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Reflection of Sport Awareness On Body Composition in Students at the School of Physical Education and Sports

Year 2009, Volume: 2009 Issue: 3, 249 - 255, 01.03.2009

Yüksel Yıldız Sacide Karakaş Hakki Güneş Hayrullah Köse Hayrullah Köse

Abstract

Objectives: We examined the reflection of sport awareness on body composition in the students at the School of Physical Education and Sports by determining the changes in body fat ratios over a period of four years. Study Design: A total of 42 students (20 boys and 22 girls) from the School of Physical Education and Sports (aged between 17 to 21 years) were compared in terms of the body fat ratios using three different anthropometry-based equations. The study groups of both sexes consisted of students who exercised regularly in any type of sport at least two hours per day and three days a week within the last year. Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test was used to compare the groups. Results: The body fat ratios increased in all groups contrary to the expected reduction. Although there was a reduction in year 2006 values, they were still higher than year 2003 values. Conclusion: While the educational system should be reconsidered to give a shape to enhance sport and physical education awareness and willpower in the students, they should be able to force their willpowers to act as guided by their awareness as well. Turkish Başlık: Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması Anahtar Kelime: Spor bilinci; vücut yağı; beden eğitimi; deri kıvrım kalınlığı Amaç: Dört yıllık bir periyotta vücut yağ oranlarındaki değişimlere bakarak Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde spor bilincinin vücut kompozisyonuna yansıma derecesi incelendi. Çalışma Planı: Yaşları 17-21 arasındaki 20 erkek ve 22 kızdan oluşan toplam 42 Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencisi, üç farklı antropometri formülü ile hesaplanan vücut yağ oranları açısından karşılaştırıldı. Her iki cinste çalışma grupları, herhangi bir sporu, son bir yıldır en az haftada üç gün ve günde iki saat olacak şekilde düzenli olarak yapan öğrencilerden oluşturuldu. Grupların karşılaştırmaları Tukey-Kramer çoklu karşılaştırma testi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Vücut yağ oranları tüm gruplarda beklenenin aksine arttı. 2006 değerlerinde bir azalma gerçekleşmiş olmasına rağmen bunlar yine de 2003 değerlerinden yüksekti. Sonuç: Eğitim sisteminin öğrencilerde spor bilinci ve iradeleri yükseltecek şekilde yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerekirken, öğrencilerin de spor bilincinin gerektirdiği yönde iradelerini zorlayabilmeleri gerekmektedir.

Keywords

Sport awareness; body fat; physical education; skinfold thickness

References

  • Lakka TA, Bouchard C. Physical activity, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2005;170:137-63.
  • Tzotzas T, Krassas GE, Doumas A. Body composition analysis in obesity: radionuclide and non radionuclide methods. Hell J Nucl Med 2008;11:63-71. [Abstract]
  • Kaya H, Özçelik O. Determining the change of body composition over a year period among medical students. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 2005;10:164-8.
  • Karakaş S, Taşer F, Yıldız Y, Köse H. Comparison of body compositions between medical school students and physical education and sports school students by using the bioelectrical ımpedance analysis (BIA) method. ADU Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2005;6:5-9.
  • Vardar SA, Tezel S, Öztürk L, Kaya O. The relationship between body composition and anaerobic performance of elite young wrestlers. J Sports Sci Med 2007;6:34-8.
  • Çıkmaz S, Taşkınalp O, Uluçam E, Yılmaz A, Çakıroğlu M. Futbolcularda gövde ile ilgili antropometrik ölçüler ve oranlar. Trakya Univ Tıp Fak Derg 2005;22:32-6.
  • Rivlin RS. Keeping the young-elderly healthy: is it too late to improve our health through nutrition? Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:1572S-6S.
  • Tsai AC, Sandretto A, Chung YC. Dieting is more effective in reducing weight but exercise is more effective in reducing fat during the early phase of a weight-reducing program in healthy humans. J Nutr Biochem 2003;14:541-9.
  • Evans EM, Saunders MJ, Spano MA, Arngrimsson SA, Lewis RD, Cureton KJ. Body-composition changes with diet and exercise in obese women: a comparison of estimates from clinical methods and a 4-component model. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:5-12.
  • Ballor DL, Poehlman ET. Exercise-training enhances fat-free mass preservation during diet-induced weight loss: a meta-analytical finding. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1994;18:35-40.
  • Garrow JS, Summerbell CD. Meta-analysis: effect of exercise, with or without dieting, on the body composition of overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49:1-10.
  • Bailey R. Physical education and sport in schools: a review of benefits and outcomes. J Sch Health 2006;76:397-401.
  • Haywood KM. The role of physical education in the development of active lifestyles. Res Q Exerc Sport 1991;62:151-6.
  • Durnin JV, Womersley J. Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr 1974;32:77-97.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Br J Nutr 1978;40:497-504.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Ward A. Generalized equations for predicting body density of women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1980;12:175-81.
  • Siri WE. Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods. In: Brozek J, Henschel A, editors. Techniques for measuring body composition. Washington: National Academy of Sciences; 1961. p. 223-44.
  • Peterson MJ, Czerwinski SA, Siervogel RM. Development and validation of skinfold-thickness prediction equations with a 4-compartment model. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:1186-91.
  • Bouchard C, Tremblay A. Genetic influences on the response of body fat and fat distribution to positive and negative energy balances in human identical twins. J Nutr 1997;127(5 Suppl):943S-7S.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Graves JE, Mahar MT. Reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance in determining body composition. J Appl Physiol 1988;64:529-34.
  • Heyward VH, Stolarczyk LM. Bioelectrical impedance method. In: Heyward VH, Stolarczyk LM, editors. Applied body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics; 1996. p. 44-55.
  • Boudjikanian R. Dorval school kicks off sports awareness month. Available from: http://www.westislandchronicle.com/article-209841-Dorval-school-kicksoff-sports-awareness-month.html
  • Fogelholm GM, Kukkonen-Harjula TK, Sievänen HT, Oja P, Vuori IM. Body composition assessment in lean and normal-weight young women. Br J Nutr 1996;75:793-802.
  • Blanchard J, Conrad KA, Harrison GG. Comparison of methods for estimating body composition in young and elderly women. J Gerontol 1990;45:B119-24.
  • Piers LS, Soares MJ, Frandsen SL, O'Dea K. Indirect estimates of body composition are useful for groups but unreliable in individuals. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1145-52.
  • Saris WH, Blair SN, van Baak MA, Eaton SB, Davies PS, Di Pietro L, et al. How much physical activity is enough to prevent unhealthy weight gain? Outcome of the IASO 1st Stock Conference and consensus statement. Obes Rev 2003;4:101-14.
  • Parker-Pope T. How to boost your willpower. The New York Times Health Blog, posted December 6, 2007. Available from: http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/06/how-to-boost-your-willpower/

Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması

Year 2009, Volume: 2009 Issue: 3, 249 - 255, 01.03.2009

Yüksel Yıldız Sacide Karakaş Hakki Güneş Hayrullah Köse Hayrullah Köse

Abstract

Amaç: Dört yıllık bir periyotta vücut yağ oranlarındaki
değişimlere bakarak Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu
öğrencilerinde spor bilincinin vücut kompozisyonuna
yansıma derecesi incelendi.
Çalışma Planı: Yaşları 17-21 arasındaki 20 erkek ve
22 kızdan oluşan toplam 42 Beden Eğitimi ve Spor
Yüksekokulu öğrencisi, üç farklı antropometri formülü ile
hesaplanan vücut yağ oranları açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Her iki cinste çalışma grupları, herhangi bir sporu, son
bir yıldır en az haftada üç gün ve günde iki saat olacak
şekilde düzenli olarak yapan öğrencilerden oluşturuldu.
Grupların karşılaştırmaları Tukey-Kramer çoklu karşılaş-
tırma testi ile yapıldı.
Bulgular: Vücut yağ oranları tüm gruplarda beklenenin
aksine arttı. 2006 değerlerinde bir azalma gerçekleşmiş
olmasına rağmen bunlar yine de 2003 değerlerinden
yüksekti.
Sonuç: Eğitim sisteminin öğrencilerde spor bilinci
ve iradeleri yükseltecek şekilde yeniden gözden
geçirilmesi gerekirken, öğrencilerin de spor bilincinin
gerektirdiği yönde iradelerini zorlayabilmeleri gerekmektedir.

Keywords

Spor bilinci vücut yağı beden eğitimi deri kıvrım kalınlığı.

