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Bir Önceki Savaş İçin Hazırlanmak: Değişen Küreselgüvenlik Ortamının Geleneksel Savaş Olgusuna Etkisi

Year 2011, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 127 - 178, 01.12.2011

Abstract

The nature of warfare, its causes and results have always been one of the main interest areas of the international relations. This study argues that in the post-September 11 era a fundamental shift in the doctrine, organization, training and way of fighting of modern armies has taken place due to the change in the nature of warfare. It emphasizes that modern militaries of the world have, dramatically, been reviewing their traditional approaches to the definition and conduct of warfare to meet effectively the asymmetric and unconventional threats that have loomed in the contemporary security environment. The general aim of this study, which refers to this new way warfare as “fourth generation warfare”, is to lay out the problems of modern militaries as parallel to the changing threat perceptions as well as attempting to indicate the necessary structural reforms they should fulfill. 

References

  • Adams, Gordon, Matthew Leatherman. “A Leaner and Meaner Defense.” Foreign Affairs (Janurary-Februrary 2011).
  • Adamsky, Dima. The Culture of Military Innovation: The Impacts of Cultural Factors on the Revolution in Military Affairs in Russia, the US and Israel. San Fransisco: Stanford University Press, 2010.
  • Aldis, Anne C. Russian Military Reform. London: Frank Cass Publishers, 2003.
  • Arquilla, J. D. Rondfelt. Swarming and the Future of Conflict. Santa Monica: Rand Cooperation, 2000.
  • Arquilla, John D Rondfelt. Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy. Santa Monica: RAND Publication, 2001.
  • Axe, David. “Defining Victory to Win A War,” Foreign Policy, 6 Ekim 2009.
  • Barker, Peter, Elisabeth Bumiller. “Obama considers a strategy shift in Afghan War.” New York Times, 22 Eylül 2010.
  • Barnes, Julian E. “Cyber Combat:Act of War.” Wall Street Journal, 31 Mayıs 2011.
  • Barnett, Thomas. Pentagon’s New Map: The Military in the 21st Century. New York: Berkley Books, 2004.
  • Betts, Richard K. Conflict After the Cold War. New York: Pearson, 2008.
  • Brian The Echo of Battle. London: Harvard Press, 2007.
  • Bocksette, Carsten. Jihadist Terrorist Use of Strategic Communication Management Techniques. George C. Marshall Center for European Security Studies, December 2008.
  • Borg, Lindsey J. Communicating with Intent. Incidental Paper. Harvard University, 2008.
  • Clausewitz, Carl Von. On War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976.
  • Chivers, C.J. “Georgia Eager to Rebuild Its Defeated Armed Forces.” New York Times, 2 Eylül 2008.
  • Chubin, Shahram. “Extended Deterrence and Iran.” Strategic Insights 8 (2009): 27-36.
  • Cordesman, Anthony. Iran’s Support of the Hezbollah in Lebanon. Center for Strategic and International Studies, July 15, 2006.
  • Crane, Keith, Rollie Cal, Jeffrey Martini, Iran’s Political, Demographic and Economic Vulnerabilities. Santa Monica: RAND, 2008.
  • Doyle, Michael W. Ways of War and Peace. New York: Norton Company, 1997.
  • Finch, Raymond C. Why The Russian Military Failed In Cechnya. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Foreign Military Studies Office,
  • Getleman, Jeefrey. “U.S. Relies on Contractors in Somalia Conflict.” New York Times, 10 Ağustos 2011.
  • Gates, Robert. “A Balanced Strategy: Reprogramming the Pentagon for a New Age.” Foreign Affairs (Ocak 2009).
  • Gaula, David. Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice. Westport: Preager Security International, 1967.
  • Hammes, Thomas X. The Sling and the Stone : On War in the 21st Century. St. Paul: MN Zenith Press, 2004.
