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Determination of the Effects of Aminoethoxyvinilglycine (AVG) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Applications on Pre-Harvest Fruit Drop Amount and Fruit Quality in Hakko Pear Cultivar

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 664 - 670, 15.11.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1537258

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of pre-harvest Aminoethoxyvinylgylcine (AVG) and Gibberellic acid (GA3) applications on the pre-harvest fruit drop amount and fruit quality in the 'Hakko' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) cultivar grafted on BA29 rootstock in a private orchard in the Bala district of Ankara in 2021-2022. It was conducted in an orchard belonging to a producer. 50-100-150 mg/l AVG and 25-50-75 mg/l GA3 were applied 4 weeks before the estimated harvest date. Fruits are harvested at full maturity date; Pomological properties including cumulative drop percentage, yield per tree, fruit weight, fruit width and length, fruit stem width and length, fruit firmness, fruit color, as well as chemical properties such as soluble solid content (SSC), pH and titratable acidity (TA) were evaluated. It was observed that all doses of AVG and GA3 during the harvest period reduced the cumulative drop rate compared to the control application (6.78%). In general, the yield per tree was found to be high in GA3 applications. Both AVG and GA3 applications had statistically significant effects on fruit weight, fruit width and length, fruit flesh firmness, SSC, and pH. It was observed that both AVG and GA3 applications reduced pre-harvest fruit drop and improved fruit quality characteristics compared to the control.

Supporting Institution

Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects

Project Number

ZRT.A4.21.005

Thanks

This research was supported by Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects with project number ZRT.A4.21.005.

