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The Possibility of Traversing the Imaginal Knowledge-Remarks of Muhammad b. Abd al-Jabbar al-Niffari on Vision (Ru'yah) and Absence (Ghaybah)

Year 2016, Volume: 10 Issue: 10, 165 - 183, 30.12.2016

Abstract

Among the various aspects those make the
Sūfī world view unique, the lore or the knowledge a
ttained through the purification of the self plays a
vital role. For, it has its roots in Revelation. Despite the diversity in
methods (
usūl), many representatives of Sūfī thought are in agreement
concerning the nature of this profound knowledge. The ways differ in accordance
with the ca
pacity of the ones
who demand it. However, the authenticity of it enables seekers to lead a life
akin to that of the Perfect Man.

In order to gain this sort of inward
knowledge, the sufīs appeal to the opinions of the masters of theoretical
Sufism (irfān-i nazarī) who define the ways to understand the truth that
lies behind the veils. One of these masters is Muhammad b. Abd al-Jabbār
al-Niffarī, the writer of
al-Mawaqif
wa al-Mukhatabat
. Niffarī’s work
consists of
mawqifs those written in an almost abstruse language. Niffarī explains many sufi
terms including the staying, veil, gnosis, vision, etc. skilfully.





In this article, we
will try to explain the nature of veils and unveiling in the context of vision
as a suprarational means of attaining the truth. Then we will try to find out
the role of vision through imagination. Finally, we will try to explain the
relation of vision with the absence. 

References

  • Adonis, Sufism & Surrealism, trans. Judith Cumberbatch, Saqi Books, Beirut 2005.
  • Al-Ghazzālī, Mishkat al-Anwar, trans. W. H. T. Gairdner, Ashraf Press, Lahore 1952.
  • _____, The Alchemy of Happiness, trans. Henry A. Homes, Albany Institute, Albany NY 1873.
  • _____, Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-Dīn, Dār al-Shaʿb, Cairo: Dār al-Shaʿb, w. d. (Silsilat Kitāb al-Shaʿb), n.d.
  • al-Qushayrī’s Epistle on Sufism, trans. Alexander D. Knysh, Garnet Publishing, UK 2007.
  • Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam, The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill 1978.
  • Arthur J. Arberry, Sūfīsm- An Account of the Mystics of Islam, Routledge, Lon-don and New York 2008.
  • Gardet, L., “Kas̲h̲f”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, ed. P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  • Henry Corbin, Temple and Contemplation, KPI ltd., London 1986.
  • _____, Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn ‘Arabī, Routledge, New York 2008.
  • Ibn al-ʿArabī, Muḥyī al-Dīn, al-Futūhāt al-Makkiyya, Dār al-Kutūb al-‛īyyah al-Kubrā, Egypt 1329/1911.
  • _____, Fusūs al-hikam, edited by ‘Abū al-’Alā ‘Afifi, Dār al-Kitāb al-’Arabī (Beirut, n.d.).
  • MacDonald, D.B. and Hodgson, M.G.S., “G̲h̲ayba”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  • Fazlur Rahman, “Dream, Imagination and ‘Ālam al-Miṯẖāl.” Islamic Studies, vol. 3, no. 2, 1964.
  • René Guénon, Man and His Becoming According to the Vedanta, trans. Richard C. Nicholson, Sophia Perennis, Hillsdale New York 2004.
  • Reynold A. Nicholson, The Mystics of Islam, World Wisdom, Bloomington 2003.
  • The Mawāqif and Mukhātabāt of Muhammad Ibn ‘Abdi Al-Jabbār Al-Niffarī, ed. Arthur J. Arberry, Messrs Luzac &Co., London 1935.
  • William C. Chittick, “The Paradox of Veil in Sufism” in Rending the Veil: Concealment and Secrecy in the History of Religions, ed. Elliot Wolfson, Seven Bridges Press, NY 1999.
  • _____, The Self-Disclosure of God, SUNY Press, Albany 1998.
  • _____, The Sufi Path of Knowledge, SUNY Press, Albany 1989.

Nazari Bilgide Geçişlerin Mümkünlüğü- Muhammed b. Abdulcebbâr en-Nifferî'nin Rüya ve Gayb Hakkındaki Görüşleri

Year 2016, Volume: 10 Issue: 10, 165 - 183, 30.12.2016

Abstract

Sûfî dünya görüşünü biricik kılan
birçok yön arasında, nefsin tezkiyesi yoluyla elde edilen yakin ya da ilim,
hayati bir önem taşımaktadır. Zira bu dünya perspektifinin kökleri vahye
dayanmaktadır. Yöntemlerdeki farklılıklara rağmen tasavvuf düşüncesinin
temsilcileri, bu deruni ilmin tabiatıyla alakalı görüş birliği içindedirler.
Yöntemler ise onu talep edenlerin kapasitesiyle uyumlu olarak farklılık arz
etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, sûfî dünya görüşünün sahihliği de saliklerin
insan-ı kâmil’in hayatına benzer bir hayat sürmelerine imkân tanımaktadır.