  • Hampsey, Russel. “Rediscovering the Art of Psychological Operations.” Small Wars Journal, 4 Temmuz 2010.
  • Hanle, D.J. “On Terrorism: An Analysis of Terrorism as a Form of Warfare.” Master Thesis. Naval Postgraduate School, 1987.
  • Jones, Jeffrey. “Startegic Communication: A Mandate for the United States.” Joint Force Quarterly 4 (2009): 104-114.
  • Kazemzadeh, Masoud. “Ahmedınejad’s Foreign Policy.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Vol 27 No 2 (2007).
  • Keegan, John. The Face of Battle. New York: Viking Press, 1976.
  • Laqueur, Wale. No End to War: Terrorism in the 21st Century. New York: 2003.
  • Lind, W.S ve diğerleri. “The Changing Face of War: Into the Fourth Generation.” Marine Corps Gazette, Ekim 1989.
  • Liang, Qiao ve Wang XİANGSUİ. Unrestricted Warfare. Çeviren FBIS. PLA Publishing House, 1999.
  • Lobben, Richard A. Sudan: Global Security Watch. Santa Barbara: CA Preager, 2010.
  • Lynn, William J. “Defending A New Domain:The Pentagon’s Cyberstrategy.” Foreign Affairs (Eylül/Ekim 2010).
  • Mansoor, Peter R. “The Softer Side of War.” Foreign Affairs (Janurary- February 2011).
  • McFaul, Michael, Abbas Milani, Larry Diamond, “A Win-Win US Strategy for Dealing With Iran.” The Washington Quarterly Vol 30 No 1.
  • Matsumara, J S Randall, T Herbert, R Glenn. Exploring Advanced Technologies for Future War System and Programs. Santa Monica: RAND Publication, 2001.
  • Miller, Steven. Russian Military. London: MIT Press, 2004.
  • Moses, Asher. “Georgian Websites Forced Offline in Cyber War.” Sydney Morning Herald, 12 Ağustos 2008.
  • Nagl, John A. Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife: Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.
  • Peters, Ralph. “Afghan Agony: More Troops won’t help.” New York Post, 14 Eylül 2008.
  • Rekasisus, Mindaguas.“Unconventional Deterrence Strategy.” Naval Postgraduate School Thesis, 2005.
  • Ropp, Theodore. War in the Modern World. John Hopkins University Press, 2000.
  • Toffler, Alvin. War and Anti-war: Survival at the dawn of the 21st Century. Boston: Little Brown Company, 1993.
  • Traynor, Ian. “Russia Accused of Unleashing Cyberwar to Disable Estonia.” The Guardian, 17 Mayıs 2007.
  • Turcan, Metin. “Seeing the Other Side of the COIN: A Critique of the Current Counterinsurgency (COIN) Strategies in Afghanistan.” Small Wars Journal Vol 7 No 3.
  • Turcan, Metin Nihat Özpınar. “Who let the dogs out?: A critique of the security for hire option in weak States.” Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict Vol 2:143 – 171.
  • Van Creveld, Martin. The Rise and Decline of the State, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  • Waltz, Kenneth. Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis. New York: Colombia University Press, 1954.
  • Weir, Fred. “Roots of Georgia-Russia Clash Run Deep.” Christian Science Monitor, 12 Ağustos 2008.
  • Wood, Sara. “Petraeus: Interrogations Reveal Iranian Influence in Iraq.” American Forces Press Service. Pentagon News Conference. Washington, D.C.: April 26, 2007.
  • Zenko, Micah. “The Future of War.” Foreign Policy (March-April 2011). Talimnameler
  • FM 3-05 Army Special Forces Manual. ABD Ordusu Talimnamesi. 2006.
  • FM 3-24 US Marine COIN Manual. 2008.
  • FM31-21 Guerilla Warfare. ABD Ordusu Talimnamesi. 1958.
  • ABD Hükümeti Ayaklanmaya Karşı Koyma Rehberi. U.S. Government Interagency Counterinsurgency Initiative, Ocak 2009.
  • Erişim tarihi 12 Kasım 2010. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/119629.pdf ().
  • JP 3-57. ABD Ordusu Sivil-Asker İşbirliği Müşterek Talimnamesi. Washington, DC: CJCS, July 08, 2008.
  • KKT 100-5. Harekat Talimnamesi. 1998.

