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F.C.S. Schiller’in Pragmatik Hümanizmi ve Hume’un Nedensellik Anlayışı Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2019, Volume: 16 Issue: 16, 49 - 60, 31.12.2019

Abstract

Pragmatik
Hümanizmin mutlakçı yapılara karşı olma hususunda Hume’cu düşünce ile yakın
ilişki içerisinde olduğu iddia edilebilir. Pragmatizmin empirist bir yapıya
sahip olması bu ilişkinin sağlamlığını tesis etmek açısından önemlidir. Ancak
Hume’cu düşüncenin septik ve entelektüalist eğilimlerinden dolayı pragmatik
hümanizmden esaslı bir şekilde ayrıldığı da unutulmamalıdır. Buna ilaveten
pragmatik hümanizmin Hume’un nedensellik ve hareket hakkındaki eleştirilerinden
kurtulma çabası içerisinde olduğu da görülmektedir. Zira pragmatik hümanizmin
savunucularından F.C.S. Schiller’in söz konusu düşünceyi yetersizlik ve
tutarsızlık açısından eleştiriye tabi tuttuğu, Hume’cu felsefeyi olumsuzlayan
rasyonalizmin çıkmazlarının farkına vararak iradenin merkeze alındığı bir
yöntemi hâkim kılmaya çalıştığı ifade edilebilir.



Pragmatik
hümanizm, rasyonalizmin tutarsızlığını ileri sürerek kendi psikolojisini ortaya
koyan Hume’un da gerçekliğe dair iddialarında pek çok dikotomiye sahip olduğunu
iddia eder. Eğer test edilebilir, değişebilir ve rölatif bir gerçekliğe ulaşmak
nihai amaç olursa, iradeci bir yapının benimsenmesi kaçınılmaz gözükür. Böyle
bir yapının oluşması için de insanın merkezde olduğu bir yöntemin inşa edilmesi
gerekir.

References

  • Hanking, James. “Religion and Modernity of Renaissance Humanism”. Interpretations of Renaissance Humanism. ed. A. Mazzocco. Boston: Brill Publis., 2006.Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. ed. Peter Millican. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. Hume, David. A Treatise of Human Nature: Being An Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects. Batoche Books, 1999.Schiller, F.C.S. Humanism: Philosophical Essays. London and New York: Macmillan, 1912.Schiller, F.C.S. “Pragmatism versus Skepticism”. Journal of Philosophy and Scientific Methods 4/18 (1907): 482-487. Schiller, F.C.S. “The Place of Metaphysics”. The Journal of Philosophy and Scientific Methods 17/17 (1920): 455-462.Schiller, F.C.S. Riddles of The Sphinx. London: Swan, Sonnenschein, and Co., 1891.Wiley, James. Theory and Practice in the Philosophy of David Hume. UK: Palgrave Macmillan Pub., 2012. Winetrout, Kenneth. F.C.S. Schiller and the Dimensions of Pragmatism. Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1967.

The Relationship Between F.C.S. Schiller’s Pragmatic Humanism and the Causality Concept of Hume

Year 2019, Volume: 16 Issue: 16, 49 - 60, 31.12.2019

Abstract

It
can be claimed that humanism is in close relation with the philosophy of Hume
to oppose absolutist structures. The fact that pragmatism has an empiric
structure is important in order to establish the soundness of this
relationship. However, it should be kept in mind that the philosophy of Hume is
fundamentally separated from humanism because of it's septic and intellectualist
tendencies. In addition, it is seen that humanism is trying to get rid of
Hume's criticism of causality and activity. Because F.C.S. Schiller, one of the
proponents of pragmatic humanism, can be said to criticize the philosophy of
Hume in terms of inadequacy and inconsistency. It can be stated that he tried
to dominate a method where the will is taken from the center.



Pragmatic
humanism claims that Hume, who put forward his own psychology by asserting the
inconsistency of rationalism has many dichotomies in his claims about reality.
If it is the ultimate goal to reach a testable, changeable, relative reality,
the adoption of a voluntary structure seems inevitable. In order for such a
structure to occur, a method where the human being is in the center should be
built. 

References

  • Hanking, James. “Religion and Modernity of Renaissance Humanism”. Interpretations of Renaissance Humanism. ed. A. Mazzocco. Boston: Brill Publis., 2006.Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. ed. Peter Millican. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. Hume, David. A Treatise of Human Nature: Being An Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects. Batoche Books, 1999.Schiller, F.C.S. Humanism: Philosophical Essays. London and New York: Macmillan, 1912.Schiller, F.C.S. “Pragmatism versus Skepticism”. Journal of Philosophy and Scientific Methods 4/18 (1907): 482-487. Schiller, F.C.S. “The Place of Metaphysics”. The Journal of Philosophy and Scientific Methods 17/17 (1920): 455-462.Schiller, F.C.S. Riddles of The Sphinx. London: Swan, Sonnenschein, and Co., 1891.Wiley, James. Theory and Practice in the Philosophy of David Hume. UK: Palgrave Macmillan Pub., 2012. Winetrout, Kenneth. F.C.S. Schiller and the Dimensions of Pragmatism. Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1967.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nihat Durmaz 0000-0002-9633-2282

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Submission Date June 12, 2019
Acceptance Date October 17, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 16 Issue: 16

Cite

ISNAD Durmaz, Nihat. “The Relationship Between F.C.S. Schiller’s Pragmatic Humanism and the Causality Concept of Hume”. Bozok Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 16/16 (December 2019), 49-60.

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