Myeloid Neoplasia and Lymphoblastic Lymphoma with Eosinophilia After Radioactive Iodine: A Case Report

Year 2018, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 199 - 202, 01.03.2018

Mahmut Büyükşimşek Semra Paydaş Ali Oğul Emine Bağır Melek Ergin

Abstract

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, with an increasing incidence around the world in the last three decades. The increased risk of secondary cancer is associated with a genetic predisposition or radioactive iodine used in the treatment. Case Report: A 65-year old male patient was operated on for thyroid papillary cancer. He received radioactive iodine on two occasions postoperatively. After six years, he presented with malaise and fatigue with leukocytosis and eosinophlilia. The physical examination revealed inguinal lymphadenopathies and splenomegaly, after examining the bone marrow and lymph node biopsies, he was diagnosed with eosinophilic myeloproliferative neoplasia and T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma.Conclusion: Leukaemia and other haematological malignencies may develop after radioactive iodine treatment. Patients with radioactive iodine ablation history should be monitored for a long time.

Keywords

Iodine, lymphoma, myeloid neoplasm, radioactive treatment

References

• 1. Davies L, Welch HG. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973-2002. JAMA 2006;295:2164-7.
• 2. Gilliland FD, Hunt WC, Morris DM, Key CR. Prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma. A population-based study of 15,698 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program 1973-1991. Cancer 1997;79:564-73.
• 3. Lu CH, Lee KD, Chen PT, Chen CC, Kuan FC, Huang CE, et al. Second primary malignancies following thyroid cancer: a population-based study in Taiwan. Eur J Endocrinol 2013;169:577-85
• 4. Iyer NG, Morris LG, Tuttle RM, Shaha AR, Ganly I. Rising incidence of second cancers in patients with low-risk (T1N0) thyroid cancer who receive radioactive iodine therapy. Cancer 2011;117:4439-46.
• 5. Telford N, Alexander S, McGinn OJ, Williams M, Wood KM, Bloor A, et al. Myeloproliferative neoplasm with eosinophilia and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma with ETV6-LYN gene fusion. Blood Cancer J 2016;6:e412.
• 6. Moita F, Bogalho I, Alaiz H, Parreira J, Frade MJ, Nunes A, et al. Clonal Hypereosinophilia with ETV6 Rearrangement Evolving to T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Hematol 2013;2013:652745.
• 7. Teng CJ, Hu YW, Chen SC, Yeh CM, Chiang HL, Chen TJ, Liu CJ. Use of Radioactive Iodine for Thyroid Cancer and Risk for Second Primary Malignancy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015:108.
• 8. Im M, Lee JK, Hong YJ, Hong SI, Kang HJ, Na II, et al. Four Cases of Hematologic Malignancy Following Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Thyroid Cancer. Korean J Lab Med 2008;28:425-9.
• 9. Schiavinato A, Piva E, Pantano G, Cornoldi P, Nabergoj M, Plebani M. A case of eosinophilic disorder that evolved in acute lymphoblastyc leukemia. Am J Hematol 2016;91:167-8.
• 10. Parasole R, Petruzziello F, De Matteo A, Maisto G, Castelli L, Errico ME, et al. Hypereosinophilia in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at diagnosis: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Ital J Pediatr 2014;40:36.