BİR ÖNCEKİ SAVAŞ İÇİN HAZIRLANMAK: DEĞİŞEN KÜRESEL GÜVENLİK ORTAMININ GELENEKSEL SAVAŞ OLGUSUNA ETKİSİ

Year 2011, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 127 - 178, 01.12.2011

Abstract

Savaşların nedenleri, sonuçları, özellikle savaşın doğası her zaman uluslararası ilişkilerin temel ilgi alanlarından biri olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın temel savı; özellikle 11 Eylül saldırıları sonrasında hızlı bir değişime sahne olan modern küresel güvenlik ortamında savaşın tanımı, doğası, orduların silahlanması, teşkilatlanması ve eğitiminde köklü değişiklikleri gerektiren yeni bir sürece girildiğidir. Çalışma; giderek karmaşıklaşan ve geleneksel tanımları dışına taşan yeni küresel güvenlik ortamında beliren çoğu “asimetrik” ve “konvansiyonel olmayan” tehdide karşı, modern dünya ordularının geleneksel savaş tanımını ve savaşın doğası konusundaki geleneksel yaklaşımları sorgulamakta olduklarını vurgulamaktadır. Bu yeni savaş şeklini “dördüncü nesil savaş” olarak tanımlayan bu çalışmanın temel amacı değişen tehdit algılamalarına paralel olarak modern dünya ordularının karşılaştıkları sorunları ortaya koymak ve yapılması gereken yapısal reformların ana çerçevesini çizmektir.

