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Effects of Age, Calving Season and Specific Gravity of First Milking Colostrum on Milk Components and Somatic Cell Count in Early Lactation Anatolian Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Cows

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 463 - 471, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1311020

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the milk components and somatic cell count (SCC) of Anatolian buffalo cows at different stages of lactation (days 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th of lactation) by determining the effects of the age of the cow, calving season and specific gravity of colostrum (SGC) on these milk quality traits. The experiment was conducted using 62 healthy lactating primiparous and multiparous Anatolian buffalo cows at two private farms in Samsun, Türkiye. The SGC values at the second hour (first milking) after birth were measured using a colostrometer, and the milk components were analyzed using a milk analyser. In addition, the SCC in milk was measured with a portable cell counter. The data are divided into three groups: age (≤80 mo and >80 mo), calving season (spring and summer) and SGC (<1.070 g/l and ≥1.070 g/l). The age and calving season of the cows affected some milk components in different lactation periods. The dry matter (DM), solids-non-fat (SNF) and protein percentage of the cows in the group with high SGC (≥1.070 g/l) were higher than those of cows in the group with low SGC (<1.070 g/l) on day 15 of lactation. Similarly, the DM and fat percentage of the milk of the cows in the group with high SGC (≥1.070 g/ml) were higher than those of the milk from the cows in the group with low SGC (<1.070 g/l) on day 45 of lactation. In contrast, on day 60 of lactation, the log SCC value of the milk of cows with high SGC was lower than that of the milk from those with low SGC in other lactation periods. Among the environmental factors in this study, only the SGC can be partially controlled by herd management practices. Management of the dry period, a sensitive period for buffalo cows, has an important effect on increasing colostrum and milk quality at the beginning of lactation.

