgat (Yerköy)'da yürütülmüştür. Deneme, dört tekerrürlü olarak tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde kurulmuştur. Materyal olarak kullanılan açılan popülasyonlar F4 kademesinde ve yazlık gelişme tabiatındadır. Genotipler yazlık gelişme tabiatında olduğu için ekim dondurma ekim olarak yapılmıştır. Açılan popülasyonların tohumlarında embriyo kararması hastalığının görülme sıklığı ve şiddeti belirlenmiştir. Genotipler arasında embriyo kararması görülme sıklığı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Bir açılan popülasyon dirençli, sekizi az duyarlı, 10'u orta derecede duyarlı ve biri yüksek derecede duyarlı olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bağışık veya yüksek dirençli olarak sınıflandırılan hiçbir popülasyon tespit edilmemiştir. Açılan popülasyonlar, %3,0 (Ziyabey 98 × Bayram) ile %32,3 (Kayra × Koç 2015) arasında değişen embriyo kararması görülme sıklığı değerleri göstermiştir. Açılan popülasyonların hastalık şiddeti, 1,3 (Candaş × Albachiara ve Candaş × Albachiara) ile 4,0 (Koç 2015 × Kayra) arasında değişen skala değerleri göstermiştir. Embriyo kararması hastalığı, bitki ıslah programlarında yapılan melezleme ve seleksiyonda da bir kriter olarak kullanılmalıdır. Bu şekilde, embriyo kararması salgınının yoğun olarak görüldüğü çevresel koşullarda hastalığın verdiği zarar en aza indirilebilir.

References

  • Aktas, B. (2022). Evaluation of yield performance and quality parameters of bread wheat cultivars cultivated in rainfed Central Anatolia. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 32(4), 1035-1045. Doi: 10.36899/JAPS.2022.4.0507
  • Aktaş, B. (2025). Determination of agro-morphological diversity in different origin bread wheat genotypes Cultivated in Türkiye. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9(3), 796-809. Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15867408
  • Aktaş, B., & Endes, A. (2025). Reaction of bread wheat cultivars to black point and its inheritance in segregating F4 and F5 progenies. Journal of Crop Health, 77(1), 43. Doi: 10.1007/s10343-024-01105-5
  • Amatulli, M. T., Fanelli, F., Moretti, A., Mule, G., & Logrieco, A. F. (2013). Alternaria species and mycotoxins associated to black point of cereals. Mycotoxins, 63(1), 39-46. Doi: 10.2520/myco.63.39
  • Aydoğan, S. & Soylu, S. (2017). Determination of yield, yield components and some quality properties of bread wheat varieties. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 26(1), 24-30.
  • Conner, R. L. (1989). Influence of irrigation and precipitation on incidence of black point in soft white spring wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 11(4), 388-392.
  • Endes, A., Aktaş, B., & Khavar, K. M. (2025). The Effect of the inoculum density of Alternaria alternata on the incidence of black point disease at different ripening stages of bread wheat. Journal of Crop Health, 77(4), 109. Doi: 10.1007/s10343-025-01180-2
  • Khani, M., Cheong, J., Mrva, K., & Mares, D. (2018). Wheat black point: Role of environment and genotype. Journal of Cereal Science, 82, 25–33. Doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.04.012
  • Li, Q. Y., Qin, Z., Jiang, Y. M., Shen, C. C., Duan, Z. B., & Niu, J. S. (2014). Screening wheat genotypes for resistance to black point and the effects of diseased kernels on seed germination. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 121(2), 79-88. Doi: 10.1007/BF03356495
  • Li, Q. Y., Xu, Q. Q., Jiang, Y. M., Niu, J. S., Xu, K. G., & He, R. S. (2019). The correlation between wheat black point and agronomic traits in the North China Plain. Crop Protection, 119, 17-23. Doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.01.004
  • Li, Q., Li, M., Jiang, Y., Wang, S., Xu, K., Liang, X., Niu, J. & Wang, C. (2020). Assessing genetic resistance in wheat to black point caused by six fungal species in the Yellow and Huai wheat area of China. Plant Disease, 104(12), 3131-3134. Doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01 20-0018-RE
  • Masiello, M., Somma, S., Susca, A., Ghionna, V., Logrieco, A. F., Franzoni, M., Ravaglia, S., Meca, G., & Moretti, A. (2020). Molecular identification and mycotoxin production by Alternaria species occurring on durum wheat, showing black point symptoms. Toxins, 12(4), 275. Doi: 10.3390/toxins12040275
  • McNeal, F. H., Berg, M. A., & Watson, C. A. (1968). Reciprocal crosses and their influence on wheat quality. Crop Science, 8(4), 485-487. Doi: 10.2135/cropsci1968.0011183X000800040027x
  • TMSD, (2023). Turkish Pasta Manufacturers Association Sector Report. https://www.makarna.org.tr/uploads/files/tmsd_sektor_ raporu_mart_2024.pdf [Access Date: 23-March-2025].
  • Toklu, F., Akgül, D. S., Biçici, M., & Karaköy, T. (2008). The relationship between black point and fungi species and effects of black point on seed germination properties in bread wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32(4), 267-272.
  • TSMS, (2024). Turkish State Meteorological Service.
  • TUIK, (2024). Agricultural statistics report. Turkish Statistical Institute.
  • Tunca, Z. S., Topal, A., Karaduman, Y., & Türkölmez, S. (2016). Nature and importance of black point in winter cereals. Journal of Bahri Dagdas Crop Research, 5(1), 14-21.
  • TUSAF, (2023). Flour Export Data. Turkish Flour Industrialists’ Federation, https://www.tusaf.org/TR,3015/2023-yili-un-ihracat-verileri.html [Access Date: 23-March-2025].
  • Ünal, F., & Çakir, E. (2017). Molecular identification of sooty molds on wheat fields in Central Anatolia region and effect of seed germination. Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(1), 73–81
  • Wang, H. W., Xing, X. W., Yuan, H. X., Sun, B. J., Yu, Q. L., & Li, H. L. (2006). Evaluation on the resistance of wheat varieties (lines) to black point. Journal of Triticeae Crop, 26(3), 132-135.

