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Ammonium sulphate producibility using waste gypsum

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 48 - 55, 29.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.610616

Abstract

Gypsum (2CaSO4.2H2O) is released as a byproduct when the synthesis of boric acid is carried out by using sulfuric acid and colemanite (Ca2B6O11.5H2O). The byproduct from the Boric Acid Production Facilities of Eti Mine Works General Directorate is diluted and sent to the waste dam. In this study, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) was synthesized as pH and temperature controlled by using gypsum (2CaSO4.2H2O) and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3). Thus, it is foreseen that the cost burden of waste dams can be reduced by benefiting from waste. In addition, this study is important for our country in terms of developing new products in the agricultural sector. After the reaction between gypsum and ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulphate synthesized was analyzed and characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), thermogravimetric (TGA) and titrimetric methods. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was used to verify obtaining (NH4)2SO4. In conclusion, (NH4)2SO4 was synthesized by 98.336% purity and 88.730% yield under determined working conditions.

Supporting Institution

ETİMADEN

References

  • [1] Wang G., Yang L., Lan R., Wang T., Jin Y., Granulation by spray coating aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate to produce large spherical granules in a fluidized bed, Particuology, 11 (5) 483–489, 2013.
  • [2] Hemati M., Cherif R., Saleh K., Pont V., Fluidized bed coating and granulation: Influence of process-related variables and physicochemical properties on the growth kinetics, Powder Technol., 130 18-34, 2003.
  • [3] Xue B. Huang H. Mao M., Liu E., An investigation of the effect of ammonium sulfate addition on compound fertilizer granulation, Particuology, 31 54–58, 2017.
  • [4] Cordell G. B., Reaction kinetics of the production of ammonium sulfate from anhydrite, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev,7 (2) 78–84, 1968.
  • [5] Gopinath N. D., Disposal or use of gypsum in production of ammonium sulfate, In: Slack AV (ed.) Phosphoric acid, Vol 1. Part 11. Marcel Dekker, New York, 541–566, 1968.
  • [6] Azdarpour A., Asadullah M., Junin R., Manan M., Hamidi H. Mohammadian E., Direct carbonation of red gypsum to produce solid carbonates, Fuel Process. Technol., 126 429-434, 2014.
  • [7] Bao W., Zhao H., Li H., Li S., Lin W., Process simulation of mineral carbonation of phosphogypsum with ammonia under increased CO2 pressure, J. CO2 Util., 17 125-136, 2017.
  • [8] Zhao J., Song X., Sun Z., Xu Y., Yu J. Design and optimization of the preparation of calcium carbonate from calcium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate, Int. J. Chem. Reactor Eng.,12 (1) 611–621, 2014.
  • [9] Zarga Y., Elfil H., Boubaker H. B., Calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate simple and mixed precipitations, J. of New Sci., 8 (2) 7-16, 2014.
  • [10] Kandil A. H. T., Cheira M. F., Gado H. S. Soliman M. H., Akl H. M., Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste, J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci., 10 24-33, 2017.
  • [11] Kurşun İ., Gürbüz M. A., Günay E., Kaya Y., Evci G., Süzer S., Pekcan V., Effect of boron fertilizing on sunflower yield in Thrace region, BORON, 1(2) 74-85, 2016.

Atık jips kullanılarak amonyum sülfat üretilebilirliği

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 48 - 55, 29.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.610616

Abstract

Kolemanit (Ca2B6O11.5H2O) ve sülfürik asit kullanılarak borik asit sentezi gerçekleştirildiğinde yan ürün olarak jips (2CaSO4.2H2O) açığa çıkar. Eti Maden İşletmeleri Genel Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı Borik Asit Üretim Tesislerinden çıkan yan ürün jips sulandırılarak atık barajına gönderilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, jips (2CaSO4.2H2O) ve amonyum bikarbonat (NH4HCO3) kullanılarak pH ve sıcaklık kontrollü olarak amonyum sülfat ((NH4)2SO4) sentezlenmiştir. Böylece, atıktan fayda sağlanarak atık barajlarının getirdiği maliyet yüklerinin düşürülebileceği öngörülmektedir. Ayrıca, bu çalışma tarım sektöründe yeni ürün geliştirilmesi bakımından ülkemiz için önemlidir. Jips ve amonyum bikarbonat arasındaki reaksiyon sonrasında sentezlenen amonyum sülfatın X-ışını floresans spektrometresi (XRF), indüktif olarak eşleştirilmiş plazma (ICP), termogravimetrik (TGA) ve titrimetrik yöntemler ile analizleri yapılmış ve karakterize edilmiştir. Dahası, (NH4)2SO4 elde edildiğinin doğrulanması için X-ışını kırınım (XRD) deseni kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta, belirlenen optimum çalışma koşullarında %98,336 saflıkta ve %88,730 verimle (NH4)2SO4 sentezlenmiştir. 

References

  • [1] Wang G., Yang L., Lan R., Wang T., Jin Y., Granulation by spray coating aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate to produce large spherical granules in a fluidized bed, Particuology, 11 (5) 483–489, 2013.
  • [2] Hemati M., Cherif R., Saleh K., Pont V., Fluidized bed coating and granulation: Influence of process-related variables and physicochemical properties on the growth kinetics, Powder Technol., 130 18-34, 2003.
  • [3] Xue B. Huang H. Mao M., Liu E., An investigation of the effect of ammonium sulfate addition on compound fertilizer granulation, Particuology, 31 54–58, 2017.
  • [4] Cordell G. B., Reaction kinetics of the production of ammonium sulfate from anhydrite, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev,7 (2) 78–84, 1968.
  • [5] Gopinath N. D., Disposal or use of gypsum in production of ammonium sulfate, In: Slack AV (ed.) Phosphoric acid, Vol 1. Part 11. Marcel Dekker, New York, 541–566, 1968.
  • [6] Azdarpour A., Asadullah M., Junin R., Manan M., Hamidi H. Mohammadian E., Direct carbonation of red gypsum to produce solid carbonates, Fuel Process. Technol., 126 429-434, 2014.
  • [7] Bao W., Zhao H., Li H., Li S., Lin W., Process simulation of mineral carbonation of phosphogypsum with ammonia under increased CO2 pressure, J. CO2 Util., 17 125-136, 2017.
  • [8] Zhao J., Song X., Sun Z., Xu Y., Yu J. Design and optimization of the preparation of calcium carbonate from calcium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate, Int. J. Chem. Reactor Eng.,12 (1) 611–621, 2014.
  • [9] Zarga Y., Elfil H., Boubaker H. B., Calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate simple and mixed precipitations, J. of New Sci., 8 (2) 7-16, 2014.
  • [10] Kandil A. H. T., Cheira M. F., Gado H. S. Soliman M. H., Akl H. M., Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste, J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci., 10 24-33, 2017.
  • [11] Kurşun İ., Gürbüz M. A., Günay E., Kaya Y., Evci G., Süzer S., Pekcan V., Effect of boron fertilizing on sunflower yield in Thrace region, BORON, 1(2) 74-85, 2016.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuğba Akkaş Boynueğri 0000-0003-1047-6267

Melike Yıldıran Serin This is me 0000-0003-4981-8172

Sevgi Dursun This is me 0000-0001-6368-7186

Publication Date March 29, 2020
Acceptance Date March 23, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akkaş Boynueğri, T., Yıldıran Serin, M., & Dursun, S. (2020). Atık jips kullanılarak amonyum sülfat üretilebilirliği. Journal of Boron, 5(1), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.610616

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