FISH Analysis in Hematologic Cancers

Abstract

Objectives: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a new technology which is helpful in the identification of chromosomal aberrations that are associated with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. In this study, we evaluated the results of FISH analyses in patients with hematologic malignancies. Patients and Methods: FISH analyses were performed in bone marrow samples of 36 patients with an initial or confirmed diagnosis of hematologic malignancy. The cells were cultured for 4, 24, 48, or 72 hours depending on the type of disease. The images obtained from each case were processed on a computer with the SPOT RT program. Results: Using locus specific FISH probes, chromosomal translocation at t(9;22) was studied in 24 patients, t(15;17) was studied in 12 patients, t(8;21) and inv 16 t(16;16) were studied in six patients. In patients with an initial diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia, t(9;22) was positive in 60% to 90%. The detection of chromosomal aberrations associated with other hematologic malignancies ranged between 3% to 74%. The FISH analysis was also successful in showing decreases in chromosomal aberrations in patients under follow-up. Conclusion: FISH analysis is of particular help in both the initial diagnosis of, and monitoring chromosomal aberrations in the follow-up of hematologic malignancies. Turkish Başlık: Hematolojik Kanserlerde FISH Uygulamaları Anahtar Kelimeler: Kromozom aberrasyonu; hematolojik neoplaziler/ genetik; in situ hibridizasyon, floresans; lösemi, miyeloid/genetik; translokasyon, genetik Amaç: Son yıllarda geliştirilen FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) tekniği hem hematolojik hem de solid tümörlerle ilişkili olan kromozomal aberasyonların belirlenmesinde oldukça yararlı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hematolojik maligniteli olgularda yapılan FISH analiz sonuçları değerlendirildi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Hematolojik malignite öntanı sı konmuş veya izlemde olan 36 olgudan elde edilen kemik iliği örneklerinde FISH analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Hematolojik malignitelerin tipine göre 4, 24, 48, veya 72 saatlik hücre kültürleri yapıldı. Her bir olguya ait hücre görüntüleri SPOT RT programı yardımıyla bilgisayara aktarıldı. Bulgular: Otuz altı olgunun 24'ünde t(9;22), 12'sinde t(15;17), altısında t(8;21) ve inv 16 t(16;16) lokusa spesifik FISH probları kullanılarak araştırıldı. Kronik miyeloid lösemi öntanısı ile incelenen hastalarda t(9;22)'deki kromozomal translokasyon %60-90 oranında pozitif bulundu. Diğer hematolojik malignitelerde, ilişkili kromozomal aberasyonların varlığı %3-74 arasında değişen oranlarda gözlemlendi. Bu yöntemle takipteki hastalarda aberasyonlardaki düşüş başarıyla belirlenebildi. Sonuç: Özellikle hematolojik kanserlerde hem ön tanıda hem de izlemdeki olguların kromozomal aberasyonlarının belirlenmesinde FISH yöntemi oldukça önemli bir yardımcıdır.

Keywords

• Chromosome aberrations; hematologic neoplasms/ genetics; in situ hybridization, fluorescence; leukemia, myeloid/diagnosis/genetics; translocation, genetic

Hematolojik Kanserlerde FISH Uygulamaları

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kromozom aberrasyonu, hematolojik neoplaziler/genetik, in situ hibridizasyon, floresans, lösemi, miyeloid/genetik, translokasyon, genetik.

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