Screening for Black Point Disease in Spring Bread Wheat Populations

Year 2025, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 66 - 72, 25.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.70500/bjs.1779295

Abstract

The research was conducted in Yozgat (Yerköy) to determine the incidence and severity of black point disease in 20 segregating populations during the 2023-2024 growing season. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The segregating populations used as material were at the F4 level and were of the spring seasonal type. Sowing was done as freezing sowing because the genotypes are of the spring seasonal type. The incidence and severity of black point disease in seeds from segregating populations have been determined. Statistically significant differences were determined among the populations in terms of black point incidence. One segregating population was classified as resistant, eight as hardly susceptible, 10 as moderately susceptible, and one as highly susceptible. No population classified as immune or highly resistant was detected. Segregating populations showed black point incidence values ranging from 3.0 (Ziyabey 98 × Bayram) to 32.3% (Kayra × Koç 2015). The disease severity of segregating populations showed scale values ranging from 1.3 (Candaş × Albachiara and Candaş × Albachiara) to 4.0 (Koç 2015 × Kayra). Black point disease should also be used as a criterion in crossbreeding and selection carried out in plant breeding programs. In this way, the damage of the disease can be kept to a minimum in environmental conditions where black point epidemics occur intensely.

References

  • Aktas, B. (2022). Evaluation of yield performance and quality parameters of bread wheat cultivars cultivated in rainfed Central Anatolia. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 32(4), 1035-1045. Doi: 10.36899/JAPS.2022.4.0507
  • Aktaş, B. (2025). Determination of agro-morphological diversity in different origin bread wheat genotypes Cultivated in Türkiye. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9(3), 796-809. Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15867408
  • Aktaş, B., & Endes, A. (2025). Reaction of bread wheat cultivars to black point and its inheritance in segregating F4 and F5 progenies. Journal of Crop Health, 77(1), 43. Doi: 10.1007/s10343-024-01105-5
  • Amatulli, M. T., Fanelli, F., Moretti, A., Mule, G., & Logrieco, A. F. (2013). Alternaria species and mycotoxins associated to black point of cereals. Mycotoxins, 63(1), 39-46. Doi: 10.2520/myco.63.39
  • Aydoğan, S. & Soylu, S. (2017). Determination of yield, yield components and some quality properties of bread wheat varieties. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 26(1), 24-30.
  • Conner, R. L. (1989). Influence of irrigation and precipitation on incidence of black point in soft white spring wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 11(4), 388-392.
  • Endes, A., Aktaş, B., & Khavar, K. M. (2025). The Effect of the inoculum density of Alternaria alternata on the incidence of black point disease at different ripening stages of bread wheat. Journal of Crop Health, 77(4), 109. Doi: 10.1007/s10343-025-01180-2
  • Khani, M., Cheong, J., Mrva, K., & Mares, D. (2018). Wheat black point: Role of environment and genotype. Journal of Cereal Science, 82, 25–33. Doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.04.012
