Protective Effect of Quercetin Against Renal Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Rats

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the protective effect of quercetine (QE) against cadmium (Cd)-induced renal toxicity. Material and Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control, Cd-treated and Cd-treated with QE; each group containing 8 animals. The Cd-treated group was injected subcutaneously with CdCl2 dissolved in saline in the dose of 2 ml/kg/day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg Cd. The rats in the QE treated groups were given QE (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day intraperitoneally starting 2 days prior to Cd injection during the study period. Results: The renal histology in Cd-treated rats showed mesangial expansion, thickening of capsular basement membranes, glomerular basement membranes and tubular basement membranes, characterized by an increase in periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive areas as compared with control animals. With the QE treatment, despite the presence of only a few swollen glomeruli, we noticed a marked protection of renal structure when compared with the Cd-treated rats. Furthermore, QE pretreatment resulted in increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity and decreased the activity of Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL). Conclusion: These findings suggest that QE may attenuate Cd-induced renal toxicity. Turkish Başlık: Sıçanlarda Kadmiyumla Oluşturulan Böbrek Toksisitesine Karşı Quercetinin Koruyucu Etkisi Anahtar Kelimeler: Böbrek toksitesi, immünohistokimya, kadmiyum, quercetin, TUNEL Amaç: Çalışmamızda kadmiyumla (Cd) oluşturulan böbrek toksisitesine karşı quercetinin (QE) koruyucu etkinliğini göstermeyi amaçladık. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 24 adet Wistar albino cinsi erişkin erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar her grupta 8 adet olmak üzere; kontrol, Cd ve Cd+QE olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrıldı. Cd grubuna her gün 1 mg/kg Cd, 2 ml/kg serum fizyolojik içerisinde çözündürüldükten sonra CdCl2 şeklinde 30 gün boyunca subkutan enjeksiyon olarak uygulandı. Cd ile birlikte QE tedavisi verilen gruba, Cd enjeksiyonundan 2 gün önce başlanarak 15 mg/kg QE, deney süresi boyunca intraperitoneal olarak uygulandı. Bulgular: Böbrek dokularının histolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi sonucu, kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında Cd verilen sıçanlarda mezengial hücrelerde artış, kapsüler, glomerüler ve tübüler basal membranlarda kalınlaşma ile birlikte periyodik asit Schiff (PAS)-pozitif alanların artışı gözlendi. Cd ile birlikte QE tedavisi verilen grupta sadece birkaç glomerüldeki genişleme dışında, Cd'ye bağlı böbrek yapısında oluşan değişikliklere karşı QE'nin belirgin koruyucu bir etkisinin olduğu saptandı. Bulgularımız, Cd ile birlikte QE tedavisi verilen grupta böbrek kortikal dokularında TdT-(terminal deoksinukleotidil transferaz)- aracılı deoksiuridin trifosfat işaretleme (TUNEL) aktivitesinde anlamlı bir azalma ile birlikte prolifere olmuş hücre nükleer antijeninin (PCNA) ekspresyonunda da artış olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar QE'nin Cd ile oluşturulan böbrek toksisitesini azaltabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Cadmium, immunohistochemistry, quercetin, renal toxicity, TUNEL

Protective Effect of Quercetin Against Renal Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Rats

Öz

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