References

  • Anonymous 2023. World pear production statistics URL: https://www.fao.org/home/en (accessed date: October 10, 2023).
  • Boyacı S. 2022. Effect of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applications on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of Red Delicious, Red Chief apple cultivar. ErwerbsObstbau, 64:395–400.
  • Budak MM. 2017. Hasat öncesi gibberellik asit ve oksalik asit uygulamalarinin Kosiu Hakko Asya armut çeşitlerinde meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Isparta Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, Türkiye, ss: 59.
  • Butar S, Çetinbaş M. 2015. Pre-harvest application of retain (Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG) influences pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pears. Tar Bil Der, 23: 344-356.
  • Brackmann A, Thewes FR, deOliveira R. Both V, Junior WL, Schultz EE. 2015. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine: Isolated and combined with other growth regulators on quality of ‘Brookfield’ apples after storage. Sci Agric, 72(3): 221–228.
  • Canlı FA, Pektaş M. 2015. Improving fruit size and quality of low yielding and small fruited pear cultivars with benzyadenine and gibberellin applications. Europ J Hort Sci, 80(3): 103-108.
  • Chen X, Bao J, Chen Y, Zhang C, Huang X. 2012. Effect of Hormone Treatments on Deformed Fruit Development in Pear. Afr J Biotechnol, 11(44): 10207-10209.
  • Clayton M, Biasi WV, Southwick SM, Mitcham EJ. 2000. Retain affects maturity and ripening of ‘Bartlett’ pear. HortSci, 35(7): 1294-1299.
  • Çetinbaş M. 2010. Bazı bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin ‘Monreo’ şeftali çeşidinde verim ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, Türkiyr, ss: 131.
  • Çetinbaş M. 2018. The important role of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) pre-harvest application in fruit harvest time, fruit quality and mineral element contents of ‘Akça’ (Pyrus communis l.). Appl Ecol Environ Res, 16(5): 5551-5569.
  • Durham CA, McFetridge MC, Johnson AJ. 2005. The development of a quality scale to measure the impact of quality on supermarket fruit demand. J Food Distribut Res, 36: 36-41.
  • Fırat B. 1998. Bitki Nasıl Beslenir? Atlas Kitapevi. ISBN: 9789759456109, Konya, Türkiye, ss: 292.
  • Flaishman MA, Shargal A, Stern RA. 2001. The synthetic cytokinin CPPU increases fruit size and yield of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Costia’ pear (Pyrus communis L.). J Hortic Sci Biotechnol, 76(2): 145–149.
  • Greene DW. 2006. An update on preharvest drop control of apples with Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (ReTain). Acta Hortic, 727: 311-320.
  • Jackson J. 2003. Biology of apples and pears. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp: 502.
  • Karaçalı İ. 2009. Bahçe Ürünlerinin Muhafazası ve Pazarlaması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 494, Ders Kitabı: 444, İzmir, Türkiye, ss: 504.
  • Kang IK, Byun JK, Kweon HJ, Kim MJ, Kwon S, Park MY, Lee DH, Choi C, Choi DG. 2007. Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine on preharvest drop, fruit color, and quality of ‘Tsugaru’ apples. Hort Environ Biotechnol, 48(3): 159-164.
  • Lafer G. 2008. Effects of different bioregulator applications on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pears. Acta Hortic, 800: 183-188.
  • Mete, 2019. Bazı armut çeşitlerinde fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın, Türkiye, ss: 73.
  • Özçağıran R, Ünal A, Özeker E. İsfendiyaroğlu M. 2011. Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri, Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyveler. Cilt II, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 556, İzmir, Türkiye, ss: 166.
  • Öztürk B. 2018. Jonagold elma çeşidinde Aminoethoksivinilglisinin (AVG) hasat önü dökümüne, “Breaeburn” elma çeşidinde metil jasmonatin (MEJA) renklenme üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tokat, Türkiye, ss: 111.
  • Öztürk B, Özkan Y, Kılıç K, Uçar M, Karakaya O, Karakaya M. 2015. The effects of pre-harvest plant growth regulators treatments on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of Braeburn apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). J Agric Fac Gaziosmanpasa Univ, 32(1): 68–76.
  • Pektaş M. 2009. Hasat öncesi bazi bitki büyüme düzenleyici madde uygulamalarinin Akça ve B.P. Morettini armutlarında meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Isparta, Türkiye, ss: 58.
  • Polat M, Bağbozan B. 2017. Eğirdir (Isparta) ekolojisinde yetiştirilen erkenci yerli armut (Pyrus communis l.) tiplerinin bazı meyve özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniv, Fen Bilim Enstit Derg, 21: 9-12.
  • Silverman FP, Petracek PD, Noll MR, Warrior P. 2004. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine effects on late-season apple fruit maturation. Plant Growth Regul, 43:153–161.
  • Stern RA, Doron I, BenArie M. 2007. Plant growth regulators increase the fruit size of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Coscia’ pears (Pyrus communis) in a warm climate. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol, 82(5): 803-807.
  • Stern RA. 2008. Increasing fruit size of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Coscia’ (Pyrus communis) pears in a warm climate with plant growth regulators. Acta Hortic, 800, 155-162.
  • Stover E, Fargione MJ, Watkins CB, Iungerman KA. 2003. Harvest management of Marshall ‘McIntosh’ apples: Effects of AVG, NAA, Ethephon and summer pruning on preharvest drop and fruit quality. HortSci, 38(6): 1093–1099.
  • Sütyemez M. 2000. Bazı kiraz çeşitlerinde GA3 uygulamalarının meyve tutum ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. KSU Fen Mühen Derg, 3(1): 43–50.
  • Whale SK, Singh Z, Behboudian MH, Janes J, Dhaliwal SS. 2008. Fruit quality in ‘Cripp’s Pink’ apple, especially colour, as affected by preharvest sprays of Aminoethoxyvinlglycine and Ethephon. Sci Hortic, 115: 342-351.
  • Yehia TA, Hassan HSA. 2005. Effect of some chemical treatments on fruting “Leconte” pears. TJASR, 1: 35-42.
  • Yuan R, Carbaugh HD. 2007. Effects of NAA, AVG and 1-MCP on ethylene biosynthesis, preharvest fruit drop, fruit maturity and quality of ‘Golden Supreme’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. HortSci, 42(1): 101–105.
  • Yurtsever N. 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotları. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları No: 121, Ankara, Türkiye, ss: 623.
  • Zhang C, Tanab K, Tamura F, Itai A, Yoshida M. 2007. Roles of gibberellins in increasing sink demand in Japanese pear fruit during rapid fruit growth. Plant Growth Regul, 52: 161-172.
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 664 - 670, 15.11.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1537258