References

  • Adams, Gordon, Matthew Leatherman. “A Leaner and Meaner Defense.” Foreign Affairs (Janurary-Februrary 2011).
  • Adamsky, Dima. The Culture of Military Innovation: The Impacts of Cultural Factors on the Revolution in Military Affairs in Russia, the US and Israel. San Fransisco: Stanford University Press, 2010.
  • Aldis, Anne C. Russian Military Reform. London: Frank Cass Publishers, 2003.
  • Arquilla, J. D. Rondfelt. Swarming and the Future of Conflict. Santa Monica: Rand Cooperation, 2000.
  • Arquilla, John D Rondfelt. Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy. Santa Monica: RAND Publication, 2001.
  • Axe, David. “Defining Victory to Win A War,” Foreign Policy, 6 Ekim 2009.
  • Barker, Peter, Elisabeth Bumiller. “Obama considers a strategy shift in Afghan War.” New York Times, 22 Eylül 2010.
  • Barnes, Julian E. “Cyber Combat:Act of War.” Wall Street Journal, 31 Mayıs 2011.
  • Barnett, Thomas. Pentagon’s New Map: The Military in the 21st Century. New York: Berkley Books, 2004.
  • Betts, Richard K. Conflict After the Cold War. New York: Pearson, 2008.
  • Brian The Echo of Battle. London: Harvard Press, 2007.
  • Bocksette, Carsten. Jihadist Terrorist Use of Strategic Communication Management Techniques. George C. Marshall Center for European Security Studies, December 2008.
  • Borg, Lindsey J. Communicating with Intent. Incidental Paper. Harvard University, 2008.
  • Clausewitz, Carl Von. On War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976.
  • Chivers, C.J. “Georgia Eager to Rebuild Its Defeated Armed Forces.” New York Times, 2 Eylül 2008.
  • Chubin, Shahram. “Extended Deterrence and Iran.” Strategic Insights 8 (2009): 27-36.
  • Cordesman, Anthony. Iran’s Support of the Hezbollah in Lebanon. Center for Strategic and International Studies, July 15, 2006.
  • Crane, Keith, Rollie Cal, Jeffrey Martini, Iran’s Political, Demographic and Economic Vulnerabilities. Santa Monica: RAND, 2008.
  • Doyle, Michael W. Ways of War and Peace. New York: Norton Company, 1997.
  • Finch, Raymond C. Why The Russian Military Failed In Cechnya. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Foreign Military Studies Office,
  • Getleman, Jeefrey. “U.S. Relies on Contractors in Somalia Conflict.” New York Times, 10 Ağustos 2011.
  • Gates, Robert. “A Balanced Strategy: Reprogramming the Pentagon for a New Age.” Foreign Affairs (Ocak 2009).
  • Gaula, David. Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice. Westport: Preager Security International, 1967.
  • Hammes, Thomas X. The Sling and the Stone : On War in the 21st Century. St. Paul: MN Zenith Press, 2004.
  • Hampsey, Russel. “Rediscovering the Art of Psychological Operations.” Small Wars Journal, 4 Temmuz 2010.
  • Hanle, D.J. “On Terrorism: An Analysis of Terrorism as a Form of Warfare.” Master Thesis. Naval Postgraduate School, 1987.
  • Jones, Jeffrey. “Startegic Communication: A Mandate for the United States.” Joint Force Quarterly 4 (2009): 104-114.
  • Kazemzadeh, Masoud. “Ahmedınejad’s Foreign Policy.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Vol 27 No 2 (2007).
  • Keegan, John. The Face of Battle. New York: Viking Press, 1976.
  • Laqueur, Wale. No End to War: Terrorism in the 21st Century. New York: 2003.
  • Lind, W.S ve diğerleri. “The Changing Face of War: Into the Fourth Generation.” Marine Corps Gazette, Ekim 1989.
  • Liang, Qiao ve Wang XİANGSUİ. Unrestricted Warfare. Çeviren FBIS. PLA Publishing House, 1999.
  • Lobben, Richard A. Sudan: Global Security Watch. Santa Barbara: CA Preager, 2010.
  • Lynn, William J. “Defending A New Domain:The Pentagon’s Cyberstrategy.” Foreign Affairs (Eylül/Ekim 2010).
  • Mansoor, Peter R. “The Softer Side of War.” Foreign Affairs (Janurary- February 2011).
  • McFaul, Michael, Abbas Milani, Larry Diamond, “A Win-Win US Strategy for Dealing With Iran.” The Washington Quarterly Vol 30 No 1.
  • Matsumara, J S Randall, T Herbert, R Glenn. Exploring Advanced Technologies for Future War System and Programs. Santa Monica: RAND Publication, 2001.
  • Miller, Steven. Russian Military. London: MIT Press, 2004.
  • Moses, Asher. “Georgian Websites Forced Offline in Cyber War.” Sydney Morning Herald, 12 Ağustos 2008.
  • Nagl, John A. Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife: Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.
  • Peters, Ralph. “Afghan Agony: More Troops won’t help.” New York Post, 14 Eylül 2008.
  • Rekasisus, Mindaguas.“Unconventional Deterrence Strategy.” Naval Postgraduate School Thesis, 2005.
  • Ropp, Theodore. War in the Modern World. John Hopkins University Press, 2000.
  • Toffler, Alvin. War and Anti-war: Survival at the dawn of the 21st Century. Boston: Little Brown Company, 1993.
  • Traynor, Ian. “Russia Accused of Unleashing Cyberwar to Disable Estonia.” The Guardian, 17 Mayıs 2007.
  • Turcan, Metin. “Seeing the Other Side of the COIN: A Critique of the Current Counterinsurgency (COIN) Strategies in Afghanistan.” Small Wars Journal Vol 7 No 3.
  • Turcan, Metin Nihat Özpınar. “Who let the dogs out?: A critique of the security for hire option in weak States.” Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict Vol 2:143 – 171.
  • Van Creveld, Martin. The Rise and Decline of the State, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  • Waltz, Kenneth. Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis. New York: Colombia University Press, 1954.
  • Weir, Fred. “Roots of Georgia-Russia Clash Run Deep.” Christian Science Monitor, 12 Ağustos 2008.
  • Wood, Sara. “Petraeus: Interrogations Reveal Iranian Influence in Iraq.” American Forces Press Service. Pentagon News Conference. Washington, D.C.: April 26, 2007.
  • Zenko, Micah. “The Future of War.” Foreign Policy (March-April 2011). Talimnameler
  • FM 3-05 Army Special Forces Manual. ABD Ordusu Talimnamesi. 2006.
  • FM 3-24 US Marine COIN Manual. 2008.
  • FM31-21 Guerilla Warfare. ABD Ordusu Talimnamesi. 1958.
  • ABD Hükümeti Ayaklanmaya Karşı Koyma Rehberi. U.S. Government Interagency Counterinsurgency Initiative, Ocak 2009.
  • Erişim tarihi 12 Kasım 2010. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/119629.pdf ().
  • JP 3-57. ABD Ordusu Sivil-Asker İşbirliği Müşterek Talimnamesi. Washington, DC: CJCS, July 08, 2008.
  • KKT 100-5. Harekat Talimnamesi. 1998.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Metin Gürcan This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2011
Submission Date November 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 3 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Gürcan, M. (2011). BİR ÖNCEKİ SAVAŞ İÇİN HAZIRLANMAK: DEĞİŞEN KÜRESEL GÜVENLİK ORTAMININ GELENEKSEL SAVAŞ OLGUSUNA ETKİSİ. Bilge Strateji, 3(5), 127-178.