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General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey

Year 2013, Volume: 2013 Issue: 1, 68 - 73, 01.01.2013
https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089

Abstract

Objective: Unlike seasonal influenza, seen in previous years, the strain identified in the 2009 influenza-A pandemic involved high mortality. In this study, prognostic factors and general characteristics of pneumonia cases developed in Turkey during the H1N1 pandemic between October 2009 and January 2010 were analyzed. Study Design: Multicenter retrospective study. Material and Methods: This multicentric retrospective study was conducted between August and October 2010 and patients' data were collected by means of standard forms. Results: The study included 264 pneumonia cases, collected from 14 different centers. Mean age was 47.5±18.6 years. Nineteen patients (7.2%) were pregnant or had a new birth and comorbid diseases were detected in 52.3% of all patients. On admission, 35 (13.8%) cases had altered mental status. Overall, 32.6% were treated in intensive care units (ICU) and invasive/non-invasive mechanical ventilation was performed in 29.7%. The mean duration of ICU stay was 2.9±6.2 and total hospital stay was 12.0±9.4 days. Mortality rate was 16.8% (43-cases). The length of ICU treatment, total hospital stay, and mortality were significantly higher in H1N1-confirmed patients. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with dyspnea, cyanosis, and those who had altered mental status on admission. Patients who died had significantly higher rate of peripheral blood neutrophils, lower platelet counts, higher BUN, and lower SaO2 levels. Conclusion: This study showed that pneumonia developed during H1N1 pandemic in our country had resulted in a high mortality. Mortality was especially high among patients with cyanosis, altered mental state and those with lower SaO2. Turkish Başlık: Türkiye'de Pandemik İnfluenza A (H1N1) Salgını Sırasında Pnömoni Gelişen Olguların Genel Özellikleri ve Prognostik Faktörler Anahtar Kelimeler: İnfluenza, Pandemik influenza A, H1N1 pandemisi, mortalite pnömoni, yoğun bakım ünitesi Amaç: Önceki yıllarda gelişen mevsimsel influenza olgularından farklı olarak, 2009 yılında görülen pandemik influenza-A enfeksiyonu yüksek oranda mortal seyretmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Ekim-2009 ile Ocak-2010 tarihleri arasında ülkemizde görülen pandemik influenza A (H1N1) salgını sırasında pnömoni gelişen olguların genel özellikleri ve ilişkili prognostik faktörleri analiz edilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hasta bilgilerinin standart veri formları aracılığı ile toparlandığı bu çalışma, çok merkezli olarak Ağustos-Ekim 2010 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 14 merkezden toplam 264 olgu alındı. Hastaların ortalama yaşları 47.5±18.6 yıl idi. Hastaların 19'u (%7.2) gebe veya yeni doğum yapmıştı. Başvuru sırasında hastaların %52.3'ünde komorbid bir hastalık, %13.8'inde ise (35 hasta) şuur değişikliği mevcuttu. Hastaların %32.6'sı yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) takip edilmiş, tüm olguların %29.7'sinde invaziv ya da non-invaziv mekanik ventilasyon uygulanmıştı. YBÜ'de yatış süresi 2.9±6.2 gün, hastanede toplam yatış süresi ise 12.0±9.4 gündü. Mortalite oranı %16.8 (43-olgu) bulundu. YBÜ'de kalış süresi, toplam yatış süresi ve mortalite; H1N1 teyid edilen hastalarda anlamlı fazlaydı. Başvuru sırasında dispnesi, siyanozlu ve şuur değişikliği olan hastalarda mortalite anlamlı yüksekti. Ölen olgularda ayrıca periferik kan nötrofil oranları yüksek, trombosit sayıları düşük, BUN düzeyi yüksek ve SaO2 düzeyi anlamlı düşük bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmamız, ülkemizde yaşanan H1N1 salgını sırasında gelişen pnömonilerin yüksek mortalite ile sonuçlandığını göstermiştir. Özellikle siyanozlu, şuur değişikliği olan ve oksijen saturasyonu düşük olan hastalarda mortalite anlamlı yüksek seyretmiştir.

References

  • Can ÖS, Unal N, Memikoglu O, Tulunay M. Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus and Clinical Experience. Yogun Bakim Dergisi 2010;9:1-12.
  • Bakir M. Pandemic influenza situation update in Turkey. J Infect Dev Ctries 2010;4:124-5. [CrossRef]
  • Saidel-Odes L, Borer A, Schlaeffer F, Nativ R, Livshiz-Riven I, Shemer Y, et al. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia with influenza A/H1N1 in southern Israel. Int J Infect Dis 2011;15:e470-4. [CrossRef]
  • Kirakli C, Tatar D, Cimen P, Edipoglu O, Coskun M, Celikten E, et al. Survival From Severe Pandemic H1N1 in Urban and Rural Turkey:A Case Series. Respir Care 2011;56:790-5. [CrossRef] Gong MN, Bajwa E, Thompson BT, Christiani DC. Body mass index is associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Thorax 2010;65:44-50. [CrossRef]
  • Reyes S, Montull B, Martínez R, Córdoba J, Molina JM, Martí V, et al. Risk factors of A/H1N1 etiology in pneumonia and its impact on mortality. Respir Med 2011;105:1404-11. [CrossRef]
  • Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health:[National Action Plan in Pandemic Influenzae]. Ankara, 2006;77-82.
  • Ozlu T, Bulbul Y, Alatas F, Arseven O, Sakar Coskun A, Cilli A, et al. Turkish Thoracic Society Consensus Report on Diagnosis and treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia. Turk Toraks Dergisi 2009;10 (Suppl 9):1-16.
  • Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/ American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44 (Suppl 2):S27-72. [CrossRef]
  • L’vov DK, Burtseva EI, Prilipov AG, Bogdanova VS, Shchelkanov MIu, Bovin NV, et al. A possible association of fatal pneumonia with mutations of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 sw1 virus in the receptorbinding site of the HA1 subunit. Vopr Virusol 2010;55:4-9.