Abstract

Project Number

ZRT.A4.21.005

References

  • Anonymous 2023. World pear production statistics URL: https://www.fao.org/home/en (accessed date: October 10, 2023).
  • Boyacı S. 2022. Effect of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applications on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of Red Delicious, Red Chief apple cultivar. ErwerbsObstbau, 64:395–400.
  • Budak MM. 2017. Hasat öncesi gibberellik asit ve oksalik asit uygulamalarinin Kosiu Hakko Asya armut çeşitlerinde meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Isparta Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, Türkiye, ss: 59.
  • Butar S, Çetinbaş M. 2015. Pre-harvest application of retain (Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG) influences pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pears. Tar Bil Der, 23: 344-356.
  • Brackmann A, Thewes FR, deOliveira R. Both V, Junior WL, Schultz EE. 2015. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine: Isolated and combined with other growth regulators on quality of ‘Brookfield’ apples after storage. Sci Agric, 72(3): 221–228.
  • Canlı FA, Pektaş M. 2015. Improving fruit size and quality of low yielding and small fruited pear cultivars with benzyadenine and gibberellin applications. Europ J Hort Sci, 80(3): 103-108.
  • Chen X, Bao J, Chen Y, Zhang C, Huang X. 2012. Effect of Hormone Treatments on Deformed Fruit Development in Pear. Afr J Biotechnol, 11(44): 10207-10209.
  • Clayton M, Biasi WV, Southwick SM, Mitcham EJ. 2000. Retain affects maturity and ripening of ‘Bartlett’ pear. HortSci, 35(7): 1294-1299.
  • Çetinbaş M. 2010. Bazı bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin ‘Monreo’ şeftali çeşidinde verim ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, Türkiyr, ss: 131.
  • Çetinbaş M. 2018. The important role of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) pre-harvest application in fruit harvest time, fruit quality and mineral element contents of ‘Akça’ (Pyrus communis l.). Appl Ecol Environ Res, 16(5): 5551-5569.
  • Durham CA, McFetridge MC, Johnson AJ. 2005. The development of a quality scale to measure the impact of quality on supermarket fruit demand. J Food Distribut Res, 36: 36-41.
  • Fırat B. 1998. Bitki Nasıl Beslenir? Atlas Kitapevi. ISBN: 9789759456109, Konya, Türkiye, ss: 292.
  • Flaishman MA, Shargal A, Stern RA. 2001. The synthetic cytokinin CPPU increases fruit size and yield of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Costia’ pear (Pyrus communis L.). J Hortic Sci Biotechnol, 76(2): 145–149.
  • Greene DW. 2006. An update on preharvest drop control of apples with Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (ReTain). Acta Hortic, 727: 311-320.
  • Jackson J. 2003. Biology of apples and pears. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp: 502.
  • Karaçalı İ. 2009. Bahçe Ürünlerinin Muhafazası ve Pazarlaması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 494, Ders Kitabı: 444, İzmir, Türkiye, ss: 504.
  • Kang IK, Byun JK, Kweon HJ, Kim MJ, Kwon S, Park MY, Lee DH, Choi C, Choi DG. 2007. Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine on preharvest drop, fruit color, and quality of ‘Tsugaru’ apples. Hort Environ Biotechnol, 48(3): 159-164.
  • Lafer G. 2008. Effects of different bioregulator applications on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pears. Acta Hortic, 800: 183-188.
  • Mete, 2019. Bazı armut çeşitlerinde fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın, Türkiye, ss: 73.
  • Özçağıran R, Ünal A, Özeker E. İsfendiyaroğlu M. 2011. Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri, Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyveler. Cilt II, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 556, İzmir, Türkiye, ss: 166.