  • Li, Q. Y., Qin, Z., Jiang, Y. M., Shen, C. C., Duan, Z. B., & Niu, J. S. (2014). Screening wheat genotypes for resistance to black point and the effects of diseased kernels on seed germination. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 121(2), 79-88. Doi: 10.1007/BF03356495
  • Li, Q. Y., Xu, Q. Q., Jiang, Y. M., Niu, J. S., Xu, K. G., & He, R. S. (2019). The correlation between wheat black point and agronomic traits in the North China Plain. Crop Protection, 119, 17-23. Doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.01.004
  • Li, Q., Li, M., Jiang, Y., Wang, S., Xu, K., Liang, X., Niu, J. & Wang, C. (2020). Assessing genetic resistance in wheat to black point caused by six fungal species in the Yellow and Huai wheat area of China. Plant Disease, 104(12), 3131-3134. Doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01 20-0018-RE
  • Masiello, M., Somma, S., Susca, A., Ghionna, V., Logrieco, A. F., Franzoni, M., Ravaglia, S., Meca, G., & Moretti, A. (2020). Molecular identification and mycotoxin production by Alternaria species occurring on durum wheat, showing black point symptoms. Toxins, 12(4), 275. Doi: 10.3390/toxins12040275
  • McNeal, F. H., Berg, M. A., & Watson, C. A. (1968). Reciprocal crosses and their influence on wheat quality. Crop Science, 8(4), 485-487. Doi: 10.2135/cropsci1968.0011183X000800040027x
  • TMSD, (2023). Turkish Pasta Manufacturers Association Sector Report. https://www.makarna.org.tr/uploads/files/tmsd_sektor_ raporu_mart_2024.pdf [Access Date: 23-March-2025].
  • Toklu, F., Akgül, D. S., Biçici, M., & Karaköy, T. (2008). The relationship between black point and fungi species and effects of black point on seed germination properties in bread wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32(4), 267-272.
  • TSMS, (2024). Turkish State Meteorological Service.
  • TUIK, (2024). Agricultural statistics report. Turkish Statistical Institute.
  • Tunca, Z. S., Topal, A., Karaduman, Y., & Türkölmez, S. (2016). Nature and importance of black point in winter cereals. Journal of Bahri Dagdas Crop Research, 5(1), 14-21.
  • TUSAF, (2023). Flour Export Data. Turkish Flour Industrialists’ Federation, https://www.tusaf.org/TR,3015/2023-yili-un-ihracat-verileri.html [Access Date: 23-March-2025].
  • Ünal, F., & Çakir, E. (2017). Molecular identification of sooty molds on wheat fields in Central Anatolia region and effect of seed germination. Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(1), 73–81
  • Wang, H. W., Xing, X. W., Yuan, H. X., Sun, B. J., Yu, Q. L., & Li, H. L. (2006). Evaluation on the resistance of wheat varieties (lines) to black point. Journal of Triticeae Crop, 26(3), 132-135.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Plant Pathology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bekir Aktaş 0000-0002-8431-4554

Ali Endes 0000-0003-4815-5864

Publication Date November 25, 2025
Submission Date September 6, 2025
Acceptance Date September 17, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE B. Aktaş and A. Endes, “Screening for Black Point Disease in Spring Bread Wheat Populations”, BJS, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 66–72, 2025, doi: 10.70500/bjs.1779295.