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The USA-Turkey Relationship After the 2003 Iraq Crisis

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 137 - 168, 01.06.2010

Abstract

Turkey and the USA have been strategic allies since declaration of Truman Doctrine in 1947. This strategic partnership got worse due to the USA‘s politics towards Middle East after 9-11 tragedy and Turkey’s new changing domestic political situation through AKP in 2002. Specifically, 2003 Iraq crisis was milestone to decline the relationship between Turkey and the USA. In spite of deterioration of relationship, Turkey and the USA had to overcome this problem due to security, foreign, and economic concerns of both countries, and the process have advanced as expected. In this article, the US-Turkey relationship will be examined in the contexts of recent Iraq crisis, Turkey’s new approach to foreign policy, NATO, war on terrorism, European Union, and economic concerns in order to comprehend the new era of Turkey-US strategic partnership. 

References

  • “Turkey Brief: Turkish-US Relations.” TAIK. March 2008. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.turkey-now.org/db/Docs/Turkey_Brief_2008.pdf.
  • “Turkey-USA Relations Survey Results 12 March 2005.” ISRO. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.turkishweekly.net/us-tr_eng.pdf.
  • Aras, Bulent. The New Geopolitics of Eurasia and Turkey's Position. London: Portland OR. F. Cass, 2002.
  • Bostanoglu, Burcu. Türkiye-ABD İlişkilerinin Politikası: Kuram ve Siyasa. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi, 1999.
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  • Çakar, Nezihi. “A Strategic Overview of Turkey,” Perceptions Vol 3 No 2 (June-August 1998). Accessed 02 October 2008. http://www.sam.gov.tr/volume3b.php.
  • Dağı, Zeynep, Doğu’dan Batı’ya Dış Politika: Ak Partili Yıllar. Ankara: Orion Yayınevi, 2006.
  • Erimhan, Ahmet. Tezkereler Sürecinden "Süleymaniye Baskınına": Çuvaldaki Müttefik. İstanbul: Otopsi Yayınları, 2004.
  • Flanagan, Stephen J. and Samuel Brannen. Turkey's Shifting Dynamics: Implications for U.S.-Turkey Relations. Washington, DC: The CSIS Press, 2008.
  • Gordon, Leland J. American Relations with Turkey 1830-1930. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1932.
  • Gordon, Philip H. and Omer Taspinar. Winning Turkey: How America, Europe, and Turkey Can Revive a Fading Partnership. Washington D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2008.
  • Harris, George S. Troubled Alliance. Washington DC: American Enterprise Institute, 1972.
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  • Kirişçi, Kemal. “Turkey’s Foreign Policy in Turbulent Times.” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.ciaonet.org/journals/iisfpa/v3i1/0000760.pdf.
  • Kramer, Heinz. A changing Turkey: The Challenge to Europe and the United States. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2000.
  • Lake, Michael. “Tilting from US to EU.” in The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Editor Frances G. Burwell. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008.
  • Larrabee, F. Stephen. Turkey as a U.S. Security Partner. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 2008.
  • Makovsky, Alan. “Turkey’s New Foreign Policy Activism.” (Security and Cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean: International Conference, June 9-19, 1999, Ari movement: Istanbul, 1999).
  • McGhee, George Crews. The US-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine and Turkey's NATO Entry Contained the Soviets. Macmillan, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: 1990.
  • Menon, Rajan, and S. Enders Wimbush. “Is The United States Losing Turkey?” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.hudson.org/files/pdf_upload/Turkey%20PDF.pdf.
  • Menon, Rajan, and S. Enders Wimbush. “The US and Turkey: End of an Alliance?” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.newamerica.net/files/Menon%20and%20Wimbush-- US%20Turkey%20Alliance%20Survival%202007.pdf.
  • Migdalovitz, Carol. Turkey: Issues for U.S. Policy. Report for Congress, May22, 2002. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.fas.org/man/crs/RL31429.pdf.
  • Migdalovitz, Carol. Turkey: Selected Foreign Policy Issues and U.S. Views. CRS Report for Congress, August 29, 2008. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL34642.pdf.
  • Önis, Ziya, and Suhnaz Yılmaz. “Turkey-EU-US Triangle in Perspective: Transformation or Continuity?” Accessed 02 October 2008. home.ku.edu.tr/~zonis/ONIS-YILMAZ-TURKEY-EU- US%20TRIANGLE-REV%20DEC%202004.pdf.
  • Rothstein, Robert L. Alliances and Small Powers, New York: Colombia University Press, 1998.
  • Sayari, Sabri. “The United States and Turkey’s Membership in the European Union.” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.politics.ankara.edu.tr/dosyalar/MMTY/34/7_sabri_sayari.pdf.
  • The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Editor Frances G. Burwell. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008.
  • The United States and Turkey: Allies in Need. Editor Morton Abramowitz. New York: Century Foundation Press, 2003.
  • United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe. U.S.-Turkish Relations and the Challenges Ahead: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, March 15, 2007).
  • United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Europe. Turkey's Future Direction and U.S.-Turkey Relations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe of the Committee on International Relations, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, October 1, 2003).
  • United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats. The state of U.S.-Turkey Relations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats of the Committee on International Relations, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, May 11, 2005).
  • Uslu, Nasuh. The Turkish-American Relationship between 1947 and 2003: the History of a Distinctive Alliance. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2003.
  • Yetkin, Murat. Tezkere: Irak Krizinin Gerçek Öyküsü. Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 2004.