  • Öztürk B. 2018. Jonagold elma çeşidinde Aminoethoksivinilglisinin (AVG) hasat önü dökümüne, “Breaeburn” elma çeşidinde metil jasmonatin (MEJA) renklenme üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tokat, Türkiye, ss: 111.
  • Öztürk B, Özkan Y, Kılıç K, Uçar M, Karakaya O, Karakaya M. 2015. The effects of pre-harvest plant growth regulators treatments on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of Braeburn apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). J Agric Fac Gaziosmanpasa Univ, 32(1): 68–76.
  • Pektaş M. 2009. Hasat öncesi bazi bitki büyüme düzenleyici madde uygulamalarinin Akça ve B.P. Morettini armutlarında meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Isparta, Türkiye, ss: 58.
  • Polat M, Bağbozan B. 2017. Eğirdir (Isparta) ekolojisinde yetiştirilen erkenci yerli armut (Pyrus communis l.) tiplerinin bazı meyve özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniv, Fen Bilim Enstit Derg, 21: 9-12.
  • Silverman FP, Petracek PD, Noll MR, Warrior P. 2004. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine effects on late-season apple fruit maturation. Plant Growth Regul, 43:153–161.
  • Stern RA, Doron I, BenArie M. 2007. Plant growth regulators increase the fruit size of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Coscia’ pears (Pyrus communis) in a warm climate. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol, 82(5): 803-807.
  • Stern RA. 2008. Increasing fruit size of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Coscia’ (Pyrus communis) pears in a warm climate with plant growth regulators. Acta Hortic, 800, 155-162.
  • Stover E, Fargione MJ, Watkins CB, Iungerman KA. 2003. Harvest management of Marshall ‘McIntosh’ apples: Effects of AVG, NAA, Ethephon and summer pruning on preharvest drop and fruit quality. HortSci, 38(6): 1093–1099.
  • Sütyemez M. 2000. Bazı kiraz çeşitlerinde GA3 uygulamalarının meyve tutum ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. KSU Fen Mühen Derg, 3(1): 43–50.
  • Whale SK, Singh Z, Behboudian MH, Janes J, Dhaliwal SS. 2008. Fruit quality in ‘Cripp’s Pink’ apple, especially colour, as affected by preharvest sprays of Aminoethoxyvinlglycine and Ethephon. Sci Hortic, 115: 342-351.
  • Yehia TA, Hassan HSA. 2005. Effect of some chemical treatments on fruting “Leconte” pears. TJASR, 1: 35-42.
  • Yuan R, Carbaugh HD. 2007. Effects of NAA, AVG and 1-MCP on ethylene biosynthesis, preharvest fruit drop, fruit maturity and quality of ‘Golden Supreme’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. HortSci, 42(1): 101–105.
  • Yurtsever N. 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotları. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları No: 121, Ankara, Türkiye, ss: 623.
  • Zhang C, Tanab K, Tamura F, Itai A, Yoshida M. 2007. Roles of gibberellins in increasing sink demand in Japanese pear fruit during rapid fruit growth. Plant Growth Regul, 52: 161-172.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yasin Ay 0000-0001-5506-4587

Selma Boyacı 0000-0002-3349-839X

Project Number ZRT.A4.21.005
Publication Date November 15, 2024
Submission Date August 22, 2024
Acceptance Date October 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Ay, Y., & Boyacı, S. (2024). Determination of the Effects of Aminoethoxyvinilglycine (AVG) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Applications on Pre-Harvest Fruit Drop Amount and Fruit Quality in Hakko Pear Cultivar. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 7(6), 664-670. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1537258

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