References

  • Atasever S, Erdem H. 2009. Estimation of milk yield and financial losses related to somatic cell count in Holstein cows raised in Turkey. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(8): 1491-1494.
  • Aurelia P, Cristian C, Camelia R, Vioara M, Gheorghe M. 2009. The study of the main parameters quality of buffalo milk. J Center Eur Agri, 10(3): 201-206.
  • Aytekin I, Boztepe S. 2014. Somatic cell count, importance and effect factors in dairy cattle. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Tech, 2(3): 112-121. DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v2i3.112-121.66.
  • Boro P, Debnath J, Kumar Das, T, Naha BC, Debbarma N, Deabbarma P, Debbarma C, Devi LSB, Devi TG. 2018. Milk composition and factors affecting it in dairy Buffaloes: A review. J Entomol Zool Stud, 6(3): 340-343.
  • Coban O, Sabuncuoglu N, Tuzemen N. 2009. A study on relationships between somatic cell count (SCC) and some udder traits in dairy cows. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(1): 134-138.
  • Collier RJ, Annen-Dawson EL, Pezeshki A. 2012. Effects of continuous lactation and short dry periods on mammary function and animal health. Animal, 6(3): 403-414. DOI: 10.1017/S1751731111002461.
  • Damé MCF, Lima CTS, de Marcondes CR, Ribeiro MER, Garnero ADV. 2010. Preliminary study on buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk production in Southern Brazil. Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, April 10-12, 2010, Buenos Aires, Brasil, pp: 582-584.
  • De K, Mukherjee J, Prasad P, Dang AK. 2010. Effect of different physiological stages and managemental practices on milk somatic cell counts of Murrah buffaloes, Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, April 10-12, 2010, Buenos Aires, Brasil, 549-551.
  • do Nascimento Rangel, AH, de Oliveira JPF, de Medeiros HR, de Araújo VM, Novaes LP, de Lima Júnior DM. 2014. Influence of Murrah buffalo behavior in milking parlors on production characteristics. Arch Vet Sci, 19(3): 53-61.
  • Erdem H, Atasever S, Kul E. 2007. Some environmental factors affecting somatic cell count of Holstein cows. J Appl Anim Res, 32(2): 173-176. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2007.9706871.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC, Abaci SH. 2022a. Milking temperament of Anatolian buffaloes during early lactation. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 253: 105679.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC, Demirci H. 2022b. Components and specific gravity of colostrum from Anatolian buffalo cows and effects on growth of buffalo calves. South African J Anim Sci, 52(3): 316-325.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC. 2019. Influence of hygiene status of cows on somatic cell count and milk components during summer season. Large Anim Rev, 25: 7-10.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC. 2020. Non-genetic factors affecting some colostrum quality traits in Holstein cattle. Pakistan J Zool, 52(2): 557-564.
  • Erez İ, Göncü S. 2012. The effects of early weaning practice at performances of black and white calves. Çukurova Üniv Fen Müh Bil Derg, 28(3): 68-78.
  • Gupta A, Kamboj, ML, Chandra S, Sahu D, Chaudhary M, Sahu MC, Sahu M, Yadav V, Armo S. 2019. A comparative study of immune, growth and health status of primiparous and multiparous Murrah buffaloes calves. J Entomol Zool Stud, 7(1): 1321-1323.
  • Gürler Z, Kuyucuoğlu Y, Pamuk Ş. 2013. Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Anatolian Buffalo Milk. African J Microbiol Res, 7(16): 1512-1517. DOI: 10.5897/AJMR12.1014.
  • Hoyraz M, Sezer R, Demirtaş M, Koç A. 2015. A Research on colostrum quality and constituents of Holstein-Friesian cows. J Tralleis Elektron. 4: 1-7.
  • Kaygısız A, Kose M. 2007. The quality of colostrum and its effects on calves growth characteristics in Holstein cattle. J Agric Sci Ankara Univ, 13: 321-325.
  • Khan ZU, Khan S, Ahmad N, Raziq A. 2007. Investigation of mortality incidence and managemental practices in buffalo calves at commercial dairy farms in Peshawar City. J Agri Biol Sci, 2(3): 16-22.
  • Kul E, Şahin A, Atasever S, Uğurlutepe E, Soydaner M. 2019. The effects of somatic cell count on milk yield and milk composition in Holstein cows. Veterinarski Arhiv, 89(2): 143-154. DOI: 10.24099/vet.arhiv.0168.