General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey

Year 2013, Volume: 2013 Issue: 1, 68 - 73, 01.01.2013
https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089

Abstract

References

  • Can ÖS, Unal N, Memikoglu O, Tulunay M. Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus and Clinical Experience. Yogun Bakim Dergisi 2010;9:1-12.
  • Bakir M. Pandemic influenza situation update in Turkey. J Infect Dev Ctries 2010;4:124-5. [CrossRef]
  • Saidel-Odes L, Borer A, Schlaeffer F, Nativ R, Livshiz-Riven I, Shemer Y, et al. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia with influenza A/H1N1 in southern Israel. Int J Infect Dis 2011;15:e470-4. [CrossRef]
  • Kirakli C, Tatar D, Cimen P, Edipoglu O, Coskun M, Celikten E, et al. Survival From Severe Pandemic H1N1 in Urban and Rural Turkey:A Case Series. Respir Care 2011;56:790-5. [CrossRef] Gong MN, Bajwa E, Thompson BT, Christiani DC. Body mass index is associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Thorax 2010;65:44-50. [CrossRef]
  • Reyes S, Montull B, Martínez R, Córdoba J, Molina JM, Martí V, et al. Risk factors of A/H1N1 etiology in pneumonia and its impact on mortality. Respir Med 2011;105:1404-11. [CrossRef]
  • Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health:[National Action Plan in Pandemic Influenzae]. Ankara, 2006;77-82.
  • Ozlu T, Bulbul Y, Alatas F, Arseven O, Sakar Coskun A, Cilli A, et al. Turkish Thoracic Society Consensus Report on Diagnosis and treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia. Turk Toraks Dergisi 2009;10 (Suppl 9):1-16.
  • Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/ American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44 (Suppl 2):S27-72. [CrossRef]
  • L’vov DK, Burtseva EI, Prilipov AG, Bogdanova VS, Shchelkanov MIu, Bovin NV, et al. A possible association of fatal pneumonia with mutations of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 sw1 virus in the receptorbinding site of the HA1 subunit. Vopr Virusol 2010;55:4-9.
There are 9 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tevfik Özlu This is me

Yılmaz Bülbül This is me

Sezai Taşbakan This is me

Hatice Kılıç This is me

Tülin Kuyucu This is me

Tekin Yıldız This is me

Tarkan Özdemir This is me

Serap Duru This is me

Funda Öztuna This is me

Nalan Adıgüzel This is me

Leyla Sağlam This is me

Ayşin Şakar Coşkun This is me

Tacettin Örnek This is me

Gazi Gündüz This is me

Ayten Filiz This is me

Levent Özdemir This is me

Gülfer Okumuş This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 2013 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özlu, T., Bülbül, Y., Taşbakan, S., Kılıç, H., et al. (2013). General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey. Balkan Medical Journal, 2013(1), 68-73. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089
AMA Özlu T, Bülbül Y, Taşbakan S, Kılıç H, Kuyucu T, Yıldız T, Özdemir T, Duru S, Öztuna F, Adıgüzel N, Sağlam L, Coşkun AŞ, Örnek T, Gündüz G, Filiz A, Özdemir L, Okumuş G. General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey. Balkan Medical Journal. January 2013;2013(1):68-73. doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089
Chicago Özlu, Tevfik, Yılmaz Bülbül, Sezai Taşbakan, Hatice Kılıç, Tülin Kuyucu, Tekin Yıldız, Tarkan Özdemir, Serap Duru, Funda Öztuna, Nalan Adıgüzel, Leyla Sağlam, Ayşin Şakar Coşkun, Tacettin Örnek, Gazi Gündüz, Ayten Filiz, Levent Özdemir, and Gülfer Okumuş. “General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey”. Balkan Medical Journal 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 68-73. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089.
EndNote Özlu T, Bülbül Y, Taşbakan S, Kılıç H, Kuyucu T, Yıldız T, Özdemir T, Duru S, Öztuna F, Adıgüzel N, Sağlam L, Coşkun AŞ, Örnek T, Gündüz G, Filiz A, Özdemir L, Okumuş G (January 1, 2013) General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey. Balkan Medical Journal 2013 1 68–73.
IEEE T. Özlu, “General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey”, Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 68–73, 2013, doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089.
ISNAD Özlu, Tevfik et al. “General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey”. Balkan Medical Journal 2013/1 (January 2013), 68-73. https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089.
JAMA Özlu T, Bülbül Y, Taşbakan S, Kılıç H, Kuyucu T, Yıldız T, Özdemir T, Duru S, Öztuna F, Adıgüzel N, Sağlam L, Coşkun AŞ, Örnek T, Gündüz G, Filiz A, Özdemir L, Okumuş G. General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey. Balkan Medical Journal. 2013;2013:68–73.
MLA Özlu, Tevfik et al. “General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey”. Balkan Medical Journal, vol. 2013, no. 1, 2013, pp. 68-73, doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.089.
Vancouver Özlu T, Bülbül Y, Taşbakan S, Kılıç H, Kuyucu T, Yıldız T, Özdemir T, Duru S, Öztuna F, Adıgüzel N, Sağlam L, Coşkun AŞ, Örnek T, Gündüz G, Filiz A, Özdemir L, Okumuş G. General Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Pneumonia Cases Developed During Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza-A Virus Infection in Turkey. Balkan Medical Journal. 2013;2013(1):68-73.