2003 Irak Krizi Sonrasında ABD-Türkiye İlişkileri

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 137 - 168, 01.06.2010

Abstract

Türkiye ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri 1947’de ilan edilen Truman Doktrini’nden bu yana stratejik ortaklardır. Bu stratejik ortaklık, 11 Eylül sonrası Amerika’nın Orta Doğu politikaları ve Türkiye’nin 2002’de AKP ile değişen yeni siyasi atmosferi neticesinde zarar görmüştür. Özellikle, 2003 Irak Krizi ikili ilişkilerin zayıflamasında bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. İlişkilerdeki bu bozulmaya rağmen, iki ülkenin güvenlik, dış politika ve ekonomik endişelerinden dolayı, Türkiye ve ABD bu problemi halletmek zorundaydılar; ikili ilişkilerdeki süreç de beklendiği gibi iyileşme yönünde ilerledi. Bu makalede, ikili ilişkilerdeki yeni dönemi anlayabilmek için, Türk-Amerikan ilişkileri, 2003 Irak krizi, Türkiye’nin yeni dış politika yaklaşımı, NATO, terörizmle mücadele, Avrupa Birliği ve ekonomik ilgiler perspektiflerinde incelenecektir.

References

  • “Turkey Brief: Turkish-US Relations.” TAIK. March 2008. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.turkey-now.org/db/Docs/Turkey_Brief_2008.pdf.
  • “Turkey-USA Relations Survey Results 12 March 2005.” ISRO. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.turkishweekly.net/us-tr_eng.pdf.
  • Aras, Bulent. The New Geopolitics of Eurasia and Turkey's Position. London: Portland OR. F. Cass, 2002.
  • Bostanoglu, Burcu. Türkiye-ABD İlişkilerinin Politikası: Kuram ve Siyasa. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi, 1999.
  • Cook, Steven A. Generating Momentum for a New Era in U.S.-Turkey Relations. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2006.
  • Çakar, Nezihi. “A Strategic Overview of Turkey,” Perceptions Vol 3 No 2 (June-August 1998). Accessed 02 October 2008. http://www.sam.gov.tr/volume3b.php.
  • Dağı, Zeynep, Doğu’dan Batı’ya Dış Politika: Ak Partili Yıllar. Ankara: Orion Yayınevi, 2006.
  • Erimhan, Ahmet. Tezkereler Sürecinden "Süleymaniye Baskınına": Çuvaldaki Müttefik. İstanbul: Otopsi Yayınları, 2004.
  • Flanagan, Stephen J. and Samuel Brannen. Turkey's Shifting Dynamics: Implications for U.S.-Turkey Relations. Washington, DC: The CSIS Press, 2008.
  • Gordon, Leland J. American Relations with Turkey 1830-1930. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1932.
  • Gordon, Philip H. and Omer Taspinar. Winning Turkey: How America, Europe, and Turkey Can Revive a Fading Partnership. Washington D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2008.
  • Harris, George S. Troubled Alliance. Washington DC: American Enterprise Institute, 1972.
  • Khalilzad, Zalmay, Ian Lesser, and F. Stephen Larrabee. The future of Turkish-Western Relations: Toward a Strategic Plan. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 2000.
  • Kirişçi, Kemal. “Turkey’s Foreign Policy in Turbulent Times.” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.ciaonet.org/journals/iisfpa/v3i1/0000760.pdf.
  • Kramer, Heinz. A changing Turkey: The Challenge to Europe and the United States. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2000.
  • Lake, Michael. “Tilting from US to EU.” in The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Editor Frances G. Burwell. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008.