  • Misra SS, Sharma A, Bhattacharya TK, Kumar P, Saha RS. 2008. Association of breed and polymorphism of α-s1and α-s2casein genes with milk quality and daily milk and constituent yield traits of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 27: 294-301.
  • Muggli J. 1995. Influence of somatic cell counts on stage of lactations. Anim Breed Abst, 1996.
  • Napolitano F, Serrapica F, Braghieri A, Masucci F, Sabia E, De Rosa G. 2019. Human animal interactions in dairy buffalo farms. Animals, 9(5): 246. DOI: 10.3390/ani9050246.
  • Okuyucu İC, Erdem H. 2017. Effects of some milk compounds on growth performance in Holstein calves. Academia J Eng Appl Sci, 1(3): 69-80.
  • Patbandha TK, Ravikala K, Maharana BR, Marandi S, Ahlawat AR, Gajbhiye PU. 2015. Effect of season and stage of lactation on milk components of Jaffrabadi buffaloes. Bioscan, 10(2): 635-638.
  • Pecka-Kiełb E, Zachwieja A, Wojtas E, Zawadzki W. 2018. Influence of nutrition on the quality of colostrum and milk of ruminants. Mljekarstvo: Časopis za Unaprjeđenje Proizvodnje i Prerade Mlijeka, 68(3): 169-181. DOI: 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2018.0302.
  • Puppel K, Gołębiewski M, Grodkowski G, Slósarz J, Kunowska-Slósarz M, Solarczyk P, Łukasiewicz M, Balcerak M, Przysucha T. 2019. Composition and factors affecting quality of bovine colostrum: a review. Animals, 9(12): 1070.
  • Şahin A, Ulutaş Z, Yildirim A, Kul E, Aksoy Y, Ugurlutepe E, Sözen S, Kaplan Y. 2016. The effect of some environmental factors on milk composıtıon of Anatolian buffaloes. Scient Papers Series Dairy Anim Sci, 59: 57-64.
  • Şahin A, Yildirim A, Ulutas Z, Ugurlutepe E. 2017. The effects of stage of lactation, parity and calving season on somatic cell counts in Anatolian Water Buffaloes. Indian J Anim Res, 51(1): 35-39. DOI: 10.18805/ijar.1146r.
  • Şahin A, Yıldırım A, Ulutaş Z. 2014. Relationships between somatic cell count and some raw milk paramaters of Anatolian buffaloes. Tekirdağ Zir Fak Derg, 11(1): 114-121.
  • Şahin A, Yıldırım A. 2012. Somatic Cell Count and Raw Milk Composition in Water Buffaloes. J Fac Agri GOU, 29(2): 43-48.
  • Sarfarz A, Gaucher I, Rousseau F, Beaucher E, Piot M, Grongnet JF, Gaucheron F, 2008. Effect of acidification on physico-chemical characteristics of buffalo milk: A comparison with cow’s milk. Food Chem, 106(1): 11-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.021.
  • Şekerden Ö, Avşar YK. 2008. Anadolu mandalarında süt kompozisyonu, rennet pıhtılaşma süresi, üre muhtevası ve bunları etkileyen çevre faktörleri. Hayvansal Üretim, 49(2): 7-14.
  • Singh M, Ludri RS. 2001. Influence of stages of lactation, parity and season on somatic cell counts in cows. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci, 14(12): 1775-1780.
  • Singh PK, Kamboj ML, Chandra S, Kumar A, Kumar N. 2019. Influence of weaning on growth, health and behaviour of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Indian J Anim Res, 53(5): 680-684. DOI: 10.18805/ijar.B-3546.
  • Singh R, Saini AK. 2020. Effect of Early Weaning on Nili Ravi Buffalo and Calf Performance. Vet Res, 8(03): 247-253.
  • Sodi SS, Mehra ML, Jain AK, Trehan PK. 2008. Effect of non-genetic factors on the composition of milk of Murrah buffaloes. Indian Vet J, 85: 950-952.
  • Stádník L, Atasever S. 2015. Influence of some environmental factors on body condition score and somatic cell count in Czech Holstein cows. Indian J Anim Res, 49(6): 774-777.
  • Sundaram M, Harharan G. 2013. Preliminary study on Evaluation of Effect of Lactation number on Milk yield and Milk composition in Murrah (Bubalus bubalis) Buffaloes. Res J Anim Vet Fishery Sci, 1(7): 21-23.
  • Tripaldi C, Palocci G, Miarelli M, Catta M, Orlandini S, Amatiste S, Bernardini RD, Catillo G. 2010. Effects of Mastitis on Buffalo Milk Quality. Asian-Austuralian J Anim Sci, 23(10): 1319- 1324. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90618.
  • Yadav SP, Sikka P, Kumar D, Sarkar S, Pandey AK. Yadav PS, Sethi RK. 2013. Variation in milk constituents during different parity and seasons in Murrah buffaloes. Indian J Anim Sci, 83(7): 747-751.
Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 463 - 471, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1311020

