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What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?

Year 2012, Volume: 2012 Issue: 1, 68 - 72, 01.01.2012
https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013

Abstract

Objective: Mallampati scoring is the most common examination method for predicting possible intubation problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of facial anthropometric measurements with the modified Mallampati score (MMS). Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 153 male and 170 female volunteers (mean ages, 48,9±16,9 and 44,1±15,4 years, respectively). All participants were subjected to Mallampati scoring and facial anthropometric measurements during pre-operative visit. Anthropometric measurements included inter-incisor gap, lower face height, thyrogonial length, thyromental distance and bigonial distance. The relationship of anthropometric measurements with the MMS was investigated by statistical analysis. Results: Bigonial distance showed a positive correlation with the MMS (r=0.857; p<0.001), whereas inter-incisor gap, lower face height, and thyromental distance showed negative correlations (r=-0.809, r=-0.738, and r=-0.762 respectively p<0.001 for all). ROC and AUC analysis showed that the BGD level had the highest significant AUC (p<0.001). Optimal cut-off point for BGD was >113 mm, and at this cut-off point, the sensitivity rate was 94.8% and the specificity rate was 95.9%. BGD was the best predictor for discriminating MMS 3-4. Conclusion: We suggest that facial measurements such as bigonial distance may be used as alternatives for Mallampati evaluation when the patient's condition is not suitable for Mallampati scoring. Turkish Başlık: Antropometrik Ölçümler Mallampati Sınıflaması Hakkında Ne Söyleyebilir? Anahtar Kelimeler: Antropometri, Bigonial mesafe, kesici dişler arası mesafe, Modifiye Mallampati skoru, Tiromental mesafe Giriş: Mallampati skoru entübasyon ile ilgili olası sorunları tahmin etmek için en yaygın kullanılan yöntemidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, modifiye Mallampati skoru (MMS) ile yüz antropometrik ölçümler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Metod: Çalışma 153 erkek ve 170 kadın gönüllü ile (ortalama yaş, 48,9 ± 16,9 ve 44,1 ± 15,4 yıl, sırasıyla) yapıldı. Tüm katılımcılar pre-operatif ziyareti sırasında Mallampati skoru değerlendirmesi ve yüz antropometrik ölçümleri yapıldı. Antropometrik ölçümler arasında kesici dişler arası mesafe, alt yüz yüksekliği, tirogonial uzunluk, tiromental mesafe ve bigonial mesafe vardı. MMS ile antropometrik ölçümler arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel analizi ile araştırıldı. Sonuç: Bigonial mesafe MMS ile pozitif korelasyon olduğu gözlendi kesici dişler arası mesafe, alt yüz yüksekliği ve tiromental mesafe negatif korelasyon göstermekteydi (r = 0.857 p <0.001) (r = -0,809, r = -0,738, r = - 0.762 p <0.001). ROC ve AUC analizi bigonial mesafede yüksek düzeyde anlamlı AUC (p <0.001) olduğu saptandı. Bigonial mesafe için optimal cut-off noktası> 113 mm idi ve bunun duyarlılık oranı % 94.8 ve özgüllük oranı % 95.9 idi. Bigonial mesafe MMS 3-4 için en iyi tanımlayıcı olduğu saptandı. Tartışma: Bu çalışma, hastanın genel durumunun Mallampati skorunun değerlendirmesi için uygun olmadığı zamanlarda bigonial mesafe gibi antropometrik yüz ölçümleri Mallampati değerlendirmesi için alternatif olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