  • Larrabee, F. Stephen. Turkey as a U.S. Security Partner. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 2008.
  • Makovsky, Alan. “Turkey’s New Foreign Policy Activism.” (Security and Cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean: International Conference, June 9-19, 1999, Ari movement: Istanbul, 1999).
  • McGhee, George Crews. The US-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine and Turkey's NATO Entry Contained the Soviets. Macmillan, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: 1990.
  • Menon, Rajan, and S. Enders Wimbush. “Is The United States Losing Turkey?” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.hudson.org/files/pdf_upload/Turkey%20PDF.pdf.
  • Menon, Rajan, and S. Enders Wimbush. “The US and Turkey: End of an Alliance?” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.newamerica.net/files/Menon%20and%20Wimbush-- US%20Turkey%20Alliance%20Survival%202007.pdf.
  • Migdalovitz, Carol. Turkey: Issues for U.S. Policy. Report for Congress, May22, 2002. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.fas.org/man/crs/RL31429.pdf.
  • Migdalovitz, Carol. Turkey: Selected Foreign Policy Issues and U.S. Views. CRS Report for Congress, August 29, 2008. Accessed 02 October 2008. www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL34642.pdf.
  • Önis, Ziya, and Suhnaz Yılmaz. “Turkey-EU-US Triangle in Perspective: Transformation or Continuity?” Accessed 02 October 2008. home.ku.edu.tr/~zonis/ONIS-YILMAZ-TURKEY-EU- US%20TRIANGLE-REV%20DEC%202004.pdf.
  • Rothstein, Robert L. Alliances and Small Powers, New York: Colombia University Press, 1998.
  • Sayari, Sabri. “The United States and Turkey’s Membership in the European Union.” Accessed 02 October 2008. www.politics.ankara.edu.tr/dosyalar/MMTY/34/7_sabri_sayari.pdf.
  • The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Editor Frances G. Burwell. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008.
  • The United States and Turkey: Allies in Need. Editor Morton Abramowitz. New York: Century Foundation Press, 2003.
  • United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe. U.S.-Turkish Relations and the Challenges Ahead: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, March 15, 2007).
  • United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Europe. Turkey's Future Direction and U.S.-Turkey Relations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe of the Committee on International Relations, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, October 1, 2003).
  • United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats. The state of U.S.-Turkey Relations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats of the Committee on International Relations, (House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, May 11, 2005).
  • Uslu, Nasuh. The Turkish-American Relationship between 1947 and 2003: the History of a Distinctive Alliance. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2003.
  • Yetkin, Murat. Tezkere: Irak Krizinin Gerçek Öyküsü. Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 2004.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Gün This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2010
Submission Date November 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gün, M. (2010). 2003 Irak Krizi Sonrasında ABD-Türkiye İlişkileri. Bilge Strateji, 2(2), 137-168.