Abstract

References

  • Atasever S, Erdem H. 2009. Estimation of milk yield and financial losses related to somatic cell count in Holstein cows raised in Turkey. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(8): 1491-1494.
  • Aurelia P, Cristian C, Camelia R, Vioara M, Gheorghe M. 2009. The study of the main parameters quality of buffalo milk. J Center Eur Agri, 10(3): 201-206.
  • Aytekin I, Boztepe S. 2014. Somatic cell count, importance and effect factors in dairy cattle. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Tech, 2(3): 112-121. DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v2i3.112-121.66.
  • Boro P, Debnath J, Kumar Das, T, Naha BC, Debbarma N, Deabbarma P, Debbarma C, Devi LSB, Devi TG. 2018. Milk composition and factors affecting it in dairy Buffaloes: A review. J Entomol Zool Stud, 6(3): 340-343.
  • Coban O, Sabuncuoglu N, Tuzemen N. 2009. A study on relationships between somatic cell count (SCC) and some udder traits in dairy cows. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(1): 134-138.
  • Collier RJ, Annen-Dawson EL, Pezeshki A. 2012. Effects of continuous lactation and short dry periods on mammary function and animal health. Animal, 6(3): 403-414. DOI: 10.1017/S1751731111002461.
  • Damé MCF, Lima CTS, de Marcondes CR, Ribeiro MER, Garnero ADV. 2010. Preliminary study on buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk production in Southern Brazil. Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, April 10-12, 2010, Buenos Aires, Brasil, pp: 582-584.
  • De K, Mukherjee J, Prasad P, Dang AK. 2010. Effect of different physiological stages and managemental practices on milk somatic cell counts of Murrah buffaloes, Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, April 10-12, 2010, Buenos Aires, Brasil, 549-551.
  • do Nascimento Rangel, AH, de Oliveira JPF, de Medeiros HR, de Araújo VM, Novaes LP, de Lima Júnior DM. 2014. Influence of Murrah buffalo behavior in milking parlors on production characteristics. Arch Vet Sci, 19(3): 53-61.
  • Erdem H, Atasever S, Kul E. 2007. Some environmental factors affecting somatic cell count of Holstein cows. J Appl Anim Res, 32(2): 173-176. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2007.9706871.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC, Abaci SH. 2022a. Milking temperament of Anatolian buffaloes during early lactation. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 253: 105679.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC, Demirci H. 2022b. Components and specific gravity of colostrum from Anatolian buffalo cows and effects on growth of buffalo calves. South African J Anim Sci, 52(3): 316-325.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC. 2019. Influence of hygiene status of cows on somatic cell count and milk components during summer season. Large Anim Rev, 25: 7-10.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu IC. 2020. Non-genetic factors affecting some colostrum quality traits in Holstein cattle. Pakistan J Zool, 52(2): 557-564.
  • Erez İ, Göncü S. 2012. The effects of early weaning practice at performances of black and white calves. Çukurova Üniv Fen Müh Bil Derg, 28(3): 68-78.
  • Gupta A, Kamboj, ML, Chandra S, Sahu D, Chaudhary M, Sahu MC, Sahu M, Yadav V, Armo S. 2019. A comparative study of immune, growth and health status of primiparous and multiparous Murrah buffaloes calves. J Entomol Zool Stud, 7(1): 1321-1323.
  • Gürler Z, Kuyucuoğlu Y, Pamuk Ş. 2013. Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Anatolian Buffalo Milk. African J Microbiol Res, 7(16): 1512-1517. DOI: 10.5897/AJMR12.1014.
  • Hoyraz M, Sezer R, Demirtaş M, Koç A. 2015. A Research on colostrum quality and constituents of Holstein-Friesian cows. J Tralleis Elektron. 4: 1-7.
  • Kaygısız A, Kose M. 2007. The quality of colostrum and its effects on calves growth characteristics in Holstein cattle. J Agric Sci Ankara Univ, 13: 321-325.
  • Khan ZU, Khan S, Ahmad N, Raziq A. 2007. Investigation of mortality incidence and managemental practices in buffalo calves at commercial dairy farms in Peshawar City. J Agri Biol Sci, 2(3): 16-22.
  • Kul E, Şahin A, Atasever S, Uğurlutepe E, Soydaner M. 2019. The effects of somatic cell count on milk yield and milk composition in Holstein cows. Veterinarski Arhiv, 89(2): 143-154. DOI: 10.24099/vet.arhiv.0168.
  • Misra SS, Sharma A, Bhattacharya TK, Kumar P, Saha RS. 2008. Association of breed and polymorphism of α-s1and α-s2casein genes with milk quality and daily milk and constituent yield traits of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 27: 294-301.
