Determination of Yield and Some Quality Traits of Chicory Mixtures with Some Forage Crops

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 103 - 109, 01.04.2020

Mehmet Can , İlknur Ayan

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hindiba (Cichorium intybus L.)'nın bazı yem bitkileriyle karışımlarının verim ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama alanında 2017 ve 2018 yılında Tesadüf Blokları Deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Materyal olarak hindiba ile yonca, ak üçgül, çayır üçgülü, gazal boynuzu, çok yıllık çim ve domuz ayrığının yalın, ikili ve üçlü karışımları kullanılmıştır. Hasat işlemi hindibanın tomurcuklanma dönemde yapılmıştır. 2017 yılında en yüksek toplam kuru ot verimi çayır üçgülü+domuz ayrığı+hindiba karışımında 2562,8 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. 2018 yılında ise çayır üçgülü+çok yıllık çim+hindiba karışımında 1668,6 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortalama ham protein ADF, NDF oranı ile NYD değeri 2017 yılında % 18,6 - % 27,8 - % 39,5 - 160,1, 2018 yılında ise % 21,6 - % 21,5 - % 35,6 - 189,4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler ışığında benzer ekolojiler için çayır üçgülü+domuz ayrığı+hindiba ve çayır üçgülü+çok yıllık çim+hindiba karışımları önerilebilir.

Keywords

Hindiba, Tomurcuklanma, Karışım, Kuru ot verimi, Ham protein

Thanks

Bu çalışma Mehmet CAN’ın 2019 yılında tamamlanan doktora tezinden üretilmiştir.

Determination of Yield and Some Quality Traits of Chicory Mixtures with Some Forage Crops

Abstract

This research was conducted to determining yield and agronomical characteristics on some cultivars of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) during growing seasons of 2017- 2018 in Ondokuz May University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department experimental area. This research conducted with randomized block design with three replications. Forage mixtures comprised combinations of alfalfa, white clover, red clover, birdsfood trefoil, perennial ryegrass and orchard grass along with chicory as pure stand, simple mixtures (2 species) and multi mixtures (3 species). All plots were cutting by a hand forage clipper in bud stage in the establishment year of 2017 and 2018. The highest hay yield of the mixture was determined on red clover+orchard grass+chicory with 2562.8 kg/da and red clover+perennial ryegrass+chicory with 1668.6 kg/da in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The average crude protein, ADF, NDF ratio and RFV value of the pastures in 2017 were determined 18.6%, 27.8%, 39.5% and 160.1, respectively. In 2018, the average crude protein, ADF, NDF ratio and RFV value of the pastures were determined 21.6%, 21.5%, 35.6% and 189.4, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that the mixture of red clover+orchard grass+chicory and red clover+ perennial ryegrass+chicory are suggested in similar ecological conditions.

Keywords

Chicory, Bud stage, Mixture, Hay yield, Crude protein

References

• AFGC. 2015. Relative Feed Value. American Forage and Grassland Council.
• Altın M, Gökkuş A, Koç A. 2005. Çayır Mera Islahı, Tarım ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Tarımsal Üretim ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
• Athanasiadou S, Githiori J, Kyriazakis I. 2007. Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction. Animal, 1:1392-1400.
• Ayan İ, Öztürk E, Kaymak G, Acar Z, Can M, Mut H. 2019. Suitability of Chicory for Forage Production. International Erciyes Agriculture, Animal & Food Sciences Conference 24-27 April, Erciyes University, Kayseri/Turkiye (pp. 235-238).
• Barry. 1998. The feeding value of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) for ruminant livestock. The Journal of Agricultural Science 131,251-257.
• Can M, Ayan İ. 2017. Domuz ayrığı (Dactylis glomerata L.) popülasyonlarında gelişme dönemlerine göre verim ve bazı özelliklerin değişimi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(2), 160-166.
• Cave LM., Kenyon PR, Morris ST, Lopez-Villalobos N, Kemp PD. 2015. Ewe lamb diet selection on plantain (Plantago lanceolata) and on a herb and legume mix, including plantain, chicory (Cichorium intybus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and White clover (Trifolium repens). Anim. Prod. Sci. 55, 515-525. doi: 10.1071/AN13379
• Ditsch CD, Sears B. 2007. Chicory: An alternative livestock forage. (Lexington: University of Kentucky – College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service: UoK Cooperative Extension Service).
• Güney M, Bingöl NT, Aksu T. 2016. Kaba yem kalitesinin sınıflandırılmasında kullanılan Göreceli Yem Değeri (GYD) ve Göreceli Kaba Yem Kalite İndeksi (GKKİ). Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 11:2, 254-258.
• Gökkuş A. 2014. Kurak Alanlarda Yapay Mera Kurulması ve Yönetimi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(2), 151-158.
• Kemp PD, Matthew C, Lucas RJ. 2002. Pasture species and cultivars. pp. 83-99. In: New Zealand pasture and crop science. Eds. Hodgson, J.; White, J. Oxford University Press, Auckland.
• Kidane A, Sørheim K, Eik LO, Steinshamn H. 2014. Growth and chemical composition of chicory and performance of lambs grazing chicory relative to grass–clover mixtures. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science 64, 233–242.
• Lacefield GD. 1988. Alfalfa hay quality makes the difference. University of Kentucky Department of Agronomy. Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications, 32.
• Li G, Kemp PD, Hodgson J. 1997. Control of reproductive growth of Puna chicory by grazing management. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 56: 213-217.
• Marley C, Fychan R, Davies J, Scollan N, Richardson R, Theobald V, Genever E, Forbes A, Sanderson R. 2014. Effects of chicory/perennial ryegrass swards compared with perennial ryegrass swards on the performance and carcass quality of grazing beef steers. PLOS ONE 9, e86259.
• Öztürk D, Bal MA, Erol A, Sahin M, Ozkan CO, Karakas E, Ata M, Karabay P. 2006. Determination of nutritive value of wild chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) forage harvested at different maturity stage using in vitro and in situ measurements. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 9: 253-259.
• Öztürk E, Ayan İ, Acar Z, Can M, Bașaran U. 2018. Determination of suitable mixing ratios of chicory with orchardgrass and red clover. In IX International Scientific Agriculture Symposium" AGROSYM 2018", Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 4-7 October (pp. 512-515).
• Sanderson M. 2010. Nutritive value and herbage accumulation rates of pastures sown to grass, legume and chicory mixtures. Agron. J. 102:728-733.
• Skinner R, Hall M, Sanderson M. 2004. Water stress on Puna chicory and Lancelot Plantain. Morphological and physiological effects. Agricultural Research Service, USDA.
• Soder KJ, Sanderson MA, Stack JL, Muller LD. 2006. Intake and performance of lactating dairy cows grazing diverse forage mixes J. Dairy Sci., 89, pp. 2158-2167.
• Soegaard K, Eriksen J, Askegaard M. 2008. Herbs in grasslands - effect of slurry and grazing/cutting on species composition and nutritive value. Grassland Science in Europe, 13, 200-202.
• Tan M, Temel S. 2012. Alternatif Yem Bitkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Yayın No: 246, Erzurum.
• Tracy, B.F., and Faulkner, D.B. 2006. Pasture and cattle responses in rotationally stocked grazing systems sown with differing levels of species richness. Crop Science, 46(5), 2062-2068.