References

  • Lakka TA, Bouchard C. Physical activity, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2005;170:137-63.
  • Tzotzas T, Krassas GE, Doumas A. Body composition analysis in obesity: radionuclide and non radionuclide methods. Hell J Nucl Med 2008;11:63-71. [Abstract]
  • Kaya H, Özçelik O. Determining the change of body composition over a year period among medical students. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 2005;10:164-8.
  • Karakaş S, Taşer F, Yıldız Y, Köse H. Comparison of body compositions between medical school students and physical education and sports school students by using the bioelectrical ımpedance analysis (BIA) method. ADU Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2005;6:5-9.
  • Vardar SA, Tezel S, Öztürk L, Kaya O. The relationship between body composition and anaerobic performance of elite young wrestlers. J Sports Sci Med 2007;6:34-8.
  • Çıkmaz S, Taşkınalp O, Uluçam E, Yılmaz A, Çakıroğlu M. Futbolcularda gövde ile ilgili antropometrik ölçüler ve oranlar. Trakya Univ Tıp Fak Derg 2005;22:32-6.
  • Rivlin RS. Keeping the young-elderly healthy: is it too late to improve our health through nutrition? Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:1572S-6S.
  • Tsai AC, Sandretto A, Chung YC. Dieting is more effective in reducing weight but exercise is more effective in reducing fat during the early phase of a weight-reducing program in healthy humans. J Nutr Biochem 2003;14:541-9.
  • Evans EM, Saunders MJ, Spano MA, Arngrimsson SA, Lewis RD, Cureton KJ. Body-composition changes with diet and exercise in obese women: a comparison of estimates from clinical methods and a 4-component model. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:5-12.
  • Ballor DL, Poehlman ET. Exercise-training enhances fat-free mass preservation during diet-induced weight loss: a meta-analytical finding. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1994;18:35-40.
  • Garrow JS, Summerbell CD. Meta-analysis: effect of exercise, with or without dieting, on the body composition of overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49:1-10.
  • Bailey R. Physical education and sport in schools: a review of benefits and outcomes. J Sch Health 2006;76:397-401.
  • Haywood KM. The role of physical education in the development of active lifestyles. Res Q Exerc Sport 1991;62:151-6.
  • Durnin JV, Womersley J. Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr 1974;32:77-97.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Br J Nutr 1978;40:497-504.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Ward A. Generalized equations for predicting body density of women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1980;12:175-81.
  • Siri WE. Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods. In: Brozek J, Henschel A, editors. Techniques for measuring body composition. Washington: National Academy of Sciences; 1961. p. 223-44.
  • Peterson MJ, Czerwinski SA, Siervogel RM. Development and validation of skinfold-thickness prediction equations with a 4-compartment model. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:1186-91.
  • Bouchard C, Tremblay A. Genetic influences on the response of body fat and fat distribution to positive and negative energy balances in human identical twins. J Nutr 1997;127(5 Suppl):943S-7S.
  • Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Graves JE, Mahar MT. Reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance in determining body composition. J Appl Physiol 1988;64:529-34.
  • Heyward VH, Stolarczyk LM. Bioelectrical impedance method. In: Heyward VH, Stolarczyk LM, editors. Applied body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics; 1996. p. 44-55.
  • Boudjikanian R. Dorval school kicks off sports awareness month. Available from: http://www.westislandchronicle.com/article-209841-Dorval-school-kicksoff-sports-awareness-month.html
  • Fogelholm GM, Kukkonen-Harjula TK, Sievänen HT, Oja P, Vuori IM. Body composition assessment in lean and normal-weight young women. Br J Nutr 1996;75:793-802.
  • Blanchard J, Conrad KA, Harrison GG. Comparison of methods for estimating body composition in young and elderly women. J Gerontol 1990;45:B119-24.
  • Piers LS, Soares MJ, Frandsen SL, O'Dea K. Indirect estimates of body composition are useful for groups but unreliable in individuals. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1145-52.
  • Saris WH, Blair SN, van Baak MA, Eaton SB, Davies PS, Di Pietro L, et al. How much physical activity is enough to prevent unhealthy weight gain? Outcome of the IASO 1st Stock Conference and consensus statement. Obes Rev 2003;4:101-14.
  • Parker-Pope T. How to boost your willpower. The New York Times Health Blog, posted December 6, 2007. Available from: http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/06/how-to-boost-your-willpower/
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yüksel Yıldız This is me

Sacide Karakaş This is me

Hakki Güneş This is me

Hayrullah Köse This is me

Hayrullah Köse This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 2009 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yıldız, Y., Karakaş, S., Güneş, H., Köse, H., et al. (2009). Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması. Balkan Medical Journal, 2009(3), 249-255.
AMA Yıldız Y, Karakaş S, Güneş H, Köse H, Köse H. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması. Balkan Medical Journal. March 2009;2009(3):249-255.
Chicago Yıldız, Yüksel, Sacide Karakaş, Hakki Güneş, Hayrullah Köse, and Hayrullah Köse. “Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması”. Balkan Medical Journal 2009, no. 3 (March 2009): 249-55.
EndNote Yıldız Y, Karakaş S, Güneş H, Köse H, Köse H (March 1, 2009) Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması. Balkan Medical Journal 2009 3 249–255.
IEEE Y. Yıldız, S. Karakaş, H. Güneş, H. Köse, and H. Köse, “Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması”, Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2009, no. 3, pp. 249–255, 2009.
ISNAD Yıldız, Yüksel et al. “Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması”. Balkan Medical Journal 2009/3 (March 2009), 249-255.
JAMA Yıldız Y, Karakaş S, Güneş H, Köse H, Köse H. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması. Balkan Medical Journal. 2009;2009:249–255.
MLA Yıldız, Yüksel et al. “Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması”. Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2009, no. 3, 2009, pp. 249-55.
Vancouver Yıldız Y, Karakaş S, Güneş H, Köse H, Köse H. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Spor Bilincinin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Yansıması. Balkan Medical Journal. 2009;2009(3):249-55.