  • Muggli J. 1995. Influence of somatic cell counts on stage of lactations. Anim Breed Abst, 1996.
  • Napolitano F, Serrapica F, Braghieri A, Masucci F, Sabia E, De Rosa G. 2019. Human animal interactions in dairy buffalo farms. Animals, 9(5): 246. DOI: 10.3390/ani9050246.
  • Okuyucu İC, Erdem H. 2017. Effects of some milk compounds on growth performance in Holstein calves. Academia J Eng Appl Sci, 1(3): 69-80.
  • Patbandha TK, Ravikala K, Maharana BR, Marandi S, Ahlawat AR, Gajbhiye PU. 2015. Effect of season and stage of lactation on milk components of Jaffrabadi buffaloes. Bioscan, 10(2): 635-638.
  • Pecka-Kiełb E, Zachwieja A, Wojtas E, Zawadzki W. 2018. Influence of nutrition on the quality of colostrum and milk of ruminants. Mljekarstvo: Časopis za Unaprjeđenje Proizvodnje i Prerade Mlijeka, 68(3): 169-181. DOI: 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2018.0302.
  • Puppel K, Gołębiewski M, Grodkowski G, Slósarz J, Kunowska-Slósarz M, Solarczyk P, Łukasiewicz M, Balcerak M, Przysucha T. 2019. Composition and factors affecting quality of bovine colostrum: a review. Animals, 9(12): 1070.
  • Şahin A, Ulutaş Z, Yildirim A, Kul E, Aksoy Y, Ugurlutepe E, Sözen S, Kaplan Y. 2016. The effect of some environmental factors on milk composıtıon of Anatolian buffaloes. Scient Papers Series Dairy Anim Sci, 59: 57-64.
  • Şahin A, Yildirim A, Ulutas Z, Ugurlutepe E. 2017. The effects of stage of lactation, parity and calving season on somatic cell counts in Anatolian Water Buffaloes. Indian J Anim Res, 51(1): 35-39. DOI: 10.18805/ijar.1146r.
  • Şahin A, Yıldırım A, Ulutaş Z. 2014. Relationships between somatic cell count and some raw milk paramaters of Anatolian buffaloes. Tekirdağ Zir Fak Derg, 11(1): 114-121.
  • Şahin A, Yıldırım A. 2012. Somatic Cell Count and Raw Milk Composition in Water Buffaloes. J Fac Agri GOU, 29(2): 43-48.
  • Sarfarz A, Gaucher I, Rousseau F, Beaucher E, Piot M, Grongnet JF, Gaucheron F, 2008. Effect of acidification on physico-chemical characteristics of buffalo milk: A comparison with cow’s milk. Food Chem, 106(1): 11-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.021.
  • Şekerden Ö, Avşar YK. 2008. Anadolu mandalarında süt kompozisyonu, rennet pıhtılaşma süresi, üre muhtevası ve bunları etkileyen çevre faktörleri. Hayvansal Üretim, 49(2): 7-14.
  • Singh M, Ludri RS. 2001. Influence of stages of lactation, parity and season on somatic cell counts in cows. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci, 14(12): 1775-1780.
  • Singh PK, Kamboj ML, Chandra S, Kumar A, Kumar N. 2019. Influence of weaning on growth, health and behaviour of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Indian J Anim Res, 53(5): 680-684. DOI: 10.18805/ijar.B-3546.
  • Singh R, Saini AK. 2020. Effect of Early Weaning on Nili Ravi Buffalo and Calf Performance. Vet Res, 8(03): 247-253.
  • Sodi SS, Mehra ML, Jain AK, Trehan PK. 2008. Effect of non-genetic factors on the composition of milk of Murrah buffaloes. Indian Vet J, 85: 950-952.
  • Stádník L, Atasever S. 2015. Influence of some environmental factors on body condition score and somatic cell count in Czech Holstein cows. Indian J Anim Res, 49(6): 774-777.
  • Sundaram M, Harharan G. 2013. Preliminary study on Evaluation of Effect of Lactation number on Milk yield and Milk composition in Murrah (Bubalus bubalis) Buffaloes. Res J Anim Vet Fishery Sci, 1(7): 21-23.
  • Tripaldi C, Palocci G, Miarelli M, Catta M, Orlandini S, Amatiste S, Bernardini RD, Catillo G. 2010. Effects of Mastitis on Buffalo Milk Quality. Asian-Austuralian J Anim Sci, 23(10): 1319- 1324. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90618.
  • Yadav SP, Sikka P, Kumar D, Sarkar S, Pandey AK. Yadav PS, Sethi RK. 2013. Variation in milk constituents during different parity and seasons in Murrah buffaloes. Indian J Anim Sci, 83(7): 747-751.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hüseyin Erdem 0000-0001-5273-3925

İbrahim Cihangir Okuyucu 0000-0002-2138-6577

Hasan Demirci 0000-0001-9227-7442

Publication Date September 1, 2023
Submission Date June 8, 2023
Acceptance Date July 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Erdem, H., Okuyucu, İ. C., & Demirci, H. (2023). Effects of Age, Calving Season and Specific Gravity of First Milking Colostrum on Milk Components and Somatic Cell Count in Early Lactation Anatolian Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Cows. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 6(5), 463-471. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1311020

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