References

  • Caplan RA, Posner KL, Ward RJ, Cheney FW. Adverse respiratory events in anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 1990;72:828-33. [CrossRef]
  • Samsoon GL, Young JR. Difficult tracheal intubation: a retrospec- tive study. Anaesthesia 1987;42:487-90. [CrossRef]
  • Mallampati SR, Gatt SP, Gugino LD, Desai SP, Waraksa B, Frei- berger D, et al. A clinical sign to predict difficult tracheal intu- bation: a prospective study. Can Anaesth Soc J 1985;32:429-34. [CrossRef]
  • Karkouti K, Rose DK, Ferris LE, Wigglesworth DF, Meisami-Fard T, Lee H. Inter-observer reliability of ten tests used for predict- ing difficult tracheal intubation. Can J Anaesth 1996;43:554-9. [CrossRef]
  • Yordanov Y. Naruchnik po antropologiya, Universitetsko Idatel- stvo “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia 1997.
  • Merah NA, Wong DT, Ffoulkes-Crabbe DJ, Kushimo OT, Bode CO. Modified Mallampati test, thyromental distance and inter- incisor gap are the best predictors of difficult laryngoscopy in West Africans. Can J Anaesth 2005;52:291-6. [CrossRef]
  • Krobbuaban B, Diregpoke S, Kumkeaw S, Tanomsat M. The predictive value of the height ratio and thyromental distance: four predictive tests for difficult laryngoscopy. Anesth Analg 2005;101:1542-5. [CrossRef]
  • Salimi A, Farzanegan B, Rastegarpour A, Kolahi AA. Compari- son of the upper lip bite test with measurement of thyromental distance for prediction of difficult intubations. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2008;46:61-5. [CrossRef]
  • Khan ZH, Mohammadi M, Rasouli MR, Farrokhnia F, Khan RH. The diagnostic value of the upper lip bite test combined with sterno- mental distance, thyromental distance, and interincisor distance for prediction of easy laryngoscopy and intubation: a prospective study. Anesth Analg 2009;109:822-4. [CrossRef]
  • Shiga T, Wajima Z, Inoue T, Sakamoto A. Predicting difficult intu- bation in apparently normal patients: a meta-analysis of bedside screening test performance. Anesthesiology 2005;103:429-37. [CrossRef]
  • Gray’s Anatomy. Bannister LH(Sec. ed.) Peter L. Williams Thirty Eighth edition. Churchill Livingstone 1995 1723-5 New York.
  • Moore KL. Clinically oriented anatomy second edition. 1985 Wil- liams& Wilkins Los Angeles 930-9.
  • El-Ganzouri AR, McCarthy RJ, Tuman KJ, Tanck EN, Ivankovich AD. Preoperative airway assessment: predictive value of a multi- variate risk index. Anesth Analg 1996;82:1197-204. [CrossRef]
  • Ezri T, Warters RD, Szmuk P, Saad-Eddin H, Geva D, Katz J, Hag- berg C. The incidence of class “zero” airway and the impact of Mallampati score, age, sex, and body mass index on prediction of laryngoscopy grade. Anesth Analg 2001;93:1073-5. [CrossRef]

What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?

Year 2012, Volume: 2012 Issue: 1, 68 - 72, 01.01.2012
https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013

