Çinko boratın partikül boyutu, katkı oranı ve kimyasal yapısının polivinil klorürün termal ve mekanik özelliklerine etkisi

Abstract

Çinko borat (ZB), alev geciktirici ve duman bastırıcı bir bor bileşiğidir. Aleve dayanıklı polimer kompozitler elde etmek için yaygın olarak kullanılır. Polivinil klorür (PVC), çoğunlukla kablo izolasyonu, kalem ve kapı, borular, döşemeler, oyuncaklar vb. için kullanılan ticari açıdan önemli polimerlerden biridir. Öte yandan PVC, yangın sırasında bozunma ürünleri olarak zehirli gazlar açığa çıkarır. Çinko borat katkısının bu soruna bir çözüm olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ancak bu çözüm yeni bir soruna yol açar. Çinko borat, PVC'nin mekanik özelliklerini etkiler. Kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri çekme testi, darbe testi, sertlik testi ile belirlenmiş ve dinamik mekanik analiz (DMA) ile termomekanik davranışları tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada çinko boratın katkısını optimize etmek için, farklı formülasyonlarda (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O ve 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O), farklı katkı oranlarında (ağırlıkça %1 ve %5) ve farklı partikül boyutlarında toz PVC yapısına (nano-boyutlu ve mikro-boyutlu) eklenmiş ve her bir kompozitin mekanik ve termomekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

• Çinko borat
• PVC
• mekanik özellikler
• kompozit
• alev geciktirici
• duman bastırıcı

Influence of particle size, additive ratio and chemical structure of zinc borate on thermal and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride

Abstract

Zinc borate (ZB) is a flame retardant and smoke supressant compound of boron. It is widely used to achieve flame resistant polymer composites. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the commercially important polymers mostly used for cable insulating, pen and door, pipes, floorings, toys etc.. On the other hand, PVC relases toxic gases during fire as decomposition products. Zinc borate doping is thought to be a solution for this problem. However, this solution leads a new problem. Zinc borate effects the mechanical properties of PVC. Mechanical properties of composites were determined by tensile test, impact test, hardness test and thermomechanical behaviours were detected with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). In the present study, to optimize the contribution of zinc borate, the powder with different formulations (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O and 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O), with different additive ratios (1% and 5% by weight) and different particle sizes (nano‒sized and micro‒sized) were added to the PVC structure and the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of each composite were investigated.

Keywords

• Zinc borate
• PVC
• mechanical properties
• composite
• flame retardant
• smoke supressant

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