Investigation of the effect of chromium, boron, and boron carbide reinforcements on tribological properties in copper matrix hybrid composites

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 144 - 151, 29.12.2023

Merve Horlu , Cevher Kürşat Macit , Gamze İspirlioğlu Kara , Burak Tanyeri , Bünyamin Aksakal

https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.1358658

Abstract

In this study, a hybrid mixture was made by adding Chromium (Cr) (1%) in a fixed ratio by weight to pure copper (Cu) powder and Boron (1%, 2%, 3%) and Boron carbide (B4C) (1%, 2%, 3%) powders separately in certain ratios. When the literature studies are examined, there are studies in which B4C and Cr powders were added to Cu powder separately. However, it was observed that a hybrid mixture was not made as in this study. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the tribological effects of the specific properties of three different reinforcing elements on Cu matrix material. Powder metallurgy production parameters were utilized to mix Cu powder with Cr, B and B4C powders. The prepared hybrid composites were tested for microstructure (XRD, SEM and EDX), hardness and wear at constant sliding distance under dry conditions. Weight loss plots and coefficient of friction values were generated for each composite sample. After the wear tests, the wear marks on the wear surfaces were analyzed by SEM analysis. As a result of hardness and wear tests, the hybrid composite Cu-Cr-3B gave the best results, while the lowest result was seen in pure Cu composite. In Cu-Cr-3B composite, 32% better results were obtained in hardness value and 151% better results were obtained in wear weight compared to Cu composite. In the post-wear SEM images, it was seen that B and B4C particles increased the resistance on the wear surface. According to the results obtained in the study, B and B4C, which have an important place for our country, increased the tribological properties of Cu matrix composites and showed that the studies can continue with new hybrid mixtures.

Keywords

Powder Metallurgy, Hybrid Composites, Copper, Boron, Boron Carbide, Tribology

Bakır matrisli hibrit kompozitlerde krom, bor ve bor karbür takviyelerinin tribolojik özelliklere etkisinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada saf bakır (Cu) tozuna ağırlıkça sabit oranda Krom (Cr) (%1) ve ayrı olarak belirli oranlarda Bor (%1, %2, %3) ile Bor karbür (B4C) (%1, %2, %3) tozlarının eklenmesiyle hibrit bir karışım yapılmıştır. Literatür çalışmaları incelendiğinde Cu tozuna ayrı ayrı B4C ve Cr tozlarının ilave edildiği çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu çalışmada olduğu gibi hibrit bir karışım yapılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada üç farklı takviye elemanının spesifik özelliklerinin Cu matris malzeme üzerindeki tribolojik etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Cu tozunun Cr, B ve B4C tozları ile karıştırılmasında toz metalurjisi üretim parametrelerinden yararlanılmıştır. Hazırlanan hibrit kompozitlerin, mikroyapı (XRD, SEM ve EDX), sertlik ve kuru koşullar altında sabit kayma mesafesinde aşınma testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her kompozit numune için ağırlık kaybı grafikleri ve sürtünme katsayısı değerleri oluşturuldu. Aşınma deneyleri sonrasında aşınma yüzeylerinde meydana gelen aşınma izleri SEM analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Sertlik ve aşınma testleri sonucunda en iyi sonuçları veren hibrit kompozit Cu-Cr-3B olurken, en düşük sonuç ise saf Cu kompozitinde görüldü. Cu-Cr-3B kompozitinde Cu kompozite göre sertlik değerinde %32, aşınma ağırlığında ise %151 oranında daha iyi sonuç elde edilmiştir. Aşınma sonrası SEM görüntülerinde, B ve B4C parçacıklarının aşınma yüzeyindeki direnci artırdığı görülmüştür. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre ülkemiz için önemli bir yeri olan B ve B4C’nin Cu matrisli kompozitlerin tribolojik özelliklerini artırdığı ve çalışmaların yeni hibrit karışımlarla devam edebileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Bakır, Bor, Bor Karbür, Hibrit Kompozit, Triboloji, Toz Metalurjisi

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