Abstract

References

  • Caplan RA, Posner KL, Ward RJ, Cheney FW. Adverse respiratory events in anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 1990;72:828-33. [CrossRef]
  • Samsoon GL, Young JR. Difficult tracheal intubation: a retrospec- tive study. Anaesthesia 1987;42:487-90. [CrossRef]
  • Mallampati SR, Gatt SP, Gugino LD, Desai SP, Waraksa B, Frei- berger D, et al. A clinical sign to predict difficult tracheal intu- bation: a prospective study. Can Anaesth Soc J 1985;32:429-34. [CrossRef]
  • Karkouti K, Rose DK, Ferris LE, Wigglesworth DF, Meisami-Fard T, Lee H. Inter-observer reliability of ten tests used for predict- ing difficult tracheal intubation. Can J Anaesth 1996;43:554-9. [CrossRef]
  • Yordanov Y. Naruchnik po antropologiya, Universitetsko Idatel- stvo “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia 1997.
  • Merah NA, Wong DT, Ffoulkes-Crabbe DJ, Kushimo OT, Bode CO. Modified Mallampati test, thyromental distance and inter- incisor gap are the best predictors of difficult laryngoscopy in West Africans. Can J Anaesth 2005;52:291-6. [CrossRef]
  • Krobbuaban B, Diregpoke S, Kumkeaw S, Tanomsat M. The predictive value of the height ratio and thyromental distance: four predictive tests for difficult laryngoscopy. Anesth Analg 2005;101:1542-5. [CrossRef]
  • Salimi A, Farzanegan B, Rastegarpour A, Kolahi AA. Compari- son of the upper lip bite test with measurement of thyromental distance for prediction of difficult intubations. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2008;46:61-5. [CrossRef]
  • Khan ZH, Mohammadi M, Rasouli MR, Farrokhnia F, Khan RH. The diagnostic value of the upper lip bite test combined with sterno- mental distance, thyromental distance, and interincisor distance for prediction of easy laryngoscopy and intubation: a prospective study. Anesth Analg 2009;109:822-4. [CrossRef]
  • Shiga T, Wajima Z, Inoue T, Sakamoto A. Predicting difficult intu- bation in apparently normal patients: a meta-analysis of bedside screening test performance. Anesthesiology 2005;103:429-37. [CrossRef]
  • Gray’s Anatomy. Bannister LH(Sec. ed.) Peter L. Williams Thirty Eighth edition. Churchill Livingstone 1995 1723-5 New York.
  • Moore KL. Clinically oriented anatomy second edition. 1985 Wil- liams& Wilkins Los Angeles 930-9.
  • El-Ganzouri AR, McCarthy RJ, Tuman KJ, Tanck EN, Ivankovich AD. Preoperative airway assessment: predictive value of a multi- variate risk index. Anesth Analg 1996;82:1197-204. [CrossRef]
  • Ezri T, Warters RD, Szmuk P, Saad-Eddin H, Geva D, Katz J, Hag- berg C. The incidence of class “zero” airway and the impact of Mallampati score, age, sex, and body mass index on prediction of laryngoscopy grade. Anesth Analg 2001;93:1073-5. [CrossRef]
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alkin Çolak This is me

Ali Yılmaz This is me

Dilek Memiş This is me

Necdet Süt This is me

Bülent Sabri Cigali This is me

Murat Kargı This is me

Selman Çıkmaz This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2012 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çolak, A., Yılmaz, A., Memiş, D., Süt, N., et al. (2012). What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?. Balkan Medical Journal, 2012(1), 68-72. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013
AMA Çolak A, Yılmaz A, Memiş D, Süt N, Cigali BS, Kargı M, Çıkmaz S. What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?. Balkan Medical Journal. January 2012;2012(1):68-72. doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013
Chicago Çolak, Alkin, Ali Yılmaz, Dilek Memiş, Necdet Süt, Bülent Sabri Cigali, Murat Kargı, and Selman Çıkmaz. “What Can Anthropometric Measurements Tell Us About Mallampati Classification?”. Balkan Medical Journal 2012, no. 1 (January 2012): 68-72. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013.
EndNote Çolak A, Yılmaz A, Memiş D, Süt N, Cigali BS, Kargı M, Çıkmaz S (January 1, 2012) What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?. Balkan Medical Journal 2012 1 68–72.
IEEE A. Çolak, A. Yılmaz, D. Memiş, N. Süt, B. S. Cigali, M. Kargı, and S. Çıkmaz, “What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?”, Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2012, no. 1, pp. 68–72, 2012, doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013.
ISNAD Çolak, Alkin et al. “What Can Anthropometric Measurements Tell Us About Mallampati Classification?”. Balkan Medical Journal 2012/1 (January 2012), 68-72. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013.
JAMA Çolak A, Yılmaz A, Memiş D, Süt N, Cigali BS, Kargı M, Çıkmaz S. What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?. Balkan Medical Journal. 2012;2012:68–72.
MLA Çolak, Alkin et al. “What Can Anthropometric Measurements Tell Us About Mallampati Classification?”. Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2012, no. 1, 2012, pp. 68-72, doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2011.013.
Vancouver Çolak A, Yılmaz A, Memiş D, Süt N, Cigali BS, Kargı M, Çıkmaz S. What can Anthropometric Measurements Tell us About Mallampati Classification?. Balkan Medical Journal. 2012;2012(1):68-72.