Sûfîler, bu deruni ilme erişmek
için çeşitli perdeler ardında gizli olan hakikati anlama usullerini tarif eden
nazari irfan üstatlarının görüşlerine müracaat etmektedirler. Bu üstatlardan
biri de el-Mevâkıf ve’l-Muhatabât isimli eserin müellifi Muhammed b. Abdulcebbâr
en-Nifferî’dir. Nifferî’nin Mevâkıf’ı, anlaşılması hayli güç bir dille
yazılmış mevkıf ya da duraklardan oluşmaktadır. Nifferî ayrıca vakfe,
hicâb, ma’rife, rü’yet gibi çok sayıda tasavvufi terimi
mahirane bir biçimde ele almaktadır.





Bu makalede, hakikate vasıl olmanın akılüstü bir vasıtası olarak rü’yet
bağlamında ‘perde’ (hicâb) ve ‘keşf’in mahiyeti üzerinde durulacaktır. Daha
sonra hayal bağlamında rü’yetin rolü tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Nihayetinde de ’rü’yet’in ‘gaybet’le ilişkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır

References

  • Adonis, Sufism & Surrealism, trans. Judith Cumberbatch, Saqi Books, Beirut 2005.
  • Al-Ghazzālī, Mishkat al-Anwar, trans. W. H. T. Gairdner, Ashraf Press, Lahore 1952.
  • _____, The Alchemy of Happiness, trans. Henry A. Homes, Albany Institute, Albany NY 1873.
  • _____, Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-Dīn, Dār al-Shaʿb, Cairo: Dār al-Shaʿb, w. d. (Silsilat Kitāb al-Shaʿb), n.d.
  • al-Qushayrī’s Epistle on Sufism, trans. Alexander D. Knysh, Garnet Publishing, UK 2007.
  • Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam, The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill 1978.
  • Arthur J. Arberry, Sūfīsm- An Account of the Mystics of Islam, Routledge, Lon-don and New York 2008.
  • Gardet, L., “Kas̲h̲f”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, ed. P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  • Henry Corbin, Temple and Contemplation, KPI ltd., London 1986.
  • _____, Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn ‘Arabī, Routledge, New York 2008.
  • Ibn al-ʿArabī, Muḥyī al-Dīn, al-Futūhāt al-Makkiyya, Dār al-Kutūb al-‛īyyah al-Kubrā, Egypt 1329/1911.
  • _____, Fusūs al-hikam, edited by ‘Abū al-’Alā ‘Afifi, Dār al-Kitāb al-’Arabī (Beirut, n.d.).
  • MacDonald, D.B. and Hodgson, M.G.S., “G̲h̲ayba”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  • Fazlur Rahman, “Dream, Imagination and ‘Ālam al-Miṯẖāl.” Islamic Studies, vol. 3, no. 2, 1964.
  • René Guénon, Man and His Becoming According to the Vedanta, trans. Richard C. Nicholson, Sophia Perennis, Hillsdale New York 2004.
  • Reynold A. Nicholson, The Mystics of Islam, World Wisdom, Bloomington 2003.
  • The Mawāqif and Mukhātabāt of Muhammad Ibn ‘Abdi Al-Jabbār Al-Niffarī, ed. Arthur J. Arberry, Messrs Luzac &Co., London 1935.
  • William C. Chittick, “The Paradox of Veil in Sufism” in Rending the Veil: Concealment and Secrecy in the History of Religions, ed. Elliot Wolfson, Seven Bridges Press, NY 1999.
  • _____, The Self-Disclosure of God, SUNY Press, Albany 1998.
  • _____, The Sufi Path of Knowledge, SUNY Press, Albany 1989.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nurullah Koltaş

Publication Date December 30, 2016
Submission Date November 2, 2016
Acceptance Date November 16, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 10 Issue: 10

Cite

ISNAD Koltaş, Nurullah. “Nazari Bilgide Geçişlerin Mümkünlüğü- Muhammed B. Abdulcebbâr En-Nifferî’nin Rüya Ve Gayb Hakkındaki Görüşleri”. Bozok Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 10/10 (December 2016), 165-183.

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